Deck 7: Serving Global Markets

Question 1

What is a characteristic that many North American economies have for products that result in increased importance of global trade?

A) a growing market
B) a technologically advanced market
C) an advanced market
D) a mature market

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Procter & Gamble successfully introduced a lower-priced version of its popular Tide laundry detergent to the rural Chinese market, and a higher-priced version to city-dwellers in China. What does this illustrate about succeeding in a foreign market?

A) Marketers must look for alternative distribution channels.
B) Marketers must partner with a local marketing firm.
C) Marketers must adapt a product to local preferences and culture.
D) Marketers must maintain the exact product characteristics that were successful in the domestic market.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Who is the largest private employer in the world?

A) General Motors Corporation
B) McDonalds
C) Microsoft
D) Walmart

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following actions generally helps marketers encounter new products, new approaches to distribution, or clever new promotional ideas?

A) globalization
B) developing core values
C) market penetration
D) product standardization

Question 5

What two categories can international trade be divided into?

A) exporting and importing
B) national and international
C) general and foreign
D) direct and indirect

Question 6

Why are many of the eastern European currencies considered to be soft currencies?

A) They do not depreciate against other currencies.
B) They cannot be readily converted into euros or dollars.
C) They provide long-term stability in terms of its purchasing power.
D) They serve as a reliable store of value.

Question 7

Which industry has seen a steady growth in Canada in the recent years with more than 75 percent of Canadians now working in it?

A) agriculture
B) manufacturing
C) retail
D) services

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT considered a part of a nation's infrastructure?

A) wholesale networks
B) transportation networks
C) communications systems
D) energy facilities

Question 9

In addition to natural resources, what exports are equally as important to Canada's economy?

A) processed and packaged foods
B) machinery and automotive products
C) low-technology trade goods
D) melons and other wet fruits

Question 10

Which organization is a major player in the international legal environment by lending foreign exchange to nations that require it to conduct international trade?

A) Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
B) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
C) Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
D) World Trade Organization (WTO)

Question 11

What can a fluctuation in exchange rates result in?

A) a country employing additional tariffs and quotas on imports to manage fluctuations
B) a nation's currency becoming more or less valuable compared with those of other nations
C) the possibility of an economy reaching short-run equilibrium at levels below or above full employment
D) a relatively rapid economic growth and periods of relative stagnation or decline

Question 12

Which factor is most likely to be included in political environment?

A) inflation levels in different countries
B) labour conditions in different countries
C) exchange rate fluctuations in a country
D) level of natural resources in a country

Question 13

What is the International Monetary Fund responsible for defining and classifying?

A) service
B) goods
C) exchange rate
D) technology

Question 14

Why is growth in the services of developing markets most likely to continue?

A) defined service measurements
B) advancing information technology
C) ongoing categorization improvements
D) data comparison

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a reason why global trade is vital to a nation and its marketers?

A) market expansion
B) increased dependence on domestic economic conditions
C) production and distribution economies
D) growth opportunities

Question 16

Which of the following markets are strong for a nation with low per-capita incomes?

A) automobiles and electronics
B) industrial machinery
C) agricultural hand tools
D) technical services

Question 17

In order for a marketer to operate efficiently in a foreign country, what must be in place and stable to facilitate trade?

A) free trade agreement
B) infrastructure
C) tariffs
D) labour force

Question 18

What idea is the basis for the European Union currency, the euro?

A) Tying other European currencies to the euro will stabilize exchange rates.
B) The presence of the euro will eliminate soft currencies from the marketplace.
C) Having a single currency will strengthen Europe's global competitiveness.
D) The euro will eventually be used in Eastern Europe.

Question 19

Following the United States, who is Canada's second largest trading partner?

A) European Union
B) Japan
C) China
D) United Kingdom

Question 20

Before entering a country, what is the underlying foundation marketers need to determine it has?

A) moral code
B) legal system
C) infrastructure
D) trade organization

Question 21

What term refers to a tax levied on imported goods?

A) excise duties
B) import quotas
C) subsidies
D) tariffs

Question 22

What do ISO 14000 standards set requirements for?

