Deck 17: Using Sex As a Weapon: Sexual Coercion, Rape, and Abuse

Question 1

The U.S.Department of Justice classifies sexual victimization into 11 categories.Using their definitions, what distinguishes completed sexual coercion from completed rape?

A)Sexual coercion does not have to include any type of penetration, but rape includes penetration by definition.
B)Sexual coercion does not have to include actual or threatened physical force, but rape must include the use of actual or threatened force.
C)Sexual coercion refers to penetration with an object, whereas rape refers to penetration with a body part.
D)Sexual coercion refers only to acts where penetration causes no outward signs of physical damage, whereas rape refers to acts where penetration causes visible,
Measurable physical damage to the body.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In the United States, a person experiences a sexual assault every _____ minutes.

A)two
B)ten
C)thirty
D)sixty

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What did the Drug-Induced Rape Prevention and Control Act accomplish?

A)It made the production, manufacture, and distribution of "date rape" drugs a felony.
B)It lessened the criminal penalties imposed on any person who provides a sexual assault victim with a "date rape" drug in cases where the assault victim knowingly
And willingly takes the drug.
C)It increased the criminal penalties imposed on a rapist if the rape was perpetrated in conjunction with the use of a "date rape" drug.
D)This legislation accomplished all of the above.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When a person aged 18 years old or older has intercourse with someone who is a minor, that person may be charged with _____ even if the minor consented to sexual activity.

A)attempted rape
B)statutory rape
C)criminal coercion
D)contributing to the delinquency of a minor

Question 5

In legal terms, sexual assault includes:

A)verbal remarks.
B)physical assaults.
C)comments delivered in written form (e.g.through text or e-mail).
D)Sexual assault encompasses a wide range of behaviors from physical assault to explicit, unsolicited verbal and written remarks.

Question 6

"Shield laws" in the United States are designed to:

A)protect men from being arrested for sexual assault until a woman can prove that she did not consent to the sexual activity in question.
B)prevent the courts from taking blood, urine, or DNA samples from a person accused of sexual assault if the person does not give them voluntarily.
C)prevent lawyers from introducing the detailed sexual history of a rape victim as admissible evidence in a sexual assault trial.
D)protect a rape victim from ever having to face the alleged perpetrator again, even during a court trial.

Question 7

If Julie, a 14-year-old girl, and Chris, her 19-year-old boyfriend, engage in sexual activity that Julie has actively consented to, then:

A)no other person can hold Chris accountable for sexual misconduct.
B)Julie has, by default, given consent to any sexual activity that Chris wants her to participate in at a future time.
C)the consent is irrelevant, because Julie is a minor whom the state considers too young to agree to engage in sexual activity with a legal adult.
D)Julie has demonstrated that she is cognitively capable of, and emotionally mature enough, to participate in an intimate relationship.

Question 8

Statistics indicate that nearly _____ of female sexual assault victims and 70 percent of male victims were raped before the age of 18.

A)one-third
B)one-half
C)two-thirds
D)three-fourths

Question 9

According to the text, an inherent gap in power exists in any relationship characterized by all of the following except:

A)significant difference in age.
B)when there is an actual or distorted sense of seniority.
C)when one person is in love with the other but the feeling is not shared.
D)when one person has material resources the other person needs to survive.

Question 10

According to a 2005 study conducted by the U.S.Justice Department, fewer than _____ percent of completed and attempted rapes experienced by college women are reported to police.

A)5
B)10
C)20
D)50

Question 11

Which of the following consequences did the original Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) have?

A)increased funding for rape prevention and education efforts.
B)doubled the number of rape crisis centers operating in the U.S
C)made sexual assault between married people a federal crime
D)Passage of the VAWA had all of the above consequences.

Question 12

According to 2008 data from the Centers for Disease Control, approximately what percent of college women experience attempted or completed rape while they are in college?

A)10 to 15
B)20 to 25
C)30 to 35
D)40 to 45

Question 13

If John and Jane are at a party and they have both been drinking alcohol, and John initiates sexual activity with her, Jane can legally give full consent only if/when:

A)she gave consent prior to consuming the alcohol.
B)she is no longer physiologically affected by the alcohol she consumed.
C)she had sex with him on a previous occasion and gave consent then.
D)another adult who is not under the influence of alcohol witnesses Jane's verbal consent to have sex.

