Deck 16: Prevention of Substance Abuse

Question 1

Central to prevention is the early identification of drug problems.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The advertising efforts of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America are examples of the model of prevention.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Establishing firm taboos on drunkenness is one of the proposals in the model of prevention.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Answer 3

A

Question 4

prevention is used in the legal system response to substance misuse.

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 5

Which of the models of prevention is the most statistical and mathematical in nature?

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Question 6

Wilkinson proposes that society should allow the serving of alcohol only .

A)to those over 21
B)at supervised public events
C)when food is available
D)to individuals who are not going to drive

Question 7

According to the distribution of consumption model, which of the following factors are correlated?

A)liquor store density and prevalence of alcohol-related disease
B)number of underage drinkers and parental abuse
C)heavy alcohol consumption and environmental cues
D)per capita consumption and number of heavy drinkers

Question 8

A TV spot emphasizing the need not to let friends drive drunk would be an example of prevention.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 9

prevention includes treating persons who are beyond the early stages of substance abuse or dependence.

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 10

Who is a candidate for tertiary prevention efforts?

A)Vonda, who lost her job after doing cocaine daily for eight months
B)Liam, who is entering high school and noticing classmates who smoke
C)Rick, who is starting to forget what happens on his Saturday pub nights
D)Thuy, who is getting ready to leave a residential alcohol abuse program

Question 11

What is the goal of the sociocultural model of prevention?

A)changes in social norms regarding drinking
B)cessation of drinking
C)limiting the availability of alcohol
D)All of these are correct.

Question 12

Advertising and education approaches to the problem of driving after drinking follow the model of prevention.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)None of these are correct.

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the propositions of the distribution of consumption model?

A)The proportion of heavy alcohol users in a given population is positively correlated with the mean level of alcohol consumption in that population.
B)Societies should reduce the negative consequences of alcohol use by restricting the availability of alcohol.
C)The proportion of heavy alcohol users in a given population is positively correlated to the proportion of drug abusers.
D)Heavy alcohol consumption increases the probability of negative alcohol-related consequences.

Question 14

The "Just Say No" advertising campaign is an example of prevention.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 15

Substance abuse treatment is basically equivalent to prevention.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 16

The pioneering work in the development of the distribution of consumption model was done by .

A)Rupert Wilkinson
B)Nancy Reagan
C)Sully Ledermann
D)William Bennett

Question 17

One goal of prevention is development of responsible attitudes and/or substance use behaviors.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 18

Educational programs used with youthful offenders first arrested for drug possession are an example of prevention.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a part of the sociocultural model of prevention?

A)Unacceptable drinking should be defined.
B)Drinking should be integrated into a broader social context.
C)Society should raise the price of alcohol relative to disposable income.
D)Alcohol should be served only when food is available.

Question 20

According to critics, applying the sociocultural model of prevention in the United States is unrealistic due to which of the following issues?

A)cost
B)media saturation
C)diversity
D)literacy

Question 21

Which of the following is not true of mass media prevention strategies?

A)They produce significant changes in attitudes.
B)They raise knowledge levels.
C)Most campaigns regarding alcohol abuse in recent years have focused on decreasing the incidence of driving under the influence.
D)Most involve short slogan-type messages.

Question 22

When are students most likely to respond to smoking education programs?

A)2nd grade
B)6th grade
C)9th grade
D)12th grade

Question 23

Where are alcohol prevention efforts most likely to be effective?

A)elementary school
B)junior high school
C)high school
D)college

Question 24

Raising the price of alcohol relative to disposable income is an example of a prevention strategy following the model.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Question 25

Which of the following is not true of the proscriptive model?

A)It is the most effective of the three prevention strategies.
B)Availability of the substance should be prohibited.
C)Individuals should abstain from substance use.
D)It is currently used in prevention of marijuana use in most states.

Question 26

_When were the personal feelings and values of participants a key focus of prevention programs?

A)1980s
B)1990s
C)2000s
D)2010s

Question 27

argue(s) that lowering the legal drinking age from 21 to 18 years of age would reduce binge drinking on college campuses.

A)MADD
B)The Governor's Highway Safety Association
C)The Amethyst Initiative
D)Rupert Wilkinson
E)All of these are correct.

Question 28

Vocational training or developing a new hobby would be elements of a(n) prevention program.

A)affect-oriented
B)alternative behavior
C)resistance-skills training
D)harm reduction

Question 29

The Principles of Drug Abuse Prevention published by NIDA in 2003 do not address .

A)the family
B)school
C)the community
D)the workplace

Question 30

School alcohol education classes are an example of prevention.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 31

are the most frequently used vehicles for mass media prevention efforts.

A)Newspapers
B)TV and radio
C)Billboards
D)Films

Question 32

According to NIDA's principles covering prevention program delivery, such programs are most effective when they .

A)are online
B)are temperament-based
C)are interactive
D)are standardized

Question 33

Which of the following are criticisms of the distribution of consumption model?

A)It does not recognize that normal drinkers and heavy drinkers may react differently to reductions in alcohol availability.
B)It provides no insights as to why people drink.
C)It may increase bootlegging.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 34

The Prohibition era in the United States followed the model.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Question 35

The Drug Abuse Resistance Education program is typically aimed at graders.