A) product quality
B) prices
C) worker compensation
D) environmental protection

Question 23

What are many Western firms using in order to stay abreast of changing political and legal environments that exist in various foreign countries?

A) Internet
B) political risk assessment units
C) World Trade Organization
D) consumer research groups

Question 24

What term refers to a complete ban on the import of a product?

A) an import quota
B) an embargo
C) a revenue tariff
D) a protective tariff

Question 25

What is the basic purpose of protective tariffs?

A) to raise money for the country into which the products are being imported
B) to raise the retail prices of imported products to match or exceed those of similar domestic products
C) to counter the effects of tariffs on the domestic market
D) to stabilize the prices of imported goods

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT considered a trade barrier to an exporter?

A) tariffs
B) import quotas
C) subsidies
D) related-party trade

Question 27

Which of the following is the world's most frequently spoken language?

A) Spanish
B) English
C) Mandarin
D) Arabic

Question 28

What type of trade barrier is being used if the Italian government imposed duties on consumer electronic products imported from Canada to raise their prices in the local market and to protect the local companies from competition?

A) embargo
B) protective tariff
C) import quota
D) revenue tariff

Question 29

What type of trade barrier is being used when governments try to protect the private domestic industries by providing them financial support?

A) embargo
B) protective tariff
C) subsidy
D) import quota

Question 30

What is one requirement for companies regarding exchange control?

A) Companies that export need to sell foreign currencies to a foreign agency or the central bank.
B) Companies need to support domestic industry through grants of money or research support.
C) Companies need a complete ban on the importation of a product.
D) Companies that sell products in a foreign market price the products cheaper than they are sold domestically.

Question 31

What is the ideal way for a nation to stop a foreign company from dumping?

A) pay the exporter with soft currency
B) impose protective tariffs
C) cite international law
D) appeal to the International Monetary Fund

Question 32

What term refers to a trade restriction that limits the number of units of products in certain categories that can cross a country's boundary for resale?

A) protective tariff
B) embargo
C) import quota
D) subsidy

Question 33

What do ISO 9000 standards set requirements for?

A) quality in goods and services
B) prices
C) worker compensation
D) environmental protection

Question 34

What is the basic purpose of revenue tariffs?

A) to raise money for the country into which the products are being imported
B) to raise the retail prices of imported products to match or exceed those of similar domestic products
C) to counter the effects of protective tariffs on the domestic market
D) to stabilize the prices of imported goods

Question 35

Which of the following is an administrative trade barrier?

A) quotas on exports
B) liberal standards for imports
C) import subsidies
D) customs barriers

Question 36

What is a major technological issue involving food market?

A) value engineering
B) reverse engineering
C) genetic reengineering
D) business process reengineering

Question 37

What type of trade restriction is the Russian government using when it imposes a ban on the wines imported from Georgia?

A) revenue tariff
B) embargo
C) import quota
D) exchange control

Question 38

Who provides advice and assistance to Canadian businesses that want to enter foreign markets?

A) World Trade Organization
B) Trade Commissioner Service
C) Canadian Tourism Commission
D) International Monetary Fund

Question 39

A country in Africa imposes a duty on imported goods to pay for government services. What is this an example of?

A) protective tariff
B) revenue tariff
C) import quota
D) subsidy

Question 40

When entering a foreign market, care must be taken to ensure that product names and advertising slogans are translated correctly and do not cause misunderstandings among foreign consumers. What element of the international environment does this illustrate?

A) social-cultural
B) political-legal
C) economic
D) technological

Question 41

What is an organization called that provides first-time exporters with expertise in locating foreign buyers, handling paperwork, and conforming to local labelling and testing laws?

A) export facilitator
B) export title company
C) trade assistance corporation
D) export management company

Question 42

What type of multinational organization features the no tariff exchange of goods among its members and a uniform tariff for trade with nonmember nations?

A) common market
B) administration common
C) customs union
D) free trade area

Question 43

What is a form of multinational economic integration that seeks to reconcile all government regulations affecting trade called?

