Deck 7: Forging a New Nation

Question 1

How did the Northwest Land Ordinance of 1785 attempt to resolve Indian land claims?

A) Indians were granted their original boundary lines.
B) The Ordinance called for Indian removal.
C) It did not resolve or address the claims.
D) It mediated them on a case-by-case basis.

Answer 1

It did not resolve or address the claims.

Question 2

Who attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

A) A diverse group of men and women from all thirteen colonies
B) A diverse group of white men, including farmers, servants, merchants, and planters
C) White, educated men of property, mainly lawyers, merchants, and planters
D) The most powerful African American, Native American, and white men from the colonies

Answer 2

White, educated men of property, mainly lawyers, merchants, and planters

Question 3

Following the Revolutionary War, which country funded Indian raids on western frontier settlements in the newly formed United States?

A) Britain
B) Canada
C) Spain
D) France

Answer 3

Britain

Question 4

What issue enraged officers from the Continental Army at war's end in 1783?

A) The existence of a strong central government
B) The lack of compensation for their efforts
C) The unwillingness of northern artisans to serve in local militias
D) The lack of guaranteed political appointments in the new government

Question 5

In the early republic, most states required that officeholders be

A) Catholic.
B) Protestant.
C) Anglican.
D) Methodist.

Question 6

Who helped prevent a military takeover of the young nation by disgruntled military officers in 1783?

A) George Washington
B) Benjamin Franklin
C) Daniel Shays
D) Alexander Hamilton

Question 7

What concern did Indians and U.S. political leaders share in the aftermath of the Revolution?

A) Lack of a contract
B) British soldiers
C) Cost of weapons
D) White squatters

Question 8

What was the impact of the British decision in 1783 to deny the United States the right to trade with the British West Indies?

A) The United States attempted to colonize one of the islands.
B) The United States declared an embargo on England.
C) U.S. ships began to sail under the French flag.
D) U.S. merchants were economically devastated.

Question 9

What was the only religious group to oppose slavery during the colonial period?

A) Anglicans
B) Quakers
C) Methodists
D) Jews

Question 10

What state granted women the right to vote during the early republic?

A) New Jersey
B) New York
C) Pennsylvania
D) Massachusetts

Question 11

What form of payment did states offer to military veterans of the Revolutionary War?

A) Paper currency
B) Silver and gold
C) Credit
D) Land

Question 12

What were the terms of the "hard-money laws" passed by many states after the Revolutionary War to ensure settlement of the war debt?

A) Debts had to be paid using official state-issued paper currency rather than by check.
B) Debts had to be paid in silver or gold rather than paper currency.
C) States first reimbursed elite local supporters and then foreign governments.
D) State and local governments initiated taxes on solid goods to generate revenue.

Question 13

On what basis did Benjamin Rush advocate for the formal education of women in 1787?

A) So they could be informed and equal citizens to men
B) So they could engage in intelligent conversation with their husbands
C) To keep them away from trivial women's concerns such as gossip
D) To help them be better mothers to their sons

Question 14

Prior to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787, which group of people met and drafted the Virginia Plan in hopes of creating a powerful central government?

A) Federalists
B) Patriots
C) Confederates
D) Abolitionists

Question 15

Along with New York, what northern state had the largest enslaved population in the 1790s?

A) Pennsylvania
B) New Jersey
C) Rhode Island
D) Massachusetts

Question 16

Why did the delegates to the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 decide to meet in secret?

A) To keep their plans hidden from British spies
B) To avoid alarming Americans with their plan for restructuring the government
C) To prevent reporters from revealing details of their personal lives in the press
D) To ensure their freedom to do whatever they wanted without criticism

Question 17

Following the Revolutionary War, which nations allowed U.S. ships to continue to trade with their West Indies colonies?

A) France and Holland
B) France and Spain
C) Spain and England
D) England and Holland

Question 18

According to the passage, what did the United Indian Nations Council request from the United States in 1786?

A) Participation in all future negotiation between the United States and Great Britain
B) Recognition of Indian land claims
C) Relations modeled on prewar agreements with Great Britain
D) An immediate ceasefire

Question 19

In 1794, the first African American church in the United States was founded in

A) Boston.
B) New York.
C) Philadelphia.
D) Charleston.

Question 20

What early feminist argued that girls should be taught science, math, Latin, and Greek, in addition to practical instruction?

A) Abigail Adams
B) Anthony Benezet
C) Judith Sargent Murray
D) Dolley Madison

Question 21

What event in Philadelphia in 1793 caused government operations to grind to a halt?

