Deck 6: The Skeletal System

Question 1

In addition to osseous tissue, a typical bone contains

A) other connective tissues.
B) smooth muscle tissues (in blood vessel walls).
C) neural tissues.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system?

A) storage of inorganic salts
B) protection of vital organs
C) locomotion
D) support
E) all of the above

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The bones of the limbs are classified as

A) short bones.
B) long bones.
C) flat bones.
D) sesamoid bones.
E) irregular bones.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is a step in intramembranous ossification?

A) Hyaline cartilage model forms.
B) Periosteum forms a collar around the cartilage.
C) Fibrous connective tissue is converted to bone tissue.
D) Osteoblasts deposit bone in areas of cartilage loss.
E) none of the above; all are part of endochondral ossification

Question 5

Bone cells capable of breaking down bonds are termed

A) osteocytes.
B) osteoblasts.
C) osteoclasts.
D) chondrocytes.
E) osteons.

Question 6

The connective tissue covering the outer surface of a bone is (the)

A) matrix.
B) osteon.
C) periosteum.
D) endosteum.
E) none of the above

Question 7

Organic components of the matrix of bone include

A) calcium phosphate.
B) collagen fibers.
C) calcium carbonate.
D) all of the above
E) A and B only

Question 8

The presence of an epiphyseal line indicates

A) epiphyseal growth has ended.
B) epiphyseal growth is just beginning.
C) growth in bone diameter is just beginning.
D) the bone is fractured at that location.
E) The presence of an epiphyseal line does not indicate any particular event.

Question 9

In the skeletal system, compact bone is located

A) where bones are most heavily stressed.
B) where stresses arrive from many directions.
C) in a ring around the perimeter of long bones.
D) in direct contact with articular cartilages.
E) in all of the places listed above

Question 10

In intramembranous ossification,

A) osteoblasts differentiate within a connective tissue.
B) osteoblasts cluster together and secrete organic matrix.
C) ossification occurs at the ossification center.
D) only A and C
E) all of the above

Question 11

Which of the following make up most of the bone tissue?

A) cells
B) protein fibers
C) hydroxyapatite crystals
D) osteons
E) polysaccharides

Question 12

Functions of the skeletal system include

A) support.
B) storage.
C) protection.
D) blood cell production.
E) all of the above

Question 13

Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony spines called

A) trabeculae.
B) osteons.
C) lamellae.
D) canaliculi.
E) perforating canals.

Question 14

Immature, active bone cells are termed

A) osteocytes.
B) stem cells.
C) osteoblasts.
D) osteoclasts.
E) chondrocytes.

Question 15

Perforating canals (canals of Volkmann)

A) are arranged parallel to the surface of the bone.
B) are always associated with osteons in spongy bone.
C) transmit blood vessels to osteons deep inside the bone.
D) occur in growing juvenile bone, but are obliterated in adult bone.
E) all of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is only found in compact bone?

A) trabeculae
B) canaliculi
C) osteoblasts
D) osteons
E) marrow

Question 17

Layers of bone are referred to as

A) osteons.
B) canaliculi.
C) lamellae.
D) osteoclasts.
E) central canals.

Question 18

Regulatory functions of the skeletal system include

A) maintaining blood calcium levels.
B) absorbing the shock of unexpected rapid body movements.
C) facilitating transmission of nerve impulses.
D) cushioning abdominal organs such as the kidneys.
E) all of the above

Question 19

Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?

A) neural tissue
B) muscle tissue
C) connective tissue
D) epithelial tissue
E) none of the above

Question 20

Red bone marrow functions in the formation of

A) adipose tissue.
B) new bone.
C) blood cells.
D) osteoblasts.
E) both C and D

Question 21

The atlas is classified as a ________ vertebra.

A) thoracic
B) lumbar
C) sacral
D) cervical
E) none of the above

Question 22

Which of the following is part of the appendicular skeleton?

A) the skull
B) the manubrium
C) the sternum
D) the scapula
E) the vertebrae

Question 23

The jugular foramen is made from depressions of which pair of bones?

A) temporal and occipital
B) zygomatic and sphenoid
C) temporal and sphenoid
D) maxillary and zygomatic
E) maxillary and temporal

Question 24

The parathyroid hormone

A) stimulates osteoclast activity.
B) increases the rate of calcium absorption.
C) decreases the rate of calcium excretion.
D) A and C only
E) all of the above

Question 25

The nasal septum includes which of the following?

A) vomer
B) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid
C) nasal bones
D) inferior nasal conchae
E) both A and B

Question 26

The appendicular skeleton consists of

A) the bones of the arms.
B) the bones of the legs.
C) the bones of the hands and feet.
D) the bones that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton.
E) all of the above

Question 27

A compound fracture

A) is caused by an underlying pathology.
B) results in bone breaking the skin.
C) is a type of incomplete fracture.
D) never happens.
E) is also called a greenstick fracture.

