Deck 13: Putting It All Together: Lifespan Development in Action

Question 1

Kevin is curious about people's behavior on the subway. Who gets to leave first when the doors open? Who gets to enter first? So Kevin bought a day pass and settled in for eight hours of observation. Kevin is engaged in:

A) theorizing.
B) inquiry.
C) hypothesizing.
D) action research.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

An important contribution of the scientific analysis of human behavior over the last century was:

A) developmental psychology.
B) sociobiology.
C) solution of the nature/nurture debate.
D) functionalism.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Employers consistently use Facebook for:

A) screening potential employees.
B) market positions.
C) receive applications.
D) all of these

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The process of casual observation of behavior that will generate testable questions is called:

A) meditation.
B) theorizing.
C) inquiry.
D) surveying.

Question 5

Of the following theorists, whose approach to development can provide guidelines for the application of principles but does not have specific benchmarks for testing?

A) Piaget
B) Erikson
C) Gardner
D) Maslow

Question 6

Research that functions to apply results to changing the human condition is known as __________ research.

A) action
B) basic
C) theoretical
D) inquisitive

Question 7

One benefit of inquiry is:

A) generating ideas for research.
B) providing basic data for the formulation of an hypothesis.
C) allowing application of theories to real life.
D) all of these

Question 8

Why are theories important?

A) They represent "best guesses" and so they are the first place to start an investigation.
B) Anyone can generate a theory, so they are not restricted to scientific inquiry.
C) They are essential for constructing meaning out of facts.
D) Even though they are limited to social phenomena, they are useful.

Question 9

__________ involves investigating, questioning, and following a hunch to see what happens.

A) Inquiry
B) Methodology
C) Forensics
D) Surveying

Question 10

Which of the following occupations is directly related to developmental psychology?

A) nursing
B) art therapy
C) copy writer for a magazine targeted to adolescents
D) all of these

Question 11

Lifespan developmental psychology is important for which of the following areas?

A) advertising
B) business management
C) human resources
D) all of these

Question 12

Chlesea has received a grant to test her hypothesis that perceptions of homeless people change when interaction is increased. She plans to use the results of her investigation to influence public policy. Chelsea is engaged in:

A) action research.
B) basic research.
C) inquiry.
D) theoretical research.

Question 13

The discipline that investigates the changes in behaviors that occur across the lifespan is:

A) sociobiology.
B) developmental psychology.
C) cognitive psychology.
D) humanism.

Question 14

Of the following individuals, who is engaged in a career directly dependent on developmental psychology?

A) Kelsey, an expressive artist who gives free shows in the park
B) Mai, a traffic officer who works primarily in school zones
C) Cody, a practical nurse at a retirement facility
D) Jasmine, a chef at a restaurant that caters to an elite clientele

Question 15

__________ refers to formal methodology that involves collaborative investigation and co-learning to solve immediate problems and contribute to greater society.

A) Basic research
B) Theoretical research
C) Action research
D) Inquiry

Question 16

Of the following theorists, whose approach to development can most readily generate questions for direct testing?

A) Gardner
B) Piaget
C) Baltes and Staudinger
D) Frankl

Question 17

An important innovation in recent years that has influenced nearly every aspect of development is:

A) online gaming.
B) online dating.
C) Facebook.
D) email.

Question 18

Using experimental methods to put theory into practice and answer short-term questions is called __________ research.

A) action
B) achievement
C) hypothetical
D) inquisitive

Question 19

Applied research is synonymous with __________ research.

A) action
B) basic
C) general
D) hypothetical

Question 20

A critical feature of understanding human behaviors, like personality, is the recognition of:

A) the approach used for inquiry.
B) social and cultural influences.
C) ethnicity.
D) all of these

Question 21

Of the following individuals, who is engaged in an humanitarian effort?

A) Rebecca, a politician who is promoting lower tax rates for corporations
B) Jonathan, a military advisor who is striving to reduce nuclear armament
C) Nestore, a commuter who is considering buying a hybrid car to reduce fuel costs
D) Hannah, a kindergarten teacher who is considering a career change to stockbroker

Question 22

__________ refers to the consideration of all humans in the world as being closer because of advances in technology and communication.

A) Globalization
B) The free marketplace
C) The global community
D) The Free Trade Act

Question 23

Vasilios couldn't wait until he turned eighteen so that he could have his own Facebook account, regardless of the restrictions previously placed upon him by his parents. From a developmental perspective, Facebook represents __________ for Vasilios.

A) rebellion
B) self-actualization
C) movement in to the formal operations stage
D) a rite of passage

Question 24

The term __________ refers to an individual who is affected by the actions of a larger group or organization.

A) victim
B) participant
C) bystander
D) stakeholder

Question 25

Of the following groups, who would be considered a stakeholder in a corporation?