Question 14

Sexual _____ is the specific term given to the words or actions a person uses to indicate that they voluntary, freely agree to engage in mutually agreed-upon sexual activities.

A)coercion
B)contract
C)consent
D)approval

Question 15

Which of the following circumstances surrounding a sexual encounter would legally constitute a sexual assault?

A)A person engages in sexual activities with another person despite the other person's objections.
B)A person engages in sexual activities with another person during or after intentionally contributing to the other person's intoxication from alcohol.
C)A person engages in sexual activities with another person who is in any way intimidated, helpless, or incapacitated to make decisions on their own behalf.
D)All of the above

Question 16

When 24 year old teacher Debra Lafave had sex with her 14 year old student, the legal system determined that the 14 year old boy could not consent to the activity because the:

A)boy was incapacitated by a mental disability.
B)boy's decision-making ability was impaired from being abused at home.
C)teacher threatened to physically harm the boy if he refused her advances.
D)teacher is in a position of authority and inherently holds power over the boy.

Question 17

There is an extensive classification system for distinguishing different types of sexual assault.Which category is defined as "threatening unwanted vaginal, oral, or anal penetration of a body part or object by force or the threat of force"?

A)threat of rape
B)attempted rape
C)statutory rape
D)implied rape

Question 18

When a perpetrator completes the act of penetrating an unwilling participant vaginally, orally, or anally using a body part or object, and the act involves the nonphysical punishment, promise of reward, pestering, or verbal pressure, _____ has occurred.

A)completed rape
B)attempted rape
C)completed sexual coercion
D)threat of contact with force

Question 19

When a perpetrator does not purposely intend to mislead or harm the other person, but nonetheless fails to gain full consent for sexual activity, the perpetrator has engaged in:

A)attempted rape.
B)completed sexual coercion.
C)sexual misconduct.
D)threat of rape.

Question 20

According to the U.S.Department of Justice, approximately 60 percent of rapes occur in what location?

A)the victim's car
B)the victim's home
C)the victim's workplace
D)a deserted public place

Question 21

Sexual assault victims are _____ more times likely than those who have not been raped to suffer from depression.

A)three
B)five
C)ten
D)None of the above is accurate, because sexual assault victims are no more likely than those who have not been raped to suffer from depression.

Question 22

In 1979, Nicholas Groth classified rapists into three main types.Which of these types is most likely to use more force and to cause bodily injury?

A)sadistic rapists
B)power rapists
C)anger rapists
D)resistance rapists

Question 23

The acute phase of Rape Trauma Syndrome generally lasts for how long after the rape?

A)a few minutes to a few hours
B)a few days to a few weeks
C)three to six months
D)at least one year

Question 24

According to Nicholas Groth, which type of rapist experiences an erotic association with violence and becomes sexually aroused by the victim's pain, suffering, and mutilation?

A)anger rapists
B)resistance rapists
C)sadistic rapists
D)power rapists

Question 25

All of the following factors contribute to an increased likelihood that someone will commit rape except:

A)being male.
B)being poor.
C)holding more traditional gender role attitudes.
D)being under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

Question 26

According to Kilpatrick's study, where on college campuses do most sexual assaults occur?

A)on-campus student living quarters (dorms)
B)in and around the bathrooms of campus buildings
C)hidden outside spaces, such as between/behind buildings
D)fraternity houses

Question 27

Using the U.S.Department of Justice classification system, which of the following would constitute "threat of contact without force"?

A)frequent, continuous verbal remarks indicating that the perpetrator intends to suck and touch the victim's breasts and will not stop pestering the victim until she allows him to
B)single incident of unwanted physical caressing of the breasts while the victim is held against a wall and told not to draw attention to the situation or she will be hit
C)single e-mail message stating that the perpetrator wants the victim to perform oral sex on him and will kill her pet if she refuses to allow him entrance to her home when he arrives
D)occasional text messages sent over a one-year period requesting that the victim have intercourse with the perpetrator in exchange for a large sum of money

Question 28

When a person does not have the ability to give sexual consent due to the influence of drugs or alcohol, that person is said to have:

A)enhanced capacity
B)depreciative capacity
C)diminished capacity
D)tempered capacity

Question 29

Reports indicate that over half of the people who are served by domestic violence shelters in the U.S.are from _____ areas of the country.

