Deck 3: Drugs and the Nervous System

Question 1

receptors are sometimes termed "fast" receptors because the entire process is completed in just a few milliseconds.

A)Particle
B)Channel
C)Ionotropic
D)Metabotropic

Answer 1

C

Question 2

If a neurotransmitter is viewed as a key, what structure would be viewed as the lock?

A)the axon
B)the synapse
C)the receptor
D)the axon terminal
E)None of these are correct.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The myelin on a neuron acts as .

A)a conduit
B)insulation
C)a generator
D)a lock

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Drugs are believed to act on the nervous system by .

A)affecting the deactivation of neurotransmitters
B)mimicking the effects of neurotransmitters
C)changing the shape of the synapse
D)Both a and b are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following processes are responsible for removing neurotransmitters from the synapse?

A)enzyme breakdown
B)reuptake
C)spontaneous disintegration
D)Both a and b are correct.

Question 6

The space between neurons is the .

A)axon
B)axon terminal
C)dendrite
D)synapse

Question 7

Neurotransmitters are released from the .

A)axon terminal
B)dendrites
C)receptor sites
D)synapse

Question 8

Axons are frequently covered with a sheath known as .

A)dopamine
B)the exoskeleton
C)myelin
D)the dendritic membrane

Question 9

A compound that occupies a receptor but does not activate the neuron is known as a(n) .

A)agonist
B)antagonist
C)enzyme
D)neurotransmitter

Question 10

Which of the following correctly pairs a monoamine neurotransmitter with its related area of function?

A)norepinephrine - sleep
B)dopamine - movement
C)serotonin - hunger
D)GABA - pain

Question 11

The neurotransmitter that is active at the neuromuscular junction is .

A)acetylcholine
B)dopamine
C)myosin
D)serotonin

Question 12

A receptor that increases the likelihood of a neuron firing is considered to be .

A)catalytic
B)electrical
C)positive
D)excitatory

Question 13

Neurotransmitters are stored in packages known as .

A)dendrites
B)vesicles
C)receptor sites
D)axons

Question 14

The transmission of information at the synapse is .

A)chemical
B)ontogenetic
C)electrical
D)All of these are correct.

Question 15

The neurotransmitter thought to be critical in the development of Alzheimer's disease is .

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)acetylcholine
D)serotonin

Question 16

The electrical activity along the axon that occurs when a neuron fires is called ¬¬¬ .

A)modal current
B)action potential
C)metabotropic activity
D)tomography

Question 17

Which of the following is an amino acid neurotransmitter?

A)dopamine
B)glutamate
C)serotonin
D)acetylcholine

Question 18

are specialized molecules released by metabotropic receptors that may open ion channels and may initiate the synthesis of second messengers.

A)Beta-blockers
B)Anandamides
C)G proteins
D)Monoamines

Question 19

regulate the number of charged molecules inside and outside a neuron.

A)Metabotropic receptors
B)Ion channels
C)G proteins
D)Synapses

Question 20

Which of the following breaks down neurotransmitters so they cannot enter a receptor site?

A)amino acids
B)enzymes
C)proteins
D)hormones

Question 21

Heroin and other opiate drugs are thought to be functionally similar to .

A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)endorphins
D)GABA
E)serotonin

Question 22

The brain's major inhibitory neurotransmitter is .

A)endorphin
B)L-dopa
C)GABA
D)serotonin

Question 23

The brain structure that controls primary drives like hunger and thirst is the .

A)hippocampus
B)occipital cortex
C)hypothalamus
D)medulla

Question 24

, a disease characterized by severe muscle weakness and fatigue, is caused by a blockage of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

A)Alzheimer's disease
B)Parkinson's disease
C)Muscular dystrophy
D)Myasthenia gravis

Question 25

Which of the following is not a monoamine?

A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)endorphin
D)norepinephrine

Question 26

The blood-brain barrier serves what type of function?

A)wall
B)lock
C)filter
D)messenger

Question 27

Which of the following is not considered a sympathomimetic drug?

A)cocaine
B)methamphetamine
C)LSD
D)marijuana

Question 28

What neurotransmitter is implicated in schizophrenia?

A)dopamine
B)norepinephrine
C)acetylcholine
D)GABA

Question 29

LSD acts as an agonist for which of the following neurotransmitters?

A)glutamate
B)serotonin
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine

Question 30

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated during emotional arousal is the .

A)parasympathetic branch
B)sympathetic branch
C)central branch
D)peripheral branch

Question 31

Recent research on adult neurogenesis has focused on the .

A)hippocampus
B)pons
C)medulla
D)thalamus

Question 32

Progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions are key symptoms of .

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 33

Which of the following will exert the strongest inhibitory action in the brain?

