Deck 8: Social Reaction Theories of Crime

Question 1

_________________________ occurs when behaviors prior to the deviant behavior are looked at as clues that the individual was deviant all along.

A) Legal relativism
B) Retrospective interpretation
C) Secondary deviation
D) none of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Who was responsible for developing the "looking-glass self" concept?

A) George Mead
B) George Vold
C) Charles Cooley
D) Frank Tannenbaum

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Critical criminology is based n the works of what famous economist.

A) Steve Forbes
B) Warren Buffet
C) George Vold
D) Karl Marx

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Who developed the typology of deviant behavior?

A) Howard Becker
B) George Vold
C) Frank Tannenbaum
D) none of the above

Question 5

Secondary deviation refers to the occasional or situational behavior that may be excused or rationalized by the actor and/or the social audience.

Question 6

When an individual accepts the official label as deviant or criminal and begins to shape his/her behavior according the label, what has occurred?

A) primary deviation
B) secondary deviation
C) legal relativism
D) none of the above

Question 7

____________ theorists maintain that official reactions to law violations label people as criminals and ensnare them in a deviant identity.

A) Labeling
B) Learning
C) Psychological
D) Strain

Question 8

Developed the concept of crime and the legal order

A) Austin Turk
B) Richard Quinney
C) William Chambliss
D) Howard Becker

Question 9

Individuals who either serve as rule creators or rule enforcers based on the morality of an action are known as moral entrepreneurs.

Question 10

Who coined the term dramatization of evil?

A) Edwin Sutherland
B) George Vold
C) Frank Tannenbaum
D) Edwin Lemert

Question 11

Who developed the Social Reality of Crime?

A) Frank Tannenbaum
B) Richard Quinney
C) Edwin Lemert
D) Edwin Sutherland

Question 12

___________________ states that acts are neither inherently good nor evil; there are varying degrees of good and evil, and the social audience influences the label placed upon a specific behavior.

A) Legal relativism
B) Primary deviation
C) Master status
D) none of the above

Question 13

Which theorists came up with Group Conflict Theory?

A) Karl Marx
B) George Vold
C) Austin Turk
D) Richard Quinney

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of Becker's typologies

A) falsely accused
B) secretly accused
C) pure deviant
D) conformist

Question 15

Which theory argues that nothing should be done with or to children who violate the law?

A) labeling theory
B) radical nonintervention
C) retrospective interpretation
D) primary deviation

Question 16

Elaborated on Cooley's concept by focusing attention on the interaction between an emerging self and the perceptions of others' reaction to that self.

A) George Mead
B) Edwin Lemert
C) Howard Becker
D) Frank Tannenbaum

Question 17

Who developed the idea of radical nonintervention?

A) Frank Tannenbaum
B) Charles Cooley
C) Edwin Schur
D) Edwin Sutherland

Question 18

A public perception of behaviors or groups that greatly exaggerates their harm to society.

A) deviant act
B) crime
C) moral panic
D) master status

Question 19

Who developed the theory that included primary and secondary deviation?

A) Frank Tannenbaum
B) Charles Cooley
C) Edwin Lemert
D) Edwin Sutherland

Question 20

Labeling theory proponents argue that the individual is a constantly changing being who responds to others' reactions.

Question 21

Radical feminism sees women as dominated by men as a result of the disproportionate location of economic power among the men.

Question 22

Modern thinking generally views knowledge as egalitarian.

Question 23

One of the sequences leading to secondary deviation is formal community stigmatizations.

Question 24

The "birds of a feather" concept means that like individuals will reside together.

Question 25

The concept that suggests that an individual's understanding of self is primarily a reflection of our perceptions of how others react to us is known as retrospective interpretation.

Question 26

When a person or persons have certain assumed traits this called a master status.

Question 27

Richard Quinney's Social Reality of Crime is outlined in a set of 9 propositions.

Question 28

The idea of labeling typologies was developed by George Herbert Mead.

Question 29

Chambliss and Seidman argued that law does not represent the public interest, but those in power.

Question 30

Postmodernist believe that equal consideration should be extended to anyone's understanding of the world.