Deck 5: The Eukaryotes of Microbiology

Question 1

Which genus includes the causative agent for malaria?

A) Euglena
B) Paramecium
C) Plasmodium
D) Trypanosoma

Answer 1

Malaria is a parasitic infection transmitted by the Anopheles mosquitoes. The causative organism of malaria are species of Plasmodium, which are eukaryotic parasites.
Euglena, paramecium and trypanosome are also unicellular eukaryotes, but they do not cause malaria.
Thus, the options (a), (b) and (d) are incorrect.
Malaria is a protozoa infection caused by Plasmodium species. They include, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae.
Thus, the correct option is
.

Question 2

Which protist is a concern because of its ability to contaminate water supplies and cause diarrheal illness?

A) Plasmodium vivax
B) Toxoplasma gondii
C) Giardia lamblia
D) Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 2

The species of Plasmodium are protozoans which are eukaryotic parasites. They cause malaria in humans. Eg: Plasmodium vivax.
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasitic protozoa that causes toxoplasmosis in humans. Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease. It is caused by an anaerobic, parasitic protozoan, Trichomonas   vaginalis. The infected males are generally asymptomatic and the females are symptomatic. The mode of transmission is direct sexual contact.
Thus, the options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.
Giardia lamblia are protozoa (protist) that can infect intestine and cause mild to severe diarrhoea, known as giardiasis. This organism spreads through the contaminated drinking water.
Thus, the correct option is

Question 3

A fluke is classified within which of the following?

A) Nematoda
B) Rotifera
C) Platyhelminthes
D) Annelida

Answer 3

The common name of trematods (class Trematoda ) is "flukes or flatworms." They belong to the phylum Platyhelminthes. All of them are parasites, primary hosts are vertebrates and the secondary hosts are generally snails.
Phylum Nematodes, Rotifera and Annelida does not include flukes.
Thus, the options (a), (b), and (d) are incorrect.
Flukes are a type of flatworms (non-segmented worms), belongs to the phylum Platyhelminthes. They can attach to the intestines, lungs, liver or blood vessels by means of an oral sucker.
Thus, the correct option is

Question 4

A nonsegmented worm is found during a routine colonoscopy of an individual who reported having abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. This worm is likely which of the following?

A) nematode
B) fluke
C) trematode
D) annelid

Question 5

A segmented worm has male and female reproductive organs in each segment. Some use hooks to attach to the intestinal wall. Which type of worm is this?

A) fluke
B) nematode
C) cestode
D) annelid

Question 6

Mushrooms are a type of which of the following?

A) conidia
B) ascus
C) polar tubule
D) basidiocarp

Question 7

Which of the following is the most common cause of human yeast infections?

A) Candida albicans
B) Blastomyces dermititidis
C) Cryptococcus neoformans
D) Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 8

Which of the following is an ascomycete fungus associated with bat droppings that can cause a respiratory infection if inhaled?

A) Candida albicans
B) Histoplasma capsulatum
C) Rhizopus stolonifera
D) Trichophyton rubrum

Question 9

Which polysaccharide found in red algal cell walls is a useful solidifying agent?

A) chitin
B) cellulose
C) phycoerythrin
D) agar

Question 10

Which is the term for the hard outer covering of some dinoflagellates?

A) theca
B) thallus
C) mycelium
D) shell

Question 11

Which protists are associated with red tides?

A) red algae
B) brown algae
C) dinoflagellates
D) green algae

Question 12

You encounter a lichen with leafy structures. Which term describes this lichen?

A) crustose
B) foliose
C) fruticose
D) agarose

Question 13

Which of the following is the term for the outer layer of a lichen?

A) the cortex
B) the medulla
C) the thallus
D) the theca

Question 14

The fungus in a lichen is which of the following?

A) a basidiomycete
B) an ascomycete
C) a zygomycete
D) an apicomplexan

Question 15

The plasma membrane of a protist is called the __________.

Question 16

Animals belong to the same supergroup as the kingdom __________.

Question 17

Flukes are in class _________.

Question 18

A species of worm in which there are distinct male and female individuals is described as _________.

Question 19

Nonseptate hyphae are also called _________.

Question 20

Unicellular fungi are called _________.

Question 21

Some fungi have proven medically useful because they can be used to produce _________.

Question 22

Structures in chloroplasts used to synthesize and store starch are called ________.

Question 23

Algae with chloroplasts with three or four membranes are a result of ________ ________.

Question 24

What are kinetoplastids?

Question 25

Aside from a risk of birth defects, what other effect might a toxoplasmosis infection have?

Question 26

What is the function of the ciliate macronucleus?

Question 27

What is the best defense against tapeworm infection?

Question 28

Which genera of fungi are common dermatophytes (fungi that cause skin infections)?

Question 29

What is a dikaryotic cell?

Question 30

What is a distinctive feature of diatoms?

Question 31

Why are algae not considered parasitic?

Question 32

Which groups contain the multicellular algae?

Question 33

What are three ways that lichens are environmentally valuable?

Question 34

The protist shown in the picture has which of the following?
a. pseudopodia
b. flagella
c. a shell
d. cilia

Question 35

Protist taxonomy has changed greatly in recent years as relationships have been re-examined using newer approaches. How do newer approaches differ from older approaches?

Question 36

What characteristics might make you think a protist could be pathogenic? Are certain nutritional characteristics, methods of locomotion, or morphological differences likely to be associated with the ability to cause disease?

Question 37

Given the life cycle of the Schistosoma parasite, suggest a method of prevention of the disease.

Question 38

Which of the drawings shows septate hyphae?

Question 39

Explain the benefit of research into the pathways involved in the synthesis of chitin in fungi.