A) board members
B) employees
C) investors
D) all of these

Question 26

Malerie Pratt's efforts to build a safe home for some of Zambia's most desperate and exploited children are an example of:

A) globalization.
B) the power of Facebook.
C) humanitarian efforts.
D) the importance of recognizing political limitations.

Question 27

Because people are naturally involved in their lives, they are considered __________ in their own development.

A) stakeholders
B) bystanders
C) recipients
D) witnesses

Question 28

Which of the following is an organization dedicated to humanitarian efforts on a global scale?

A) Action Against Hunger
B) Doctor Without Borders
C) UNICEF
D) all of these

Question 29

Lifespan developmental psychology has changed as a result of influences from:

A) politics.
B) economics.
C) social factors.
D) all of these

Question 30

One lesson from the universal access to information on the Internet is:

A) to be sure honest entries, especially in terms of prison records or reprimands by a former employer, are clearly posted.
B) personal information is rarely considered important other than to close friends.
C) the importance of discretion and personal boundaries.
D) to include complete accounts of potentially damaging events in life so that your side of the story is represented.

Question 31

The Dalai Lama has said that "we all have to develop a greater sense of universal responsibility . . . for the benefit of all mankind." The Dalai Lama is encouraging us to recognize our role as:

A) bystanders in the process of globalization.
B) investors in the human relations.
C) stakeholders in the global condition.
D) victims of megacorporations.

Question 32

Alex is a physician who spends his vacations in Peru performing facial reconstruction on children without health care. Alex is part of an organization that promotes:

A) globalization.
B) humanitarian efforts.
C) the World Trade Act.
D) humanism.

Question 33

Which of the following is a benefit of online social networks like Facebook?

A) increased access to information for special interest groups like parents
B) opportunities to work together to alleviate human suffering
C) bring together individuals who otherwise would be isolated
D) all of these

Question 34

__________ efforts are those dedicated to improving the lives of human beings.

A) Humanist
B) Existential
C) Humanitarian
D) Global

Question 35

As it is restricted to certain age groups, __________ have become a form of rites of passage in today's world.

A) walkabouts
B) online social sites
C) school graduations
D) acceptance into jobs that require higher education degrees

Question 36

On a trip to Africa for an educational exchange program, Malerie Pratt recognized the shocking need of children in poverty. Since then, Malerie rallied friends and people across the world to help build a family-styled orphanage in Zambia for the most disadvantaged children. Clearly, Malerie is:

A) a member of the global community.
B) a typical student from her exchange program.
C) an avid Facebook client.
D) in the fourth stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development.

Question 37

The ultimate outcome of humanitarian efforts is:

A) to better the chances for survival.
B) to increase the economic wealth of developing nations.
C) to ensure that we reach self-actualization.
D) to foster communication across the world.

Question 38

As evidenced by her efforts to bring relief to children across the globe, Malerie's construction of an orphanage in Zambia recognizes she is a __________ in the world's condition.

A) stakeholder
B) bystander
C) recipient
D) witness

Question 39

Kyle presented a resume to a high profile law firm and was confident that he would get the job. Even though he was well known as a "party animal," Kyle graduated from a prestigious university and interned at a well-known city court. After a promising interview, Kyle was stunned when he was not selected. In view of the resources available to employers today, what is a likely reason for Kyle's missed opportunity?

A) The employer saw behaviors on Kyle's Facebook account that didn't fit their image.
B) The employer gained access to Kyle's email account and read unflattering comments.
C) People within the firm knew Kyle from a dating service.
D) Other applicants had more aesthetic and intellectual Facebook accounts.

Question 40

__________ is the concept that people are united in common interests relating to health and basic freedoms.

A) Globalization
B) The global community
C) Altruism
D) Morality

Question 41

A consequence for schools whose children do not perform adequately on standardized test of basic skills is:

A) reduction of federal financial support.
B) increased hiring of teachers to provide additional instruction.
C) more paid in-service days to train teachers on curriculum addressing the exams.
D) greater attention to local curricula to capitalize on individual student needs.

Question 42

The currently valued outcome for evaluating Social Security programs by the U.S. government is:

A) how spending patterns have changed since the program was instituted by F.D. Roosevelt.
B) how well the benefits are assisting the new generations of the "old" old.
C) on the amount of dollars allocated and what new possibilities exist for either spending or reallocating the funds.
D) how the spending patterns benefit elderly recipients.

Question 43

__________ receive the third largest amount of federal grant support in the United States.

A) Health issues
B) Education, training, employment and social services
C) Income security
D) Police, fire and emergency services

Question 44

Courtney is an instructor in a small school in rural Maine. What will be the impact of the No Child Left Behind legislation on her classes?