Question 28

The hormone calcitonin functions to

A) stimulate osteoclast activity.
B) decrease the rate of calcium excretion.
C) increase the rate of bone deposition.
D) decrease the level of calcium ion in the blood.
E) all of the above

Question 29

The parietal, temporal, frontal, and occipital bones are part of (the)

A) cranium.
B) skull.
C) facial bones.
D) axial skeleton.
E) none of the above

Question 30

The appendicular skeleton contains ________ bones.

A) 80
B) 206
C) 126
D) 64
E) 62

Question 31

The following are major steps in the process of endochondral ossification: 1. Blood vessels invade the perichondrium.
2) Osteoclasts create a marrow cavity.
3) Chondrocytes enlarge and calcify.
4) Osteoblasts replace calcified cartilage with spongy bone.
5) The perichondrium is converted into periosteum, and the inner layer produces bone.
The correct order for these events is

A) 3, 1, 5, 4, 2
B) 1, 3, 5, 4, 2
C) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2
D) 2, 3, 1, 5, 4
E) 3, 1, 4, 5, 2

Question 32

The divisions of the skeletal system include (the)

A) dorsal and ventral.
B) axial and appendicular.
C) proximal and distal.
D) cranial, caudal, and anterior.
E) none of the above

Question 33

The structure that houses the pituitary gland is called the

A) crista galli.
B) greater wing.
C) lesser wing.
D) dorsum sellae.
E) sella turcica.

Question 34

The pituitary gland is located in the

A) cribriform plate.
B) sella turcica.
C) sphenoid sinus.
D) glenoid fossa.
E) hypophysis.

Question 35

The primary curves of the vertebral column are the

A) cervical and lumbar.
B) cervical and thoracic.
C) cervical and pelvic.
D) thoracic and pelvic.
E) thoracic and lumbar.

Question 36

Most bones in the appendicular skeleton develop from

A) fibrous connective tissue.
B) hyaline cartilage.
C) the process of intramembranous ossification.
D) the process of endochondral ossification.
E) both B and D

Question 37

Which of the following bones contain the cribriform foramina?

A) zygomatic
B) maxilla
C) frontal
D) ethmoid
E) sphenoid

Question 38

Which of the following is part of the nasal septum?

A) vomer bone
B) zygomatic bone
C) maxillary bone
D) frontal bone
E) sphenoid bone

Question 39

Ribs that join the sternum directly are called ________ ribs.

A) false
B) true
C) floating
D) broken
E) sternal

Question 40

The smooth, rounded, or oval articular process of a bone is termed a

A) crest.
B) ridge.
C) head.
D) condyle.
E) trochlea.

Question 41

The long, skinny process near the external auditory meatus is the

A) mastoid process.
B) styloid process.
C) occipital condyle.
D) condyloid process.
E) temporal process.

Question 42

Paranasal sinuses are located within which of the following bones? (1) frontal bone
(2) sphenoid
(3) ethmoid
(4) maxilla
(5) nasal bone

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 1, 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 3, 5
D) 1, 2, 3
E) 3, 4, 5

Question 43

Costal processes are located on ________ vertebrae.

A) cervical
B) thoracic
C) lumbar
D) sacral
E) coccygeal

Question 44

The vertebral column contains ________ lumbar vertebrae.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12
E) 31

Question 45

An exaggerated lateral curvature is termed

A) kyphosis.
B) lordosis.
C) scoliosis.
D) gomphosis.
E) none of the above

Question 46

Functions of the curves of the vertebral column include which of the following?

A) accommodation of the thoracic and abdominopelvic viscera
B) aligning the weight of the trunk over the arms
C) shifting the weight of the trunk forward
D) increasing the ability to extend the limbs
E) all of the above

Question 47

The bony roof of the mouth is formed by

A) palatine bones.
B) the vomer.
C) maxillae.
D) the sphenoid bone.
E) both A and C

Question 48

Which of the following is most likely to be damaged during CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation)?

A) styloid process
B) mastoid process
C) xiphoid process
D) odontoid process
E) transverse process

Question 49

The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the

A) mandible.
B) maxillary.
C) zygomatic.
D) temporal.
E) cribriform plate.

Question 50

The coronal suture is the boundary between which bones?

A) frontal and parietal
B) frontal and nasal
C) frontal and sphenoid
D) parietal and temporal
E) nasal and vomer

Question 51

The vertebral column contains ________ cervical vertebrae.

A) 4
B) 5
C) 7
D) 12
E) 31

Question 52

Which of the following curves develops as a child begins to stand and walk?

A) lumbar
B) thoracic
C) sacral
D) cervical
E) cervical and sacral

Question 53

The ribs articulate with

A) the spinous processes of the vertebrae.
B) the transverse processes of the vertebrae.
C) the laminae of the vertebrae.
D) the pedicles of the vertebrae.
E) both A and B

Question 54

A cleft palate is malformation of which bone?

