Deck 2: Physical Examination of the Critically Injured Athlete

Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding decreased circulation and ventilation?

A) Cyanotic nail beds
B) Reduced or lack of capillary refill
C) Strong regular radial pulse
D) A & B
E) B & C

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A physical examination has four components. _________ involves a close examination of the injured area.

A) Auscultation
B) Inspection
C) Palpation
D) Percussion

Answer 2

B

Question 3

During the secondary survey you would palpate for __________.

A) contusions
B) abrasions
C) pain
D) deformity
E) lacerations

Answer 3

C

Question 4

___________ is used to assess thoracic and abdominal injuries through the assessment of tympanic sounds.

A) Auscultation
B) Percussion
C) Palpation
D) Inspection

Question 5

Which of the following are means of assessing circulation?

A) Capillary refill of the nailbed
B) Assessing radial pulse in both extremities
C) Identifying the palmar pedal pulse
D) A & B
E) A, B, & C

Question 6

Which of the following would be considered abnormal during the breathing assessment?
1) The chest is rising and falling in a symmetrical fashion.
2) The is a lack of breathing
3) The respiration rate is 10 breaths per minute.
4) The respiration rate is greater than 30 breaths per minute.
5) The oral mucosa is cyanotic.

A) 1, 2, 4
B) 1, 3, 5
C) 2 only
D) 2, 4, 5

Question 7

Percussion involves ___________.

A) touching injured areas to identify points of tenderness
B) examining an area and looking for bleeding and contusions
C) listening to breathing sounds using a stethoscope
D) tapping on an injured area to listen and identify tympanic sounds

Question 8

Perfusion ________________.

A) is the process by which body tissues are oxygenated
B) is the process by which carbon dioxide is removed from tissues
C) is the process by which blood circulates to body tissues
D) is the process by which carbon monoxide is deposited in body tissues

Question 9

During the head-to-toe examination, which of the following would you be looking for with respect to the eyes?

A) That they are equal in size
B) That they react to light
C) That they accommodate
D) All of the above

Question 10

When considering the physical examination a head-to-toe approach is appropriate, because _______.

A) in athletics, most injuries are traumatic.
B) it is the most commonly used approached by emergency medical services (EMS).
C) using the same approach as EMS allows smooth transitions of care.
D) All of the above
E) A & C only

Question 11

___________ refers to listening to lung sounds with a stethoscope, which can be quite difficult in a noisy environment.

A) Auscultation
B) Percussion
C) Palpation
D) Inspection

Question 12

"Is the scene safe?" "Are there hazards, blood, or water?" "Are bystanders or teammates trying to move the athlete?" "Do you have sufficient resources and equipment to manage the injured athlete?"
These questions represent the questions that should be asked as you ________.

A) perform auscultation
B) survey the scene
C) administer the secondary survey
D) perform your primary survey

Question 13

___________ consists of touching an injured area to identify areas of tenderness, deformity, and crepitus.

A) Auscultation
B) Percussion
C) Palpation
D) Inspection

Question 14

Which of the following are questions that represent "surveying the scene"?

A) Is the scene safe?
B) Are there hazards in the area?
C) Is the athlete moving?
D) A & B
E) A, B, & C

Question 15

How many vital signs are there?

A) 3
B) 6
C) 9
D) 2

Question 16

Which of the following are elements of the head-to-toe examination?

A) Examining the pupils to ensure that the pupils are equal and reactive to light
B) Palpating the chest for pain and asymmetrical motion
C) Palpating each leg and arm for deformity and pain
D) All of the above

Question 17

During the secondary survey you would listen for __________.

A) masses
B) deformity
C) crepitus
D) rigidity
E) abnormal breathing sounds

Question 18

When performing the head-to-toe examination as part of the secondary survey, which of the following is not a true statement?

A) The assessment should be performed in less than 1 minute.
B) One radial pulse should be assessed to ensure that the heart is functioning.
C) Only the upper-right quadrant should be assessed for rigidity.
D) Compression of the iliac crests should be performed to check for contusions.

Question 19

During the secondary survey ______________.

A) the clinician must continue to monitor breathing
B) a complete head-to-toe assessment must be performed to rule out other injuries
C) the focus is on life-threatening injuries
D) A & B
E) A & C

Question 20

The golden hour ____________.

A) refers to the concept of rapid and effective management of traumatic injuries
B) must be kept in mind by athletic trainers, because a delay in summoning emergency medical services (EMS) cuts into this time frame
C) conceptually means that paramedics should keep their on-scene time to less than 10 minutes
D) All of the above

Question 21

Which of the following would be considered to be the blood pressure of someone with hypertension?