A) She will be expected to prepare her students for nationally standardized tests rather than focus on her resources and the experiences of her children.
B) She will be awarded additional dollars to boost her curriculum in order to prepare her students for national testing.
C) The classes will benefit because the playing field between poorer school districts and those with more resources will be equal.
D) all of these

Question 45

A major outcome of the No Child Left Behind mandate was:

A) individualized programs for children that were cost-prohibitive.
B) emphasis on learning for standardized tests.
C) more freedom for the teachers to target special needs students.
D) less reliance on federal oversight for promotions and school budgets.

Question 46

The optimal solution for educational problems in the United States would require:

A) collaboration among government and citizens at every level to reduce poverty levels.
B) firing nearly all teachers and start with instructors trained to teach to the national exams.
C) continuing education for existing teachers so that they can prepare students for the benchmark exams.
D) building national standards and applying those outcomes to schools at every level including staff and administrators.

Question 47

In terms of federal grant support, health care receives:

A) the largest proportion of funding.
B) the smallest proportion of funding.
C) funding equal to that of education and the military.
D) less funding than education but more than programs like agriculture and sustainability.

Question 48

Many teachers were concerned about the impact of the No Child Left Behind legislation because:

A) the curriculum had to focus on the standardized test material regardless of children's interests and level of ability
B) those students with more resources were penalized by the slow pace of lesson plans.
C) parents were expected to contribute less to the education of their children.
D) salaries and promotions would no longer be determined based on performance by the children in the classroom.

Question 49

The currently valued outcome for Head Start programs at the federal level is:

A) how math and literacy scores compare for graduates of Head Start with those students who did not attend.
B) how engaged the parents of the children are.
C) how many graduates of Head Start are still in school compared to those who didn't attend.
D) the number of graduates from Head Start who completed high school compared to children who didn't attend.

Question 50

A consequence for schools whose children do not perform adequately on standardized test of basic skills is:

A) firing of teachers in schools where performance did not meet established benchmarks.
B) assistance with resources to bring children up to standards.
C) an audit to determine where the problems are and so better address them.
D) re-examination of instruction by school administrators to see where extra money should be spent.

Question 51

A(n) __________ is someone who helps bring about change to better human lives or conditions.

A) lobbyist
B) activist
C) change agent
D) advocate

Question 52

Malerie Pratt, who initiated the construction of an orphanage in Zambia for severely disadvantaged children, is a prime example of:

A) an activist.
B) a lobbyist.
C) a change agent.
D) an advocate.

Question 53

The focus for federal funding of programs, like those in health and education, is on:

A) measurable outcomes.
B) what the programs do for the public.
C) designated populations for the programs.
D) balanced spending across categories.

Question 54

Rosa Parks, the Black woman who helped desegregate transportation systems in the southern United States by refusing to surrender her seat to a White person, is an excellent representative of:

A) a change agent.
B) an advocate.
C) an extremist.
D) an existentialist.

Question 55

Research has indicated that the main reason for schools poor performance on standardized evaluations is:

A) poor instruction by teachers.
B) poverty.
C) lack of quality administrators to manage budgets and curriculum.
D) inferior testing materials.

Question 56

Diane Ravitch, a former member of George H. Bush's administrative team, argued the critical variable in academic performance is:

A) poor teaching.
B) poverty.
C) teacher training.
D) parental involvement.

Question 57

Frankl, who survived the death camps of Germany in World War II, chose to write books, lecture, and teach others to understand the purpose of our existence and so perhaps block the potential for such inhumanity to occur again. Frankl is an exceptional example of:

A) self-actualization.
B) psychological spirituality.
C) a change agent.
D) an activist.

Question 58

An example of how conflict can arise between knowledge gained through developmental research and public policy is:

A) the No Child Left Behind legislation.
B) the World Trade Act.
C) fewer restrictions on immigration.
D) more expansive inclusion of ESL classrooms.

Question 59

An argument for focusing on quality of instruction in order to address problems with the nation's educational system is that:

A) it is nearly always human error when it comes to poor academic performance.
B) it is nearly impossible to get parents involved and so motivating teachers is the only option.
C) it is easier to blame teachers than it is to alleviate poverty on a grand scale.
D) local funding sources will only consider employment issues and not resources.

Question 60

Currently, the largest segment of federal grants is awarded to work:

A) for homeland security.
B) involving veterans and the military.
C) in health related fields.
D) related to education and social services.

Question 61

The founder of the Children's Defense Fund, __________, is an example of a contemporary leader in the field of lifespan development.

A) Marion Wright Edelman
B) Michelle Bachelet
C) Geoffrey Canada
D) Mary Whiton Calkins

Question 62

An example of an individual who was inspired to make a difference in people's lives and who motivates others to do so as well is __________, founder of TOMS.