A) vomer
B) ethmoid
C) sphenoid
D) mandible
E) maxillary

Question 55

Bones of the skull that articulate with the zygomatic bone include (the)

A) temporal bone.
B) frontal bone.
C) maxillary bone.
D) sphenoid.
E) all of the above.

Question 56

Features of the maxillae include

A) sinuses.
B) alveolar processes.
C) orbital rims.
D) inferior orbital foramina.
E) all of the above

Question 57

The paranasal sinuses are located in the ________ bone.

A) frontal
B) ethmoid
C) sphenoid
D) maxillary
E) all of the above

Question 58

The vertebral arches surround and protect the

A) spinal nerves.
B) cranial nerves.
C) vertebrae.
D) spinal cord.
E) ribs.

Question 59

The suture that forms the articulation of the parietal bone with the temporal bone is the

A) lambdoidal suture.
B) rostral suture.
C) coronal suture.
D) squamosal suture.
E) sagittal suture.

Question 60

One role of the fontanels is to

A) allow for compression of the skull during childbirth.
B) serve as ossification centers for the facial bones.
C) serve as the final bony plates of the skull.
D) lighten the weight of the skull bones.
E) none of the above

Question 61

Coxal bones include the

A) pubis.
B) ischium.
C) ilium.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 62

Which of the following bones bear teeth?

A) maxillae
B) mandible
C) palatine bones
D) all of the above
E) A and B only

Question 63

Improper administration of CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) can force the ________ into the liver.

A) floating ribs
B) lumbar vertebrae
C) manubrium of the sternum
D) costal cartilage
E) xiphoid process

Question 64

Structural characteristics of the pectoral girdle that adapt it to a wide range of movement include

A) heavy bones.
B) relatively weak joints.
C) limited range of motion at the shoulder joint.
D) joints stabilized by ligaments and tendons.
E) all of the above

Question 65

Which of the following is part of the wrist?

A) navicular
B) cuneiform
C) calcaneus
D) talus
E) scaphoid

Question 66

The bony structure of the orbit is composed of which of the following?

A) maxilla, zygomatic, lacrimal, and palatine only
B) ethmoid, sphenoid, frontal, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, and palatine
C) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, and sphenoid only
D) zygomatic, nasal, frontal, sphenoid, palatine, lacrimal, and temporal
E) none of the above

Question 67

Structural characteristics of the pelvic girdle that adapt it to the role of bearing the weight of the body include

A) heavy bones.
B) strong and stable joints.
C) a high degree of flexibility at the hip joint.
D) A and B only
E) all of the above

Question 68

The most inferior portion of the sternum is called the

A) manubrium.
B) body.
C) xiphoid process.
D) sternal angle.
E) sternal groove.

Question 69

As you proceed from the head inferiorly down the vertebral column,

A) the vertebrae become larger.
B) the transverse processes become shorter.
C) the body of the vertebrae become heavier.
D) the spinous processes become larger.
E) all of the above

Question 70

Bones within the temporal bone that are important to hearing are called

A) acoustic bones.
B) external acoustic meatus.
C) internal acoustic meatus.
D) auditory ossicles.
E) none of the above

Question 71

The clavicle articulates with the

A) manubrium.
B) ribs.
C) humerus.
D) body of the sternum.
E) all of the above

Question 72

The coccyx is composed of ________ fused vertebrae.

A) 1-2
B) 3-5
C) 6-7
D) 7-8
E) 9-11

Question 73

The ________ of the radius assists in the stabilization of the wrist joint.

A) olecranon process
B) coronoid process
C) styloid process
D) radial tuberosity
E) capitulum

Question 74

Which two features make up the hinge at the elbow?

A) trochlea of humerus and head of the radius
B) head of radius and ulnar notch
C) trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ulna
D) coronoid fossa and trochlea of humerus
E) medial condyle and medial epicondyle

Question 75

The point of attachment for muscles that extend and rotate the head is the

A) styloid process.
B) mastoid process.
C) posterior clinoid process.
D) articular tubercle.
E) inion.

Question 76

The ankle contains ________ bones.

A) two
B) five
C) six
D) seven
E) eight

Question 77

The bones that form the palms of the hands are the

A) carpals.
B) tarsals.
C) metacarpals.
D) metatarsals.
E) phalanges.

Question 78

Which of the following problems might be due to injury of structures associated with the hyoid bone?

A) difficulty in swallowing
B) laryngitis
C) soreness upon movement of the back of the tongue
D) A and B
E) A and C

Question 79

Proof of the fusion of vertebrae in the sacrum is evidenced by the

A) lateral sacral crest.
B) medial sacral crest.
C) sacral foramina.
D) transverse sacral ridges.
E) sacral hiatus.

Question 80

Humans have ________ pairs of ribs.

A) 2
B) 6
C) 10
D) 12
E) 24