Deck 2: Structure of the Atom

Question 1

The component of the nucleus that has mass but no electrical charge is the

A) electron
B) neutron
C) proton
D) none of these

Answer 1

neutron

Question 2

If an atom has more protons than electrons, it will

A) have a negative charge
B) have a positive charge
C) be electrically neutral
D) have neither a positive nor negative charge

Answer 2

have a positive charge

Question 3

The earliest atomic theory based on an arrangement similar to the solar system is attributed to

A) Bohr
B) Rutherford
C) Dalton
D) Thomson

Answer 3

Rutherford

Question 4

The fundamental component of the atom that has the smallest mass is the

A) electron
B) neutron
C) proton
D) none of these

Question 5

The mass of an atom is primarily due to the mass of the

A) neutrons
B) nucleus
C) electrons
D) protons

Question 6

The atomic nucleus contains

A) protons and neutrons
B) protons and electrons
C) electrons and neutrons
D) all of these

Question 7

A positive ion is

A) a proton
B) an atom with more protons than electrons
C) an atom with more neutrons that electrons
D) an atom with more electrons than protons

Question 8

When an atom becomes negatively or positively charged it is usually due to a change in the number of

A) protons
B) electrons
C) neutrons
D) all of these

Question 9

The most commonly known modern atomic theory was developed by

A) Bohr
B) Rutherford
C) Dalton
D) Thomson

Question 10

The component of the nucleus that has a positive charge and mass is the

A) electron
B) neutron
C) proton
D) none of these

Question 11

If an atom has the same number of electrons and protons it will

A) have a negative charge
B) have a positive charge
C) be electrically neutral
D) none of these

Question 12

A negative ion is

A) an electron
B) an atom with more protons than electrons
C) an atom with more neutrons that electrons
D) an atom with more electrons than protons

Question 13

The three fundamental particles of the atom are the

A) element, nucleus, and electron
B) electron, nucleus, and proton
C) neutron, electron, and proton
D) nucleus, proton, and neutron

Question 14

The force that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is the

A) nuclear binding energy
B) electron binding energy
C) atomic energy
D) proton/neutron energy

Question 15

The word atom is derived from the Greek word atomos, meaning

A) nuclear
B) small
C) indivisible
D) invisible

Question 16

If an atom has more electrons than protons, it will

A) have a negative charge
B) have a positive charge
C) be electrically neutral
D) have neither a positive nor negative charge

Question 17

The "plum pudding model" is associated with

A) Bohr
B) Rutherford
C) Dalton
D) Thomson

Question 18

In the early 1800s English chemist John Dalton theorized that

A) elements form compounds
B) atoms are unique to each element in size and mass
C) a chemical reaction results from atoms being rearranged
D) all of these

Question 19

Discovery of the electron is attributed to

A) Dalton
B) Bohr
C) Thomson
D) Rutherford

Question 20

The earliest atomic theory is generally associated with

A) Bohr
B) Leucippus
C) Democritus
D) Dalton

Question 21

The electron shell closest to the nucleus is lettered

A) "E"
B) "H"
C) "K"
D) "M"

Question 22

In a neutral atom, the atomic number does NOT indicate the number of

A) protons
B) neutrons
C) electrons

Question 23

How many electrons does a neutral atom of carbon (126C) have?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 12
D) 18

Question 24

If an atom has 15 electrons, which will be the outermost shell?

A) "L"
B) "M"
C) "N"
D) "O"

Question 25

Except for the K shell, the maximum number of electrons that can be in the outermost shell of an atom is

A) 4
B) 8
C) 16
D) 32

Question 26

For the chemical element sodium (2211Na), the atomic mass number is

A) 11
B) 22
C) 33
D) none of these

Question 27

The N shell can hold _______ electrons.

A) 4
B) 8
C) 32
D) 64

Question 28

The electron binding energy does NOT depend on

A) how close it is to the nucleus
B) how many neutrons there are in the nucleus
C) how many protons there are in the nucleus

Question 29

The electrons stay in orbit around the nucleus because of

A) their attraction to the protons
B) their attraction to the neutrons
C) their attraction to the other electrons
D) all of these

Question 30

For the chemical element sodium (2211Na), the atomic number is

A) eleven
B) twenty-two
C) thirty-three
D) none of these

Question 31

How many neutrons does 73Li (lithium) have?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 7
D) 10

Question 32

If a particle strikes a nucleus with the same amount of energy as the atom's nuclear binding energy

A) the atom will become a positive ion
B) the atom will become a negative ion
C) it can split the atom
D) it can fuse the atom

Question 33

The simplest form of the substances that form matter is the

A) atomic number
B) atomic mass number
C) element
D) compound

Question 34

The number of protons and neutrons in the atom's nucleus is the

A) atomic number
B) atomic mass number
C) element
D) compound

Question 35

Two or more atoms that bond together form a(n)

A) atomic number
B) atomic mass number
C) element
D) compound

Question 36

An atom of helium (42He) has

A) two protons
B) four protons
C) four neutrons
D) four electrons

Question 37

The electron binding energy is stronger when

A) there are more protons and the electron is closer to the nucleus
B) there are fewer protons and the electron is closer to the nucleus
C) there are fewer protons and the electron is farther from the nucleus
D) there are more protons and the electron is farther from the nucleus

Question 38

The L shell can hold _______ electrons.

A) 1
B) 2
C) 4
D) 8

Question 39

The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is reflected in its

A) atomic number
B) atomic mass number
C) element
D) compound

Question 40

An atom of oxygen (168O) has

A) eight protons
B) eight neutrons
C) eight electrons
D) all of these

Question 41

The electrons rotate around the nucleus at a single energy level.

Question 42

Each electron shell has a specific limit to the amounts of electrons it can hold.

Question 43

Atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic mass numbers are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 44

The outermost shell of an atom can hold fewer than 8 electrons.

Question 45

The periodic table of elements classifies by period and group. The group is the

A) row
B) column
C) period
D) type of element

Question 46

Atoms in each period have the same number of

A) electrons in the outermost shell
B) atomic mass number
C) electrons
D) electron shells

Question 47

Each element has an unchanging number of protons.

Question 48

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 49

When the bond between two atoms is due to one atom giving up an electron and the other atom gaining an electron, it is called a

A) molecular bond
B) ionic bond
C) compounding bond
D) covalent bond

Question 50

Electron shells are the hard coating around the electron.

Question 51

The periodic table of elements classifies by period and group. The period is the

A) row
B) column
C) group
D) type of element

Question 52

Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different number of protons are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 53

A compound consists of

A) at least two molecules
B) at least two elements
C) at least two different materials
D) all of these

Question 54

When the bond between two atoms is due to their sharing an outer-shell electron, this is called a

A) molecular bond
B) ionic bond
C) compounding bond
D) covalent bond

Question 55

Atoms in each group have the same number of

A) electrons in the outermost shell
B) atomic mass number
C) electrons
D) electron shells

Question 56

Atoms with different number of protons but the same combined number of protons and neutrons are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 57

Atoms with different atomic numbers but the same atomic mass numbers are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 58

Elements can only occur naturally.

Question 59

The atoms of the elements at the top of the periodic table of elements are the most complex.

Question 60

Atoms with the same atomic number and atomic mass number but have different energy within their nuclei are

A) isotopes
B) isotones
C) isobars
D) isomers

Question 61

In the middle of the periodic table of elements there are elements that don't fit exactly into one of the eight groups.

Question 62

An ionic bond results in an electrically charged molecule or compound.

Question 63

All compounds are molecules and all molecules are compounds.