A) common market
B) customary union
C) free-trade area
D) cooperation council

Question 44

What countries are involved in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

A) countries in Western hemisphere and North, Central, and South America
B) Canada, Mexico, and the United States
C) United States, Dominican Republic, and Central American nations
D) United States and the European Union

Question 45

Which of the following is an advantage of foreign licensing over exporting?

A) access to the local partners' pricing
B) use of the local partner's distribution channels
C) capital investment in foreign country
D) slow entry into a foreign market

Question 46

What is a company's first step toward successful global marketing?

A) to prepare an international business plan
B) to seek to license a foreign company
C) to enter into a joint venture with a foreign company
D) to establish marketing operations in a foreign country

Question 47

A company sells products to a foreign market at a price lower than it sells within its own country. What is this practice known as?

A) dumping
B) inventory reduction
C) open-market theory
D) competitive counterstrategy

Question 48

Which statement best describes the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?

A) The member nations of the NAFTA have agreed to create a trade bloc similar to that of the European Union.
B) The major aim of the NAFTA is to increase the level of literacy among the United States, Mexico, and Canada.
C) NAFTA has been successful in creating the Free Trade Area of the Americas, the world's largest free trade zone.
D) The member nations of NAFTA focus mainly on economic cooperation rather than on political integration.

Question 49

What organization was established as a result of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade?

A) North American Free Trade Agreement
B) European Union
C) World Trade Organization
D) Free Trade Area of the Americas

Question 50

What is one of the major policy initiatives of the World Trade Organization?

A) increasing the average level of education worldwide
B) liberalizing world financial services
C) promoting and protecting the environment
D) regulating automobile production by less-advanced nations

Question 51

Which agreement has created opportunities for financial, legal, and accounting firms by including services under international trading rules?

A) Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
B) Central American Free Trade Agreement-DR
C) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
D) North American Free Trade Agreement

Question 52

What type of progress has the World Trade Organization made toward its goals of liberalizing world financial services, telecommunications, and maritime markets?

A) slow-its activities have focused on complaint resolution, not trade barriers
B) about as expected-there have been the usual victories and the usual defeats
C) relatively fast-some authorities claim a new world order by the year 2016
D) rapid-several major new treaties have been ratified in the last two years

Question 53

What is the term for an arrangement in which a small firm teams with, and serves as a subcontractor for, a larger international company on a foreign project?

A) international trade mentorship
B) trade facilitation
C) offset agreement
D) mutual trade agreement

Question 54

What is the goal of the EU?

A) to establish manufacturing standards
B) to expand globally
C) to remove all barriers to free trade among its members
D) to completely absorb the former Eastern bloc of nations

Question 55

What is a firm that brings in chemical intermediates such as organic fertilizers from different countries and processes them in its labs before selling it in its domestic market regarded as?

A) EMC contractor
B) licensee
C) franchisee
D) importer

Question 56

Which method is most likely to counter for the negative effects of dumping?

A) controlling access to foreign currencies
B) imposing protective tariffs
C) imposing excise duty
D) appealing to the government

Question 57

What have a group of nations created when they agree to the exchange of goods among themselves by abolishing tariffs and trade restrictions?

A) common market
B) customs union
C) trading block
D) free trade area

Question 58

Assume China and Canada are involved in a trade dispute. Which organization will attempt to resolve the dispute?

A) United Nations
B) World Trade Organization
C) European Union
D) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

Question 59

What would be included in the Free Trade Area of the Americas when goals are completed?

A) Existing nations will become members of the World Trade Organization.
B) The World Trade Organization would be the largest free-trade zone in the world.
C) It would include nations from Central, North and South America.
D) More intensive customs procedures via General agreement on Trades and Tariffs.

Question 60

What is the term for a contractual arrangement in which a wholesaler or retailer agrees to meet the operating requirements of a manufacturer?

A) foreign licensing
B) franchising
C) joint licensing
D) offset licensing

Question 61

Which of the following is NOT a reason why Canada is an attractive market for international marketers?

A) high levels of discretionary income
B) political stability
C) low level of domestic competitors
D) well-controlled economy

Question 62

What is a form of global marketing that involves a continuous effort in marketing a firm's merchandise to customers in other countries called?