A) 122/83 mm Hg
B) 145/90 mm Hg
C) 100/75 mm Hg
D) 118/69 mm Hg

Question 22

Following the assessment of a patient's blood pressure you take note of the fact that his blood pressure was 100/75 mm Hg. Which of the following is true?

A) The patient has normal blood pressure.
B) The patient has hypotension.
C) The patient has hypertension.
D) None of the above

Question 23

A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute means that a person is experiencing __________.

A) bradycardia
B) tachycardia
C) superventricular tachycardia
D) superventricular bradycardia

Question 24

The gradient between systolic and diastolic blood pressure is referred to as _________.

A) mean arterial pressure
B) mean pulse pressure
C) mean venous pressure
D) pulse pressure

Question 25

Which of the following, in addition to the upper arm, are locations that blood pressure can be assessed?

A) Lower leg
B) Thigh
C) Foot
D) All of the above

Question 26

Systolic blood pressure is _________________.

A) measured when Korotkoff's sounds are absent
B) measured when Korotkoff's sounds are heard
C) the pressure during ventricular contractions
D) A & C
E) B & C

Question 27

A recent study evaluating temperature measurements revealed that temperatures taken by mouth, ear, axilla, and forehead tend to be higher than rectal temperatures.

A) True
B) True for oral and axilla temperatures
C) True for all except the forehead
D) False

Question 28

It is not uncommon for young athletes to exhibit a pulse rate of less than 60 beats per minute because of their increased level of fitness.

A) True
B) False
C) Cannot be determined from the information provided

Question 29

How often should vital signs be assessed in critically injured patients?

A) Every minute
B) Every 3 minutes
C) Every 5 to 15 minutes
D) Every 30 seconds

Question 30

Which of the following are factors that could interfere with a pulse oximeter's ability to take readings?

A) Cold fingers
B) Low blood pressure
C) Normal pulse rate
D) Low light
E) A & B

Question 31

You assessed one of your coworker's blood pressure and you note that her blood pressure reading was 92/75 mm Hg. Which of the following is true?

A) The patient has normal blood pressure.
B) The patient has hypotension.
C) The patient has hypertension.
D) None of the above are true.

Question 32

During an assessment of pulse rate___________.

A) an individual's pulse may be excessively strong or weak
B) a weak pulse may be indicative of inadequate tissue perfusion
C) an irregular pulse rate requires additional follow-up, as it may be the sign of an arrhythmia
D) an electrocardiogram (EKG) may be warranted as a follow-up to an irregular rate
E) All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following actions are appropriate when assessing blood pressure?
1) Placing the cuff over a long sleeve shirt
2) Placing the stethoscope over the artery
3) Placing the cuff on the upper arm
4) Inflating the cuff 15 to 20 mm Hg above the point when Korotkoff's sounds disappear
5) Slowly release cuff pressure and listen for Korotkoff's sounds

A) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
B) 2, 1, 4, 3
C) 3, 2, 4, 5
D) 1, 3, 2, 5, 4

Question 34

Normal respiration rate is ____________.

A) 10 to 20 breaths per minute
B) greater than 20 breaths per minute
C) less than 10 breaths per minute
D) All of the above

Question 35

When considering vital signs for adults, children up to age 6, and children entering puberty, which of the following are true?

A) Vital signs of children entering puberty are similar to those in adults.
B) Well-conditioned athletes tend to have vital signs on the high end of the normal range.
C) The average pulse rate for children is greater than 30 beats per minute.
D) The average respiration rate for adults is 40 breaths per minute.

Question 36

Pulse oximetry is used to measure oxygen levels in the blood. Which of the following would be a sign that the individual has a low level of oxygen in the hemoglobin, requiring supplemental oxygen?

A) 95%
B) 80%
C) 92%
D) 98%

Question 37

Blood pressure cuffs that are too small will give falsely high readings. Blood pressure cuffs that are too large will give falsely high readings.

A) True for both statements
B) True for only the first statement
C) True only for the second statement
D) False for both statements

Question 38

A heart rate of 150 beats per minute means that a person is experiencing __________.

A) bradycardia
B) tachycardia
C) superventricular tachycardia
D) superventricular bradycardia

Question 39

Pain is an important element that must be part of your evaluation. Which of the following is true regarding the assessment of pain?

A) Health-care providers typically overestimate the severity of pain.
B) Pain can easily be assessed using a 10-point scale.
C) Quantification of pain is overrated.
D) All of the above are true.