Deck 11: Forgetting

Question 1

The Jenkins and Dallenback study of forgetting after sleep suggests that forgetting is a function of .

A)learning
B)fatigue
C)time
D)failure to use mnemonics

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The work of Levine and Murphy suggests that people are more likely to forget what they read if they .

A)agree with it
B)disagree with it
C)are ambivalent about it
D)wrote it

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Jack & Jill Jack and Jill go up a hill to fetch a pail of water.Jack falls down and breaks his crown and Jill thinks he
May have suffered a concussion.To test his memory, she asks him if he remembers what happened.
Refer to Jack & Jill.Jill is measuring forgetting by the method known as .

A)relearning
B)extinction
C)free recall
D)prompted recall

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When what we learned on Monday interferes with our ability to recall what we learned the following Tuesday, we speak of .

A)proactive interference
B)retroactive interference
C)overlearning
D)the training effect

Question 5

The first person to demonstrate the relationship between forgetting and degree of learning was probably .

A)Krueger
B)Ebbinghaus
C)Underwood
D)Dunlap

Question 6

Meaningful material is forgotten less readily than nonsense material.This shows the importance of .

A)insight
B)previous learning
C)subsequent learning
D)understanding

Question 7

Forgetting is the deterioration of .

A)performance
B)memory
C)mental processes
D)neurological tissue

Question 8

Kamil and Balda found that Clark's nutcrackers could recall the location of food caches for up to .

A)6 hours
B)6 days
C)6 weeks
D)6 months

Question 9

Riding a bicycle is an example of memory.

A)rotary
B)procedural
C)physical
D)muscular

Question 10

To measure forgetting, Ebbinghaus used the .

A)relearning method
B)extinction
C)free recall
D)prompted recall

Question 11

Jack & Jill Jack and Jill go up a hill to fetch a pail of water.Jack falls down and breaks his crown and Jill thinks he
May have suffered a concussion.To test his memory, she asks him if he remembers what happened.
Refer to Jack & Jill.It turns out that Jack can't remember anything that happened from the time he and
Jill started up the hill.Jill takes Jack up the hill again and finds that he remembers seeing the well before.
Jill is measuring forgetting by using .

A)relearning
B)extinction
C)free recall
D)prompted recall

Question 12

Forgetting can be studied by requiring the subject to match a stimulus presented earlier, a procedure called .

A)DMTS
B)MTSD
C)MTS
D)the extinction method

Question 13

The Chase and Simon study comparing chess masters and ordinary players showed that when chess pieces were arranged in random order, .

A)chess masters forgot less
B)ordinary players forgot less
C)chess masters and ordinary players forgot about the same amount
D)chess masters learned more and forgot more

Question 14

The first person to argue that the passage of time does not cause forgetting was probably .

A)Ebbinghaus
B)McGeoch
C)Steinmetz
D)Underwood

Question 15

Clark's nutcrackers apparently recall the location of something like food caches.

A)100
B)1,000
C)2,000
D)20,000

Question 16

Forgetting can be measured as a flattening of the generalization gradient, a procedure called gradient .

A)leveling
B)degradation
C)reduction
D)deterioration

Question 17

A study of immobilized cockroaches showed the importance of in forgetting.

A)sleep
B)state dependent learning
C)proactive interference
D)retroactive interference

Question 18

Ericsson and Chase found that "SF" could recall series of up to digits.

A)7
B)18
C)56
D)82

Question 19

One measure of forgetting is called delayed matching to sample.This procedures could be considered a form of .

A)relearning
B)extinction
C)free recall
D)prompted recall

Question 20

Perkins and Weyant found that maze running performance suffered when rats ran a maze that differed in color from the one used in training.This suggests that remembering involves .

A)generalization
B)extinction
C)reinforcement
D)shaping

Question 21

When forgetting occurs because the environment during recall is different from the environment during training, it is said to be .

A)cue-dependent
B)environment triggered
C)stimulus triggered
D)venue triggered

Question 22

Memories that cannot be expressed are called .

A)ineffable
B)nondeclarative
C)explicit
D)motoric

Question 23

Sir Frederick Barlett's classic study of forgetting used the story, .