A)acetylcholine
B)serotonin
C)norepinephrine
D)GABA

Question 34

Progressive deterioration of motor control is a key symptom of .

A)Parkinson's disease
B)schizophrenia
C)serotonin syndrome
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 35

Which of the following is most abundant in your brain?

A)dopamine
B)reserpine
C)GABA
D)serotonin

Question 36

What neurotransmitter is primarily implicated in Parkinson's disease?

A)dopamine
B)glycine
C)norepinephrine
D)serotonin

Question 37

Which of the following is not one of the major divisions of the human brain?

A)hindbrain
B)midbrain
C)forebrain
D)subbrain

Question 38

Which of the following neurotransmitters is thought to modulate pain relief?

A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)GABA
D)endorphin

Question 39

Which of the following is used to treat Parkinson's disease?

A)monoamine oxidase
B)aricept
C)L-dopa
D)thorazine

Question 40

Which of the following neurotransmitters is mimicked by the active chemical in marijuana?

A)anandamide
B)acetylcholine
C)GABA
D)endorphin

Question 41

Neural firing is "all-or-none."

Question 42

Chronic drug use can lead to a reduction in the amount of neurotransmitters produced in the brain.

Question 43

The stumbling that can occur in people who are drunk is likely due to alcohol's effect on the .

A)hippocampus
B)cerebellum
C)central sulcus
D)basal ganglia

Question 44

Degradation of the causes Parkinson's disease.

A)medulla
B)thalamus
C)substantia nigra
D)hippocampus

Question 45

A compound that occupies and activates a receptor site is called an antagonist.

Question 46

The Phineas Gage case offered researchers key insights into the prefrontal cortex's role in .

A)impulse control
B)auditory processing
C)memory storage
D)stress management

Question 47

The space between neurons is the axon.

Question 48

Magnetic resonance imaging is a method used to .

A)measure voltage in a single neuron
B)create a three-dimensional image of the brain
C)determine which chemicals are active at a given synapse
D)none of these

Question 49

Recent brain imaging research suggests that drug craving is associated with activity in the .

A)hypothalamus
B)hippocampus
C)temporal lobe
D)limbic areas

Question 50

Damage to which area of the brain would be most life-threatening due to its role in basic human functions?

A)pons
B)cerebellum
C)hypothalamus
D)medulla oblongata

Question 51

Which of the following makes "sense" of what we take in through our senses?

A)superior colliculi
B)cerebellum
C)thalamus
D)basal ganglia

Question 52

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that is released at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 53

Which of the following is often referred to as the "pleasure center"?

A)the medulla
B)the thalamus
C)the cerebellum
D)mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway

Question 54

The brain structure thought to be critical to the storage of memories is the .

A)hippocampus
B)cerebellum
C)hypothalamus
D)basal ganglia

Question 55

Which of the following techniques involves injecting radioactive isotopes into the brain?

A)CAT scan
B)PET scan
C)MRI
D)none of these

Question 56

Most neurotransmitters bind to several different receptor subtypes.

Question 57

All neurotransmitters that do not lock into receptors are broken down by an enzymatic process.

Question 58

Naloxone can revive people from a heroin overdose due to its antagonistic properties.

Question 59

Neural transmission is said to be electrical at the synapse.

Question 60

are structures in the midbrain that form part of the auditory system.

A)The substantia nigra
B)The reticular activating system
C)The inferior colliculi
D)The superior colliculi

Question 61

Describe three imaging technologies used for the brain and discuss a benefit of each technology.

Question 62

Describe the key components of a neuron.

Question 63

List the monoamine neurotransmitters and the bodily function to which each one is linked.

Question 64

Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the pathways that regulate coordinated motor movements.

Question 65

The botulinum toxin achieves its deadly effects by blocking the release of dopamine at the neuromuscular junction.

Question 66

PET scan technology has limited clinical value because it can only focus on the brain's structural components.

Question 67

Monoamines are strongly associated with mood.

Question 68

Describe the two processes through which unused neurotransmitters are removed from the synapse.

Question 69

Explain the difference between agonist and antagonist functions of neurotransmitters.Give an example of each.

Question 70

The mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway is the brain center involved with memory.

Question 71

New neurons continue to develop in the human brain even after a person reaches adulthood.

Question 72

GABA is the neurotransmitter thought to be critical in depression.

Question 73

The hypothalamus is involved with the storage of memories.

Question 74

Explain how the autonomic nervous system functions when a person encounters a growling bear on a hiking trail -
which then runs away into the woods.

Question 75

The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord.

Question 76

The psychoactive effects of marijuana are believed to be caused by its mimicry of a lipid.

Question 77

Suicidal behavior in depressed individuals has been linked to excessive serotonin activity.

Question 78

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that controls balance.

Question 79

The autonomic nervous system is composed of the sympathetic branch and the peripheral branch.