Deck 36: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of joints? The joints between the teeth and the maxilla or mandible are examples of a:

A) Symphysis
B) Diarthrosis
C) Gomphosis
D) Syndesmosis

Answer 1

Gomphosis

Question 2

A nurse recalls fibrous joints generally are:

A) Rotating
B) Slightly movable
C) Freely movable
D) Calcified

Answer 2

Slightly movable

Question 3

A staff member asks a nurse how blood gets to the bone.How should the nurse reply? Blood vessels penetrate to the inner structures of the bone via:

A) Volkmann canals
B) Canaliculi
C) Sharpey fibers
D) Lamellae

Answer 3

Volkmann canals

Question 4

Which layer forms the fascicles in skeletal muscle?

A) Tendon sheath
B) Endomysium
C) Epimysium
D) Perimysium

Question 5

When a staff member asks where costal cartilage is located,how should the nurse respond? Between the:

A) Vertebrae
B) Ribs and sternum
C) Sutures of the skull
D) Facial bones

Question 6

The epimysium,perimysium,and endomysium are made of:

A) Bone
B) Epithelium
C) Fascia
D) Cartilage

Question 7

Which of the following should the nurse include when discussing the different types of cartilaginous joints?

A) Sutures and gomphosis
B) Syndesmosis and gomphosis
C) Symphysis and synchondrosis
D) Gomphosis and synchondrosis

Question 8

A nurse recalls the elbow joint is an example of a(n):

A) Amphiarthrosis
B) Diarthrosis
C) Synarthrosis
D) Symphysis

Question 9

When a staff member asks the nurse about the contractile unit of a muscle,how should the nurse reply? The contractile unit of a muscle cell is called the:

A) Motor unit
B) Basement membrane
C) Myofibril
D) Ribosome

Question 10

Which information indicates the nursing student has a good understanding between compact bone and spongy bone? The major difference between compact bone and spongy bone is the:

A) Organization of the structural elements
B) Location within the body
C) Activating chemicals in each
D) Types of minerals in the bone matrix

Question 11

A clinician is preparing to teach about bone matrix.Which information should be included? The component of the bone matrix that gives bone tensile strength is:

A) Calcium
B) Phosphate
C) Collagen
D) Magnesium

Question 12

Which information indicates the nurse has a good understanding of osteoblasts? Once their initial function is complete,osteoblasts become:

A) Osteoclasts
B) Osteocytes
C) Chondroblasts
D) Osteoids

Question 13

A nurse is preparing to teach the staff about bones.Which information should the nurse include? After puberty,the epiphyseal plate calcifies,and the epiphysis and _____ merge.

A) Epiphyseal line
B) Diaphyseal plate
C) Metaphysis
D) Articular cartilage

Question 14

An isolated muscle is believed to be a type II fiber.Which of the following should be observed by the nurse when the muscle is stimulated?

A) The muscle has slow contraction speed.
B) The muscle is fatigued easily.
C) The muscle has a profuse capillary supply.
D) The muscle has no fascia.

Question 15

A clinician is preparing to discuss hydroxyapatite.Which information should be included? Hydroxyapatite in the bone matrix contains which of the following molecules in its crystalline structure?

A) Calcium and magnesium
B) Calcium and phosphate
C) Phosphate and magnesium
D) Magnesium and hydrogen

Question 16

An isolated muscle is believed to be a type 1 fiber.Which of the following should be observed by the nurse when the muscle is stimulated?

A) The muscle resists fatigue.
B) The muscle tires easily.
C) The muscle will not contract.
D) The muscle has no fascia.

Question 17

When a staff member asks how remodeling of bone occurs,what is the nurse's best response? Remodeling is done by clusters of bone cells called:

A) Precursor stimulating cells
B) Osteoclastic cutting cones
C) Basic multicellular units
D) Haversian system cells

Question 18

When the physical therapist is describing a freely movable joint,which term should be used?

A) Synarthrosis
B) Amphiarthrosis
C) Fibrous
D) Diarthrosis

Question 19

A nurse is discussing the different phases of bone remodeling.Which information should be included? Phase 2 of the bone remodeling cycle involves bone:

A) Formation
B) Activation
C) Resorption
D) Fracturing

Question 20

Which information indicates the nurse understands osteocalcin? Osteocalcin is a:

A) Glycoprotein
B) Hormone
C) Mineral
D) Vitamin

Question 21

The nurse observed the patient's muscle contracted,but the limb did not move.How should the nurse chart this muscle contraction?

A) Isotonic contraction
B) Isometric contraction
C) Eccentric contraction
D) Concentric contraction

Question 22

A nurse is preparing to teach about myofibrils.Which information should the nurse include? The structure of the contractile subunit of the myofibril is called the:

A) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
B) Actin
C) Motor endplate
D) Sarcomere

Question 23

When the nurse is using the term "sarcopenia," what is the nurse describing? It is the:

A) Absence of muscle cells
B) Fatigue of muscle cells
C) Age-related loss in skeletal muscle
D) Muscles that are unable to contract

Question 24

While planning care for a patient with muscle problems,which information should the nurse remember? _____ ions directly control the contraction of muscles.

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium

Question 25

A nurse is preparing to teach about skeletal muscles.Which information should the nurse include? The terms used to describe skeletal muscle are (select all that apply):

A) Voluntary
B) Striated
C) Extrafusal
D) Fibrotic
E) Epithelial

Question 26

A patient has researched compact bones on the Internet.Which information indicates the patient has a good understanding of compact bone? The structures present in compact bone include the (select all that apply):

A) Haversian canals
B) Trabeculae
C) Canaliculi
D) Lamellae
E) Lacunae

Question 27

Which information indicates the staff member has a good understanding of bone classifications? The shapes that represent bone classifications include (select all that apply):

A) Long
B) Flat
C) Short
D) Irregular
E) Round

Question 28

The nursing student has a good understanding of glycoproteins when he states that the following glycoproteins are present in the bone? (Select all that apply.)

A) Osteocalcin
B) Sialoprotein
C) Bone albumin
D) Alpha-glycoprotein
E) Collagen

Question 29

A nursing student wants to know during which stage actin binds to myosin.What is the nurse's best response? During:

A) Coupling
B) Relaxation
C) Discharging
D) Excitation

Question 30

A nurse recalls that when a muscle acts as the prime mover,it is called the:

A) Flexor
B) Recruiter
C) Antagonist
D) Agonist

Question 31

When a patient asks what the fuel for skeletal muscle contraction is,how should the nurse respond? The main energy source or fuel for skeletal muscle contraction is:

A) Calcium
B) Lactic acid
C) Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
D) Actin

Question 32

A patient has researched muscles on the internet.Which information indicates the patient has a good understanding? The molecule that prevents a muscle contraction from occurring when the muscle is at rest is:

A) Calcium
B) Troponin-tropomyosin
C) Actin
D) Myosin

Question 33

The nurse has a good understanding of bone matrix when he comments that the following molecules are part of the bone matrix? (Select all that apply.)

A) Collagen fibers
B) Elastin fibers
C) Proteoglycans
D) Glycoproteins
E) Epithelial cells

Question 34

Which information indicates the nurse has a good understanding of synovial joints? The synovial joints in the body include the (select all that apply):

A) Syndesmosis type that connects two vertebrae
B) Spheroid type found in the shoulder
C) Hinge type found in the elbow
D) Gliding type found in the hand
E) Gomphosis joint in the mandible