Deck 2: Defining and Estimating Child Maltreatment

Question 1

Why is 1% a serious underestimation of maltreatment?

A)Many cases go unreported and some unsubstantiated cases include maltreatment.
B)The number is not using verifiable data.
C)The 1% estimate does not include states that do not report.
D)Most unsubstantiated cases are mislabeled and actually include maltreatment.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Are children who are born with illegal substances in their systems victims of abuse?

A)Sometimes, it depends on the circumstances and the state.
B)Yes, always.
C)No, not if the mother has taken steps to treat the drug addiction.
D)Only if the child is subsequently exposed to drug manufacturing after birth.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which study reports the highest estimates of child maltreatment?

A)NCANDS
B)DVS
C)NIS
D)Add Health

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The two main factors that influence the rate of child maltreatment estimates are which of the following?

A)state statute and time frame
B)national definition and time frame
C)quality of survey and time frame
D)nature of the data and time frame

Question 5

In general the longer the time frame of measurement, you will find ______ maltreatment.

A)less
B)steady
C)more
D)varied amounts of

Question 6

Child maltreatment is a synonym for which of the following?

A)child sexual abuse and child neglect
B)child abuse and neglect
C)child physical abuse
D)child emotional abuse and neglect

Question 7

______ is a general term used to describe reported cases nationally in which the state child protective agency has determined that maltreatment occurred.

A)Proven
B)Known
C)Reported
D)Substantiated

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the two main issues in determining how much child maltreatment occurred using official reports?

A)Not all maltreatment is reported and states vary in numbers and types of cases reported.
B)Not all states report and states vary in numbers and types of cases reported.
C)Not all maltreatment is reported and not all states report.
D)Some unsubstantiated maltreatment is reported and not all states report.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes age division in child maltreatment policy?

A)Parents who perpetrate child maltreatment on a young person over the age of 18 can be criminally charged with child maltreatment if the child is living in their home.
B)When legal action is taken on behalf of child maltreatment victims over the age of 18, typically child protection services handle the case.
C)Child maltreatment cannot be charged if the child is over 18, even if the abuse happened before the child was 18.
D)Legal action can be taken for child maltreatment when a victim is 18 or older, if the abuse happened before the child is 18, and criminal and civil court typically handle these types of cases.

Question 10

The most current common range estimates that ______ of children are maltreated at some point in their lives.

A)5-10%
B)15-30%
C)10-15%
D)15-25%

Question 11

What statement best characterizes the definition and estimates of "neglect"?

A)Definitions are not consistent making comparing estimates difficult.
B)Definitions include emotional and physical neglect but are not defined the same across agencies.
C)Definitions are not inclusive of medical or educational neglect, making true estimates hard to discern.
D)Definitions are not agreed upon, but estimates of frequency are high.

Question 12

CAPTA, the central legislation dealing with child maltreatment in the United States, stands for?

A)Child Abuse Provisions and Treatment Act
B)Child Abuse Prediction and Treatment Act
C)Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act
D)Child Abuse Predilection and Treatment Act

Question 13

Which best describes the way child maltreatment is defined throughout the United States?

A)There is one federal overarching definition, and then counties are free to elaborate.
B)Some policies are defined at the federal level, child maltreatment is typically operationalized at the state level, but counties also have discretion.
C)States are given individual discretion over child maltreatment definitions.
D)Counties are given full discretion in "county administered" states.

Question 14

In measuring maltreatment if you look only at officially substantiated cases in official records, about ______children are victimized per year in the United States.

A)700,000
B)1.25 million
C)3.2 million
D)500,000

Question 15

The tradition of "neglecting child neglect" refers to what?

A)The fact that the courts often do not recognize child neglect.
B)Child protective agencies often overlook neglect.
C)Neglect is often not defined by states and therefore unmeasurable.
D)Many studies only examine physical or sexual abuse.

Question 16

Among officially recognized perpetrators of child maltreatment in 2014, about ______ were parents, legal guardians, other relatives, or unmarried partners of parents.

A)88%
B)90%
C)75%
D)82%

Question 17

What does the "iceberg" metaphor refer to?

A)The cold nature of child abuse perpetrators.
B)Most child abuse is "above water" where it can be detected.
C)Only a small portion of maltreatment is visible with other parts being much less visible.
D)Maltreatment known to family members is the portion of maltreatment typically seen.

Question 18

Using NCANDS data from 2004 to 2011, approximately ______ of children would be officially classified as "victims" before their 18th birthday.

A)15%
B)39%
C)12.5%
D)4.4%

Question 19

Which of the following might be considered corporal punishment?

A)A parent forces their child to wash all the dirty windows, which requires using a ladder that may be unsafe.
B)A parent spanks their child three times, over the pants as punishment for running away, no visible marks are left.
C)A parent uses a switch to punish the child for not turning off the television when asked, marks are left on the child's bottom.
D)A child is put in a time-out for so long, the child wets his pants.

Question 20

Estimates of child maltreatment among the general population can only be reliably formulated from samples which are either ______ or ______.

A)representative; universal
B)generalizable; universal
C)Random; representative
D)generalizable; random

Question 21

Please explain the ongoing debate on whether or not exposure to domestic violence constitutes child abuse?

Question 22

Given that measuring child maltreatment is so difficult, why are definitions and measures important for practitioners? Please provide an example.

Question 23

Please explain the difference between administrative data and survey data and give an example of each.

Question 24

Please discuss at least three reasons measurement and estimation of child maltreatment is difficult, as cited by the authors.

Question 25

Please provide a summary of the best estimates of child maltreatment in the United States, including a discussion of the limitations of these estimates.