A) Blake Mycoskie
B) Diane Ravitch
C) John Birkenstock
D) Brian Mitchell

Question 63

In order to effect long-term changes in society, it is critical to incorporate:

A) support from government funds.
B) global interests.
C) sufficient material and financial resources.
D) the sustained cooperation and effort of individuals.

Question 64

Based on the bake sale concept, a couple has spread a program that has spread across the country and raised thousands of dollars for:

A) research into treatments for children's cancer.
B) peace initiatives.
C) early enrichment programs for disadvantaged children.
D) after-school programs for children born into poverty.

Question 65

Victoria's parents do their best but because of their low educational level, they work at minimum wage jobs. To help their daughter to succeed, they have enrolled her in a Freedom school. What can Victoria expect?

A) Improvement of academic skills based on drilling and reinforcement of the three "R's"
B) Sports and other interactive programs with children of her socioeconomic status
C) Little structure but opportunities for self-exploration
D) Summer and after school programs that will help her improve her academic skills and engage her in the joy of learning

Question 66

__________ is a program begun by one couple and spread to communities around the country to fund research and exemplifies leadership in a field related to development.

A) Head Start
B) Harlem Childrens' Zone
C) The Freedom School
D) Cookies for Kids' Cancer

Question 67

The primary goal of the Children's Defense Fund is to:

A) provide legal aid to children who are victims of child abuse.
B) assist children and families who are disadvantaged due to poverty.
C) reunite children and parents who have been separated by the court systems.
D) find funding for research into cures for pediatric cancer.

Question 68

What percentage of federal grant monies is allocated to education along with social services, training. and employment programs?

A) 49.5 percent
B) 19.1 percent
C) 12.2 percent
D) 10 percent

Question 69

__________ are designed to provide summer and after-school experiences to improve academic skills and foster love for learning among children.

A) Head start programs
B) The Harlem Children's Zones
C) Freedom schools
D) Sylvan Centers

Question 70

By the end of 2010, it is estimated that approximately __________ pairs of shoes will have been delivered to children in developing countries because of efforts of TOMS shoes and others who have been inspired by the movement.

A) 10,000
B) 15,000
C) 20,000
D) 30,000

Question 71

Which of the following is characteristic of people who are change agents?

A) They operate in the present but are aware of future possibilities.
B) They find inspiration in their work and motivate others as well.
C) Understand people and acknowledge them as critical in enacting change.
D) all of these

Question 72

Fields relating to lifespan development include:

A) psychology
B) education
C) public health
D) all of these

Question 73

Justin is considering a career, but he wants to make sure that he can apply the knowledge he has gained regarding lifespan development and so make a difference in the world. Justin can't decide among psychology, education, or politics. What should Justin be told?

A) "Because development is a discipline within psychology, this is the field that has the most direct application."
B) "Education is based upon the principles of developmental psychology and changing young lives changes the future, so this field has the most direct application."
C) "Informed political policies are based on the results of research in development that will have an impact on everyone's lives, so this is the field that has the most direct application."
D) "All of these fields rely on knowledge about development and all have the potential to make a difference in the world, so you can't go wrong with any choice among these."

Question 74

The __________ professions relate to people's physical, cognitive, and social-emotional well-being.

A) social
B) helping
C) enrichment
D) activist

Question 75

__________ is responsible for organizing and operating the Harlem Children's Zone, and is a prime example of a change agent who can operate in the present but plan for the future.

A) Diane Ravitch
B) Geoffrey Canada
C) Blake Mycoskie
D) Jimmy Carter

Question 76

What percentage of federal grant monies is allocated to veteran programs?

A) 20 percent
B) 10 percent
C) 0.5 percent
D) 5 percent

Question 77

Kin and his eight-year-old son, Dai, are recent immigrants to the United States. Even though Kin immediately found employment, his wages are low, and he can barely afford the necessities. It is people like Kin and Dai that are the focus of:

A) Head Start.
B) the Children's Defense Fund.
C) TOMS.
D) the American Psychological Association.

Question 78

__________ is an example of a president who prioritized social protection and equal opportunities for the population by building free health clinics and day-cares and so affected generations to come.

A) Corazon Aquino
B) George W. Bush
C) Benazir Bhutto
D) Michelle Bachelet

Question 79

The people responsible for programs like the Harlem Children's Zone understand the principle of:

A) keeping an eye to the future but taking care of day-to-day needs.
B) recognizing that material resources are the key to any successful program.
C) managing to do much with few personnel and less money.
D) adhering to governmental standards in the face of local management.

Question 80

Education shares federal grant resources with which of the following?

A) social services
B) employment compensation and related programs
C) training programs
D) all of these