A)3rd and 4th
B)5th and 6th
C)8th and 9th
D)11th and 12th

Question 36

DARE programs are led by .

A)parents
B)teachers
C)law enforcement officers
D)counselors

Question 37

programs typically emphasize exploration of one's own needs and beliefs regarding drugs.

A)Worksite
B)Alternative behavior
C)Resistance-skills training
D)Affect-oriented

Question 38

Which of the following is not true of school education strategies?

A)In the past, teachers often were not trained in alcohol education.
B)Students increase drug use in the short run.
C)Students increase their knowledge about substances.
D)Education significantly changes drug use patterns.

Question 39

Which of the following is not a focus of temperament-based prevention programs?

A)thrill seeking
B)anxiety
C)impulsiveness
D)peer pressure

Question 40

Legislation requiring warning labels on alcoholic beverages became law in .

A)1921
B)1948
C)1972
D)1989

Question 41

Server interventions or dram shop laws arise from the model of prevention.

A)sociocultural
B)distribution of consumption
C)proscriptive
D)harm reduction

Question 42

In workplace programs, prevention often involves identifying substance abusers and arranging for treatment.

A)primary
B)secondary
C)tertiary
D)None of these are correct.

Question 43

Alcohol abusers would be the ones most likely to respond to increases in prices.

Question 44

What percentage of college students report having experienced alcohol-related academic problems?

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 45

How much does alcohol abuse cost the U.S.economy each year?

A)$100 billion
B)$200 billion
C)$400 billion
D)$700 billion

Question 46

Harm-reduction policies are beginning to be seen as a(n) approach toward substance abuse.

A)costly
B)unattainable
C)irresponsible
D)pragmatic

Question 47

Raising the minimum drinking age is an example of a distribution of consumption model strategy.

Question 48

Research has shown that a temperament-based intervention being offered in Canada and Australia can prevent onset of alcohol or drug use for as long as .

A)10 months
B)18 months
C)3 years
D)5 years

Question 49

policies focus on decreasing the negative consequences of drug use for the individual and the community.

A)Sociocultural prevention
B)Distribution of consumption
C)Proscriptive prevention
D)Harm-reduction

Question 50

Which of the following is not an example of a "social norms approach" information dissemination strategy used by college campuses?

A)web sites
B)DARE programs
C)orientation programs
D)campus posters
E)All of these are commonly used strategies.

Question 51

One advantage of the sociocultural model is that it is applicable to every part of the world.

Question 52

NIDA's Principles of Drug Abuse Prevention suggest different targets for prevention efforts for different stages of schooling from preschool through high school.

Question 53

What proportion of college students are believed to meet the criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder?

A)8%
B)14%
C)20%
D)26%

Question 54

The main strength of the proscriptive model is its simplicity.

Question 55

In the context of substance abuse prevention efforts, what is being prevented is universal.

Question 56

Which of the following describes workplace strategies?

A)Their effectiveness is rarely measured.
B)Most programs focus on primary rather than secondary prevention.
C)They are widespread.
D)All of these are correct.

Question 57

The goals of tertiary prevention are to avoid further deterioration of individuals' functioning.

Question 58

The University of Washington's program uses a harm-reduction philosophy.

A)DARE
B)MADD
C)BASICS
D)SMART

Question 59

Which of the following decreased after students participated in the University of Washington's prevention program?

A)number of drinks per week
B)peak blood alcohol level reached per week
C)hour per week with a blood alcohol level exceeding .05590
D)All of these are correct.

Question 60

Prevention has consistently been given high priority by professionals over the years.

Question 61

Campaigns on drunk driving consistently raise knowledge levels.

Question 62

Evaluations of programs that focus on developing alternatives to drug use have not revealed any particular benefits in terms of substance use behavior.

Question 63

The mission of the Amethyst Initiative is to raise the legal drinking age in an effort to decrease social problems related to the behavior.

Question 64

A disadvantage to employers of workplace substance abuse prevention is its cost.

Question 65

Describe the Amethyst Initiative.Do you think this is an effective strategy to decrease problems arising from alcohol use? Explain your reasoning.

Question 66

Describe the proscriptive model.What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.

Question 67

One problem with alcohol education programs is that they focus on children when they are too young to form attitudes about alcohol.

Question 68

What are the characteristics of harm-reduction prevention policies?

Question 69

Empirical research evaluating the DARE program has demonstrated strong support for the program's effectiveness.

Question 70

Describe the sociocultural model of prevention.What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.

Question 71

What is Project DARE? How has it been implemented? What do evaluations of these programs tell us?

Question 72

Describe the distribution of consumption model.What are its strengths and weaknesses? Give examples.

Question 73

A current trend in prevention programs is to focus on the use of gateway drugs.

Question 74

State laws regarding high school alcohol and drug education have not been translated in any systematic way into comprehensive instructional programs.

Question 75

Parents have not been used in prevention programs because, too often, they are the problem.

Question 76

The Preventure temperament-based program focuses on personal traits such as hopelessness and impulsiveness.

Question 77

Education and mass media strategies get the majority of resources allotted to prevention programs.