Deck 4: Proteins

Question 1

Proteins are mostly absorbed as

A) fatty acids.
B) disaccharides.
C) amino acids.
D) polypeptides.

Answer 1

C
Proteins are broken down into individual amino acids to be absorbed; polypeptides require further enzymatic breakdown before they can be absorbed.

Question 2

The number of amino acids that are indispensable for human beings is

A) 6.
B) 9.
C) 11.
D) 14.

Answer 2

B
Nine amino acids are classified as indispensable amino acids because the body cannot manufacture them in sufficient quantity or at all.

Question 3

Protein catabolism is increased in conditions such as

A) pregnancy.
B) childhood.
C) puberty.
D) illness.

Answer 3

D
Protein catabolism.or the breakdown of protein.is increased during illness or disease and increases the body's need for protein and kilocalories to rebuild tissue and meet the demands of an increased metabolic rate.

Question 4

A protein that contains all indispensable amino acids in the correct proportion and ratio is

A) a simple protein.
B) an incomplete protein.
C) a complete protein.
D) an indispensable protein.

Question 5

An animal protein that has relatively little value as a dietary protein source when eaten alone is

A) an egg.
B) gelatin.
C) milk.
D) fish.

Question 6

The element that is contained in proteins but not in carbohydrates or lipids is

A) carbon.
B) hydrogen.
C) nitrogen.
D) oxygen.

Question 7

The enzyme trypsin is activated by the enzyme

A) zymogen.
B) bile.
C) gastrin.
D) enterokinase.

Question 8

Proteins from plant sources that are classified as incomplete include

A) wheat, peanuts, and corn.
B) milk, nuts, and cheese.
C) oats, gelatin, and soybeans.
D) corn, chicken, and milk.

Question 9

Protein plays an important role in the body

A) as the first source of energy fuel.
B) in the conversion of glucose to glycogen for storage.
C) as a coenzyme needed for energy utilization.
D) in defense against disease and infection.

Question 10

A protein-digesting enzyme found in the stomach rather than in pancreatic secretions is

A) trypsin.
B) pepsin.
C) chymotrypsin.
D) carboxypeptidase.

Question 11

The phase of metabolism that makes growth and repair possible is

A) digestion.
B) catabolism.
C) anabolism.
D) homeostasis.

Question 12

The enzymes aminopeptidase and dipeptidase are secreted by the

A) mouth.
B) stomach.
C) small intestine.
D) pancreas.

Question 13

The primary function of protein in the diet is to supply

A) energy for growth and development.
B) insulation for vital organs.
C) material for growth and maintenance.
D) all 20 amino acids for heart maintenance.

Question 14

The number of kilocalories from protein in a sandwich that contains 24 g protein is _____ kcal.

A) 6
B) 96
C) 120
D) 216

Question 15

Pepsinogen secreted by the gastric cells is converted into pepsin by

A) food in the stomach.
B) hydrochloric acid.
C) gastric lipase.
D) pancreatic lipase.

Question 16

Two types of protein in the body are _____ protein and _____ protein.

A) complete, incomplete
B) animal, vegetable
C) dispensable, indispensable
D) tissue, plasma

Question 17

Proteins are built from simpler organic compounds called

A) indispensable amino acids.
B) amino acids.
C) fatty acids.
D) monosaccharides.

Question 18

After a piece of grilled chicken is partially digested in the stomach.it eventually reaches the small intestine.where it is digested by which of the following enzymes secreted by the pancreas?

A) Chymotrypsin, trypsin, and carboxypeptidase
B) Chymotrypsin, pepsin, and trypsin
C) Sucrase, pepsin, and carboxypeptidase
D) Lactase, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase

Question 19

A gastric enzyme that coagulates the protein in milk and is produced by infants but not by adults is

A) hydrochloric acid.
B) pepsinogen.
C) trypsin.
D) rennin.

Question 20

What is the food that is the best source of indispensable amino acids?

A) Black beans
B) Peanuts
C) Safflower oil
D) Turkey

Question 21

Which of the following conditions might result in the greatest catabolism?

A) Growth
B) Multiple trauma with extensive organ damage
C) Rehabilitation after routine gallbladder surgery
D) Healing a broken bone in the arm

Question 22

In the mouth.protein foods are

A) broken down to amino acids.
B) broken up mechanically by chewing.
C) broken down to peptides.
D) coagulated by rennin.

Question 23

If the excretion of nitrogen exceeds the nitrogen intake.the condition is called

A) total nitrogen balance.
B) positive nitrogen balance.
C) negative nitrogen balance.
D) anabolism.

Question 24

The grams of high-quality protein required daily for an individual who weighs 170 lb and is close to ideal body weight would be _____

A) 45.2
B) 55.3
C) 61.8
D) 94.0
G)

Question 25

Complementary proteins

A) provide higher quality protein when eaten together.
B) enhance each other's metabolic actions.
C) are more easily absorbed.
D) taste good together.

Question 26

A client weighs 130 lbs.She is close to her desirable body weight and consumes a total of 40 g of protein/day.The most appropriate nutritional counseling would be to

A) increase her protein intake.
B) maintain her current protein intake.
C) decrease her protein intake.
D) increase her use of complementary proteins.

Question 27

In planning a vegetarian meal.an appropriate combination of complementary proteins would be

A) cornmeal tamales and beans.
B) lentils and beans.
C) bean sprouts and cabbage.
D) whole wheat and rice.

Question 28

The meal with the highest quality protein is

A) an omelet with cheese, whole wheat toast, and orange juice.
B) a stir fry with chicken, green beans, and carrots.
C) a stuffed turkey breast, peas, and a baked potato.
D) a bean burrito, corn on the cob, and a tomato salad.

Question 29

Very high intakes of animal protein may lead to

A) increased body weight and blood lipid levels.
B) increased muscle mass and strength.
C) decreased body weight and blood lipid levels.
D) muscle atrophy and weakness.