A)The Tortoise and the Hare
B)The War of the Ghosts
C)The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit
D)Lassie Come Home

Question 24

Memories that can be expressed, particularly in words, are called memories.

A)declarative
B)verbal
C)implicit
D)linguistic

Question 25

The name Benton Underwood is associated with paired associate learning.

Question 26

One mnemonic system is called .

A)luria
B)raptor
C)FLASH
D)peg-word

Question 27

Harry Bahrick's studies of forgetting have involved retention intervals of up to .

A)five weeks
B)five months
C)five years
D)five decades

Question 28

Another term for episodic memory is memory.

A)autobiographical
B)ancestral
C)sequential
D)frame

Question 29

The "man who couldn't forget" was studied by .

A)Freud
B)Luria
C)Ebbinghaus
D)Underwood

Question 30

H.M.proved to be a great source of information about neural mechanisms in the retention of learning. His brain damage was caused by

A)a traffic accident
B)surgery to treat severe epilepsy
C)drug overdose
D)contact with a high voltage power line

Question 31

The names of the Great Lakes can be recalled with help of the acronym, .

A)HURON
B)HOMES
C)HOUSE
D)MOUSE

Question 32

Endel Tulving said that memories deal with "knowledge of the world."

A)semantic
B)episodic
C)linguistic
D)academic

Question 33

When measuring forgetting using the extinction method, the behavior studied is .

A)put on extinction before the retention interval
B)put on extinction after the retention interval
C)alternately extinguished and retrained
D)completely extinguished before training begins

Question 34

Loftus found that eyewitness reports are influenced by the words used to ask about the event.In one experiment, she found that use of the word "smashed" produced higher estimates of car speed than use of the word .

A)struck
B)banged
C)crashed
D)hit

Question 35

The organ that is most likely to be involved in the formation of long-term memories is the .

A)brain stem
B)punchinella
C)hippocampus
D)onacampus

Question 36

In learning, two stimuli, A and B, are presented, and the task is then to recall B when presented with
A)

A)AB
B)ABA
C)paired associate
D)conjoined stimulus

Question 37

John Donahoe and David Marrs trained a pigeon in a discrimination task.They found that the bird discriminated correctly after a retention interval of .

A)6 months
B)2 years
C)8 years
D)12 years

Question 38

A system for learning with flash cards is known by the acronym .

A)FLASH
B)SPDLN
C)SAFMEDS
D)IDANO

Question 39

According to the author of your text, the history of memory has been a story of .

A)metaphors
B)anagrams
C)experiments
D)scientific analysis

Question 40

Performance sometimes improves following a retention interval, a phenomenon known as .

A)facilitation
B)enhancement
C)recovery
D)reminiscence

Question 41

The "savings method" is one way of measuring forgetting.

Question 42

Describe Krueger's study of overlearning and its findings.

Question 43

Declarative knowledge is also called explicit knowledge.

Question 44

Forgetting is a deterioration in learned performance following a period without practice.

Question 45

The Jenkins and Dallenback study of forgetting after sleep suggests that forgetting is a function of learning.

Question 46

Some people say that what happened in Nazi Germany in the 1930s and 1940s could never happen here.
What have you learned about forgetting that would make you doubt the truth of this statement?

Question 47

The term minute or less.

Question 48

Semantic and episodic memories may involve the same facts.

Question 49

The measure of forgetting called gradient degradation has to do with extinction.

Question 50

Marjory memorized her part in the school play thoroughly in her apartment, but found that she couldn't remember her lines at rehearsal.Her trouble is consistent with the effects of context cues.

Question 51

H.M.can work on a puzzle day after day and have no recollection of having seen it before, yet his skill at the puzzle may improve.

Question 52

What did Harry Bahrick's study of Spanish reveal about the relationship between learning and forgetting?

Question 53

Bob is introduced to Matilda at a party.A few minutes later he is introduced to Harriet.When he meets Matilda again, he can't recall her name.This is most likely an example of interference.

Question 54

The length of the retention interval is unrelated to the degree of forgetting.

Question 55

The period between the end of a learning experience and its recall is called the
interval.