Deck 19: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Question 1

A staff member wants to know where the greatest proportion of iron is located.How should the nurse respond? The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

A) Erythrocytes
B) Spleen pulp
C) Bone marrow
D) Liver tissue

Answer 1

Erythrocytes

Question 2

After birth,red blood cells are normally made only in the:

A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Bone marrow
D) Kidney

Answer 2

Bone marrow

Question 3

Which condition will cause a patient to secrete erythropoietin?

A) Low blood pressure
B) Hypercarbia
C) Inflammation
D) Hypoxia

Answer 3

Hypoxia

Question 4

While reviewing lab results,the nurse recalls the most abundant cells in the blood are:

A) Leukocytes
B) Lymphocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Thrombocytes

Question 5

A group of cells isolated in the laboratory have membrane-bound granules in their cytoplasm and they show phagocytic activity.Which of the following cells is most similar?

A) Monocyte
B) Macrophage
C) Lymphocyte
D) Eosinophils

Question 6

A hematologist is discussing hematopoiesis.Which information should be included? ________ participate in hematopoiesis.

A) Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Neutrophils

Question 7

A primary care provider is talking about plasma proteins synthesized by lymphocytes in the lymph nodes.What is the primary care provider describing?

A) Antibodies
B) Albumins
C) Clotting factors
D) Complement proteins

Question 8

A patient has researched white blood cells on the Internet.Which statement indicates the patient has a good understanding? _______________ contain preformed granules of vasoactive amines.

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Monocytes
D) Basophils

Question 9

A nurse recalls that monocytes are blood cells that mature (differentiate)into:

A) Macrophages
B) Neutrophils
C) Eosinophils
D) Mast cells

Question 10

An adult patient's blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory.Assuming a normal sample,which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Lymphocytes

Question 11

While planning care for a patient with inflammation,which principle will the nurse remember? The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

A) Eosinophil
B) Lymphocyte
C) Macrophage
D) Neutrophil

Question 12

After erythrocytes have circulated for about 120 days,they are removed by macrophages,which are mainly in the:

A) Liver
B) Spleen
C) Appendix
D) Bone marrow

Question 13

A nurse is preparing to teach about erythropoietin.Which information should the nurse include? Erythropoietin is produced in the:

A) Liver
B) Bone marrow
C) Kidneys
D) Spleen

Question 14

An unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen is termed:

A) Deoxyhemoglobin
B) Oxyhemoglobin
C) Methemoglobin
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin

Question 15

A student asks the instructor about recycled iron.What information should the instructor share? Recycled iron from macrophages is delivered to the bone marrow bound to:

A) Ferritin
B) Hemoglobin
C) Hemosiderin
D) Transferrin

Question 16

While planning care for a newborn,the pediatric nurse recalls the main site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:

A) Bone marrow
B) Liver
C) Lymph nodes
D) Spleen

Question 17

A 45-year-old female undergoes a splenectomy to remove a tumor.Which of the following assessment finding is most likely to occur following surgery?

A) Leukocytosis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Decreased red blood cell count
D) Decreased platelets

Question 18

During an infection,the nurse assesses the lymph nodes.Lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:

A) Lymphocytes are rapidly dividing.
B) Edema accumulates within the fibrous capsule.
C) Microorganisms are accumulating.
D) The nodes are not functioning properly.

Question 19

A nurse is teaching the staff about platelets.Which information should the nurse include? In addition to playing a role in hemostasis,platelets have the ability to:

A) Stimulate bone marrow production of erythrocytes
B) Release biochemical mediators of inflammation
C) Undergo cell division in response to bleeding
D) Activate a humoral response

Question 20

A nurse is discussing a cell that can differentiate into any tissue type.Which term is the nurse describing?

A) Hematopoietic
B) Pluripotent
C) Blastocyst
D) Progenitor

Question 21

When an aide asks a nurse how many oxygen molecules can hemoglobin carry,what is the nurse's best response? Hemoglobin molecules carry _____ oxygen molecules.

Question 22

Which of the following nutritional components will the nurse encourage a patient to consume as it is needed for erythropoiesis?

A) Cobalamin
B) Vitamin B₁
C) Vitamin D
D) Zinc

Question 23

While checking lab results,the nurse remembers the normal leukocyte count is:

A) 1,000-2,000/mm³
B) 5,000-10,000/mm³
C) 4.2-6.2 million/mm³
D) 1.2-2.2 million/mm³

Question 24

A nurse is discussing fibrinolysis.Which information should the nurse share? Fibrinolysis is mediated by:

A) Heparin
B) Fibrinogen
C) Plasmin
D) Albumin

Question 25

A newborn baby is diagnosed with a blood disorder in which her platelet count is low.Which of the following does the nurse suspect could be the reason?

A) Increased megakaryocytes
B) Increased platelet cell division
C) Decreased thrombopoietin
D) Decreased spleen function

Question 26

Which electrolyte will the nurse check to ensure normal platelet functioning?

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium

Question 27

A newborn baby has a clotting disorder that results in her body being unable to produce thrombin.Which of the following phases of platelet degranulation would be impossible?

A) Subendothelial exposure
B) Adhesion
C) Activation
D) Aggregation

Question 28

When a staff member asks how erythrocytes can carry oxygen,which of the following properties should the nurse describe that allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers? (Select all that apply.)

A) Biconcavity
B) Reversible deformability
C) Undergoes mitotic division
D) Presence of many mitochondria
E) Presence of a nucleus

Question 29

A nurse is caring for a patient who cannot clot.Which end product of the clotting cascade is this patient unable to make?

A) Collagen
B) Fibrinogen
C) Thrombin
D) Fibrin

Question 30

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient.Which of the following are true regarding the hematological system and aging? (Select all that apply.)

A) Total serum iron is decreased.
B) Total iron-binding capacity is decreased.
C) Intestinal iron absorption is decreased.
D) Lymphocyte function is unchanged.
E) Platelet aggregation is unchanged.