A)rural
B)urban
C)suburban
D)surrounding islands

Question 30

Experts note that sexual assault victims may experience Rape Trauma Syndrome (RTS).According to this model, during which phase does the victim accept that the event occurred and move past the pain associated with the crime?

A)preliminary
B)acute
C)adjustment
D)resolution

Question 31

One of the main ways that the Victims of Crime Act (VCA) helped victims was by:

A)adding sexual assaults to the list of crimes for which perpetrators must pay victims restitution.
B)providing increased funding to rape crisis centers across the country.
C)increasing the criminal penalties for perpetrators who use "date rape" drugs to facilitate a rape.
D)making it mandatory for colleges to offer rape-prevention programs to all incoming freshman.

Question 32

The Federal Clery Act requires that all colleges that participate in federal financial aid programs engage in what action(s)?

A)Make statistics regarding on-campus crime publically available.
B)Place emergency blue lights throughout the campus grounds.
C)Have mandatory sexual assault prevention programs for incoming freshmen.
D)Colleges must do all of the above to comply with the Federal Clery Act.

Question 33

If someone put Rohypnol in your drink, you would:

A)only notice it if your drink was normally a light color because the drug would give the drink a slight bluish tint that cannot be detected in darker liquids.
B)only notice it if your drink was non-alcoholic, because alcohol covers up the drug's normally bitter taste.
C)probably notice it right away because the drug has such a strong odor that you would smell something odd no matter what you were drinking.
D)not notice it at all because the drug is colorless, odorless, and tasteless.

Question 34

Once a woman reports a rape to the police, she will be taken to the hospital for a forensic examination that police and medical personnel refer to as a rape _____.

A)kit
B)check
C)evaluation
D)determination

Question 35

According to Kilpatrick's study, what percent of women attending American colleges have been raped?

A)3
B)12
C)30
D)45

Question 36

During the _____ phase of Rape Trauma Syndrome, victims are likely to suppress their feelings, analyze the perpetrator's actions, and try to avoid elements of their life before the assault.

A)preliminary
B)acute
C)adjustment
D)resolution

Question 37

One U.S.Department of Justice survey revealed that in _____ out of ten reported rape cases, the victim knew his or her offender.

A)3
B)6
C)9
D)12

Question 38

According to Nicholas Groth's classification, _____ rapists have a particular need to assert strength and display dominance over the victim.

A)power
B)anger
C)sadistic
D)resentment

Question 39

All of the following substances are commonly used to make "date rape" drugs except:

A)PCP
B)GHB
C)GBL
D)Rohypnol

Question 40

In 2008, the FBI reported that the number of forcible rapes reported to law enforcement agencies were:

A)at a twenty year high.
B)at a twenty year low.
C)almost exactly the same for the last 20 years.
D)so high that the data was assumed to be invalid or falsified.

Question 41

It took until the ______ for all U.S.states to legally define rape without reference to the sex of the victim or the perpetrator.

A)1940s
B)1960s
C)1980s
D)2000s

Question 42

Once sexual consent is given at the start of sexual contact with someone, it automatically applies to any other sexual activities with that person.

Question 43

According to recent statistics, the prevalence of collegiate rape has been on the rise, whereas rape in the general population has been declining.

Question 44

Research on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) among gay and lesbian couples indicates that:

A)IPV disproportionately affects gay men.
B)IPV disproportionately affects lesbian women.
C)IPV affects gay men and lesbian women equally.
D)IPV between gay and lesbian couples usually causes more severe injuries than does IPV in heterosexual couples.

Question 45

Due in large part to the efforts of the National Organization for Women (NOW), the first rape crisis centers in the United States were created in which decade?

A)1930s
B)1950s
C)1970s
D)1990s

Question 46

It took until _____ for marital rape to be declared illegal in every U.S.state.

A)1975
B)1987
C)1993
D)2005

Question 47

Psychological research reveals that most batterers score much higher on self-esteem measures than do men who are not abusive to their partners.

Question 48

According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, all of the following are common attributes of a victim of battering except:

A)being a young and/or single parent
B)having a low education level
C)having a history of substance abuse
D)coming from a lower socioeconomic background

Question 49

Nearly three-fourths of men who have been raped were victims of the crime prior to age 18.

