Deck 12: Aggression

Question 1

Which of the following conditions must be met for punishment to effectively reduce future violence?

A)The punishment must not be severe
B)The punishment must be administered after a delay
C)The punishment must seem like a logical outcome
D)None of the above; punishment almost never reduces future violence

Answer 1

The punishment must seem like a logical outcome

Question 2

Which of the following has NOT been shown to cause aggression?

A)being too hot
B)being too cold
C)being frustrated
D)instinct

Answer 2

being too cold

Question 3

Where in the U.S.are people most likely to retaliate after an insult?

A)Southern states
B)New England
C)Midwest
D)West Coast states

Answer 3

Southern states

Question 4

People are more likely to act aggressively after a frustrating event if they are prevented from ruminating about it afterward.

Question 5

The negative reciprocity norm tends to decrease aggression.

Question 6

Jayden and Eli live on the same floor in the dorm.They heard that another person on their floor was sexually assaulted at a fraternity party last weekend.Jayden is upset, but feels like sexually assault is unavoidable on college campuses.Eli has friends at the fraternity and thinks that the victim was probably flirting too much and led the perpetrator on.Eli thinks that the perpetrator is a good person who just made a drunken mistake.Jayden and Eli demonstrate which of the following beliefs in their conversation?

A)Rape myths
B)Victim-blame
C)Rape culture
D)All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true of sexual assault?

A)Men who commit sexual assault are more likely to hold the belief that women secretly desire to be raped than men who do not sexually assault
B)Alcohol is often involved in sexual assault
C)Money is a main trigger of sexual assault
D)Victims of sexual assault often know the perpetrator

Question 8

Zoltan is walking down the hallway, feels a hard push on his back, and stumbles forward.He turns around to see Josh standing behind him.Based on attribution of intent, Zoltan is less likely to aggress if he perceives that Josh's action was ____________.If Josh apologizes, it's important that he seems ___________ otherwise he may further provoke Zoltan to aggress.

A)Unintentional; genuine
B)Unintentional; rapid
C)Intentional; genuine
D)Intentional; rapid

Question 9

Which of the following is characteristic of a society with high levels of sexual assault?

A)Regular separation of men and women
B)Cultural beliefs that men should dominate women
C)High level of interpersonal violence
D)All of the above

Question 10

Based on the frustration-aggression hypothesis, which of the following people is MOST likely to aggress?

A)Evelyn, who is angry that her little brother accidentally spilled juice on her new sweater
B)Mitchell, whose has just been shoved out of the way by a bigger, stronger man
C)Rudy, a child who had to watch other children play with toys for 20 minutes before he was allowed to play with toys
D)Jennifer, whose co-worker just approached her to apologize for mistreating Jennifer earlier in the day

Question 11

Which of the following does NOT represent aggression?

A)A woman intentionally kills an intruder to protect herself
B)A man rushing to make a train accidentally knocks over an old lady
C)A girl pushes her classmate in retaliation for a verbal insult
D)A and B are not examples of aggression

Question 12

After a long day of work, Carla drives home in rush hour traffic.Her air conditioning is broken and the temperature on the highway is in triple digits.When she arrives home, she sees that her housemate has parked in her spot.After finding another spot around the corner, Carla enters her home, slams the doors, throws her bag across the room, and curses loudly.___________ is the situational influence that most likely impacted Carla's aggressive behavior.

A)Stress
B)Behavioral modeling
C)A norm
D)Potential reward

Question 13

"Victim-blame" is the tendency for victims of sexual assault to blame external factors like alcohol.

Question 14

Drew notices that whenever his aunt is upset, she goes into the garage to kick a punching bag.When she returns, she is usually calmer.The next time that Drew is upset, he goes to his room and kicks a beanbag chair.___________ best explains Drew's aggressive behavior.

A)Aversive emotional arousal
B)Frustration-aggression hypothesis
C)Social learning
D)Instinct

Question 15

The presence of a weapon can activate thoughts about aggression.

Question 16

Ray collects comic books and loaned a stack of them to a cousin.When the cousin returned the books, the pages were torn and smudged with food.Ray was very upset so went to the local park to throw a lacrosse ball against a wall repeatedly.Which strategy did Ray use to reduce aggression against the cousin?

A)Reducing frustration
B)Punishment
C)Catharsis
D)Nonaggressive models

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a reason why behavioral modeling can increase aggression?

A)Models demonstrate that aggressive acts are possible in a given situation
B)Models show that aggressive acts are appropriate in a situation
C)Models demonstrate that the rewards of acting aggressively are worth the risks
D)Models increase observer's frustration after a goal has been thwarted

Question 18

Catharsis has been shown to increase aggression.

Question 19

Which is the following is true about the link between money and violence?

A)Violence is more common in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods than in wealthy neighborhoods
B)The stress of financial hardship is more likely to cause aggression in women than men
C)Perceiving one's neighbors as trustworthy can decrease rates of aggression in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods
D)A and C are true

Question 20

Which of the following explains why watching violent TV programs can cause aggressive behavior?

A)People become hyper-sensitive to violence and suffering, and they deal with these uncomfortable feelings by acting more aggressively
B)Viewing images of violence primes aggressive thoughts and attitudes
C)The sedentary activity of watching TV tends to decrease physiological arousal, which people counteract by engaging in high arousal aggressive behavior
D)None of the above

Question 21

Aggressive individuals have higher exposure to violent media (e.g., watch violent TV shows).

Question 22

Murders and aggravated assaults typically involve a male perpetrator and a female victim.

Question 23

Which theory or hypothesis best explains road rage and why? Write a road rage scenario, applying this hypothesis.According to that hypothesis, name two factors that could lead to more aggressive behavior.

Question 24

Bennet is angry and upset after being cut from the soccer team.Bennet arrives home and shouts at the family's dog.Bennet is engaging in affective aggression.

Question 25

What are the three characteristic of the target that influence aggression? For each characteristic, provide an example of a scenario in which a person would be more likely to be a target of aggression.

Question 26

Non-aggressive pornography may cause sexual aggression in some men.

Question 27

Research suggest that long-term exposure to violence in video games is necessary in order to establish a connection to aggression; short-term exposure does not produce this connection.

Question 28

Violence between people of different races or ethnicities is more common than violence between people of the same race.

Question 29

Research suggests that violence on TV or in other media can directly increase aggression through five processes.Name and briefly define three of these processes.In comparison, the relationship between violent videogames and aggression is indirect.Describe one of the indirect ways in which violent video games may lead to aggression.

Question 30

Sexual assault is solely rooted in individual motivations like the desire to dominate, humiliate, or injure.

Question 31

Explain instinct theories of aggression.On what basis do some social psychologists critique those theories.

Question 32

Norms about masculinity help explain violent behavior in men.

Question 33

Mimo and Merinda raise their children using non-punitive practices and solve their own conflict in a nonviolent manner.Their children are likely to become nonviolent adults.

Question 34

What are the four strategies to reduce aggression in individuals? Provide an example of two.Describe a situation in which one of the four strategies could increase aggression.

Question 35

Unpopular children behave aggressively to receive attention, including negative attention.