A) business process reengineering
B) exporting
C) sole sourcing
D) social referencing

Question 63

What is developing a completely new product to take advantage of a unique foreign opportunity called?

A) product development
B) product commercialization
C) product invention
D) product origination

Question 64

What is the international market-entry strategy that involves high levels of involvement and risk potential and also offers a competitive advantage over other alternatives?

A) franchising
B) offset agreement
C) foreign licensing
D) international direct investment

Question 65

What term refers to contractual agreement by which a domestic firm grants foreign marketers the right to distribute a firm's merchandise or use its trademark, patent, or process in a specified geographic area?

A) subcontracting
B) franchising
C) reciprocal partnership
D) foreign licensing

Question 66

Dell is famous for its build-to-order computers; however, the company decided to sell prebuilt computers in China's retail stores. What is this a result of?

A) global marketing strategy
B) multinational marketing strategy
C) countertrade policy
D) multi-domestic marketing strategy

Question 67

Toyota, a Japanese firm, builds a factory in Ontario to make vehicles to be marketed to Canadians. How is this strategy best described?

A) as a joint venture between Toyota and the Ontario provincial government seeking to increase employment opportunities
B) as foreign marketing by Toyota
C) as international direct investment by Toyota in Canada
D) as indirect exporting

Question 68

Which of the following is NOT an example of international direct investment by a firm?

A) a foreign sales office
B) overseas marketing subsidiaries
C) acquisition of an existing foreign company
D) an export management company

Question 69

Which of the following best describes IBM and General Electric?

A) global exporters
B) multinational corporations
C) domestic corporations
D) global importers

Question 70

What are alternative strategies from which international marketers can choose when selecting an appropriate product/promotion strategy?

A) product adaptation and dual adaptation
B) promotion adaptation and direct exporting
C) countertrading and product invention
D) global marketing and multinational marketing

Question 71

What is a firm with significant operations and marketing activities outside its home country called?

A) monopoly
B) active exporter
C) multinational corporation
D) overseas marketer

Question 72

What does a multidomestic marketing strategy indicate about a firm?

A) customizes its marketing decisions to effectively reach individual marketplaces
B) disregards the principles of market segmentation
C) considers all foreign countries to have equally competitive situations
D) employs universal promotional messages

Question 73

Which of the following advantages does NOT ordinarily arise out of customizing marketing strategies for different international markets?

A) lower production costs per unit
B) attention to local preferences
C) products tailored to target market needs
D) promotions that appeal to local tastes

Question 74

Which of the following does NOT need to be considered in making an international expansion decision?

A) precise domestic distribution duplication
B) quality of the firm's products
C) currently available transportation options
D) warehousing facilities

Question 75

In order to gain access to some foreign markets, a firm may barter products rather than selling them for cash. What is this referred to as?

A) fair trade
B) product adaptation
C) countertrade
D) multi-domestic marketing

Question 76

What type of constraint can most likely limit pricing decisions in a foreign market?

A) ecological
B) political
C) social
D) ethical

Question 77

What is a company called that buys products from domestic producers and resells them abroad?

A) outsourcing firm
B) export-trading company
C) export-management company
D) offset marketer

Question 78

In the international market, what does a product adaptation strategy combine?

A) changes in promotion strategy with changes in the product itself
B) domestic product with promotional changes tuned to the foreign market
C) product changes with the same promotional strategy used in the domestic market
D) product characteristics not seen in the home country with a foreign promotional strategy

Question 79

What type of standard marketing strategy modifies only minimally for use in each of the firm's foreign markets?

A) single-space marketing strategy
B) monolithic marketing strategy
C) global marketing strategy
D) multi-domestic marketing strategy

Question 80

Which of the following best describes the role of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries as a marketing organization?

A) It uses a pricing strategy of controlling world prices through collective action.
B) It is regulated by NAFTA and the EU.
C) It uses countertrade to obtain valuable foreign investments.
D) It was formed to address the growing competition from Venezuela and North Sea crude exploration.