Question 50

In 1975, _____ became the first U.S.state to declare marital rape a crime.

A)New York
B)South Dakota
C)California
D)Alaska

Question 51

The term, honor killing, refers to a situation in which a man who has a history of domestic violence murders his wife or girlfriend when she threatens to leave him or report him to police.

Question 52

The CDC reports that the reason so many rape victims remain silent about the assault is:

A)the victim believes she is to blame for the assault.
B)the victim fears retribution from the perpetrator if she reports the assault.
C)the victim is embarrassed that this happened to her.
D)All of the above.

Question 53

Sexual consent cannot legally be given when a person is under the influence of drugs or alcohol.

Question 54

According to the U.S.Department of Justice, approximately 60 percent of rapes occur in the victim's home.

Question 55

Sociologists refer to culturally shared ideas about what constitutes rape, who commits rape, and what situations lead to rape as _____.

A)folklore.
B)rape kits.
C)rape scripts.
D)assault histories.

Question 56

Approximately what percent of American teens in relationships report being hit, slapped, or pushed by a boyfriend or girlfriend?

A)five
B)fifteen
C)twenty-five
D)fifty

Question 57

According to Groth's classification scheme, the power rapist will increase the level of force used in proportion to the amount of resistance the victim displays.

Question 58

Strangers are the most likely perpetrators of sexual violence against children.

Question 59

The term party rape was coined to refer to rapes that:

A)are part of a ritual celebration (such as a birthday or graduation).
B)occur as a result of the participants being intoxicated.
C)occur while participating in a recreational activity.
D)include multiple perpetrators at the same time.

Question 60

According to Lenore Walker's classic "cycle of violence" model, batterers apologize, beg for forgiveness, and often give their victims gifts during the respite phase.

Question 61

Explain the difference between saying "no' to a sexual advance and actively consenting to sexual activity with another person.Under what conditions can a person provide such consent? What circumstances make it impossible to fully consent to sexual activity?

Question 62

Although women of all ages experience sexual assault and intimate partner violence, adolescents and women in their 20s have especially high rates of victimization.Identify three reasons why this group of women is particularly vulnerable to abuse.

Question 63

Identify three cultural beliefs or social conditions that make it particularly difficult for male victims to admit they have been sexually assaulted and receive the help they need.

Question 64

Describe the three phases of Lenore Walker's Cycle of Violence.What function does the respite phase serve in maintaining an abusive relationship over time?

Question 65

Identify five main reasons why so many rape victims remain silent about their assaults.What conditions would have to change in order for victims to feel free to report the crime?

Question 66

After reviewing the list of common signs of child sexual abuse, discuss why it is important to consider these symptoms as a set of signs to be aware of if they are observed in a child.

Question 67

What is an honor killing? Explain the current debate over whether perpetrators of honor killings throughout the world should be exempt from criminal punishment for engaging in this act.After presenting both sides, take a position and support it with specific points.

Question 68

Intimate Partner Violence may take the form of threats as well as physical, sexual, and/or emotional violence.What kinds of behavior are typical of each category of IPV?
Essay:

Question 69

Outline the three phases involved in Rape Trauma Syndrome.What processes are likely to occur during each stage?

Question 70

Identify three main differences between men's rape scripts and women's rape scripts.What do you think is the source of this gender difference in perception and beliefs?

Question 71

Identify the eight components of the Power and Control Wheel.Discuss how batterers use a combination of the behaviors listed to successfully gain control over their victims.

Question 72

Identify three commonly used "date rape" drugs and explain why it is difficult for people to protect themselves from being victimized this way.

Question 73

Compared to women, men are more likely to believe rape myths and have negative views of rape victims.

Question 74

Identify three situations in which an inherent power difference exists that negates the ability of one party to ever fully consent to sexual activity.

Question 75

The Student Right-to-Know Act made it mandatory for colleges and universities to expel any student who is found guilty of a sex-related crime.

Question 76

Discuss the individual, family, and cultural factors that place some individuals at higher risk for perpetrating rape.Explain the process through which these factors increase that risk.

Question 77

Decades of research on domestic violence have yielded a list of fairly reliable warning signs of an abusive partner.Identify these four factors and discuss what these traits indicate about a person's orientation toward other people and intimate relationships.