A) The Whiskey Rebellion
B) A visit by French diplomat Edmond Genet
C) The Jay Treaty
D) Yellow fever

Question 22

Whose attitude toward the Constitution was reflected in the press?

A) Ordinary people, who feared a strong central government
B) The urban elite who owned these publications and supported the Constitution
C) Loyalists, who rejected American nationhood entirely
D) Both Federalists and Antifederalists

Question 23

What impact did the French Revolution have on American markets?

A) U.S. trade routes were disrupted by the French Revolution.
B) The French Revolution caused U.S. profits from trade to increase.
C) The United States realized it should not rely on trade.
D) The relationship between the United States and France was further solidified by the French Revolution.

Question 24

The 1790 Indian Trade and Intercourse Act was enacted to

A) prevent Indians from having communication with Americans.
B) tax all materials sold to Americans by Indians.
C) ensure equitable dealings between Indians and whites.
D) exclude France and Spain from trading with Indians.

Question 25

Little Turtle, a war chief of the Miami Nation, created a pan-Indian alliance and attacked federal troops in the Ohio valley in 1790 because the U.S. government

A) taxed Indian goods unfairly.
B) had launched an attack on Indians earlier that year.
C) had failed to stop settlers from moving into Indian territory.
D) had allied with Spain to cheat Indians.

Question 26

What was Alexander Hamilton's goal for his economic policy when he served as secretary of the treasury?

A) To create strong state banks
B) To establish the nation's credit
C) To make counterfeiting impossible
D) To keep taxes as low as possible

Question 27

How did the legacy of Shays's Rebellion influence attitudes toward the Constitution?

A) Many former rebels embraced the Constitution as the answer to their problems.
B) People fiercely debated the value and legality of the right to bear arms.
C) Many former rebels were skeptical of a strong central government and opposed the Constitution.
D) Many Massachusetts elites feared that the adoption of the Constitution would inspire another rebellion.

Question 28

The purpose of the Bill of Rights, passed in 1791, was to

A) protect the rights of Native Americans under the new central government.
B) abolish slavery, racism, and discrimination toward African Americans.
C) protect the legislative branch from a tyrannical president.
D) protect states and individuals from the powerful central government.

Question 29

What made the government's response to the Whiskey Rebellion in 1794 so different from its response to Shays's Rebellion in 1787?

A) The federal government used the army to quash Shays's Rebellion.
B) The federal government used the army to quash the Whiskey Rebellion.
C) The leaders of the Whiskey Rebellion were executed.
D) War was officially declared during the Whiskey Rebellion.

Question 30

Southern Federalists such as Jefferson and Madison envisioned economic prosperity through

A) industry.
B) agriculture.
C) westward expansion.
D) commerce.

Question 31

Why did Virginia oppose having the federal government assume the state's war debt as proposed by Secretary of the Treasury Hamilton?

A) Virginians were against close ties between state and federal governments.
B) This plan would force the state of Virginia into bankruptcy.
C) Virginia already paid its own debts.
D) Virginians did not want to pay for the bad decisions of New Yorkers.

Question 32

Why did President John Adams not consult his vice president, Thomas Jefferson, on major policy issues?

A) Adams wanted to establish his authority.
B) Jefferson held opposing views on nearly everything.
C) Adams consulted Hamilton, the secretary of the treasury, instead.
D) Jefferson was too busy running his plantation and rarely went to Washington, D.C.

Question 33

Who was targeted by the Alien Act passed in 1798 under Adams during the undeclared war with France?

A) French immigrants
B) Scots-Irish immigrants
C) Indians in the territories
D) English immigrants

Question 34

How did the federal bank established by Hamilton function in the early years of the new nation?

A) It successfully served to collect and distribute the nation's resources.
B) It struggled to gain creditors and buy-in from the states.
C) It failed tying men of wealth to the new government but helped prevent inflation.
D) It succeeded in gaining creditors but still failed to pay off the debt.

Question 35

The election of 1796 was notable because it was the first

A) to pit candidates of opposing factions against each other.
B) not won by George Washington.
C) in which slave men over the age of 18 were allowed to vote.
D) time the electoral college was used to choose a president.

Question 36

Who supported Alexander Hamilton and his many unpopular yet enormously effective policies?

A) Governors from the most powerful states
B) Thomas Jefferson and James Madison
C) Key Federalists in Congress
D) Key Antifederalists in Congress

Question 37

Who suffered directly from the whiskey tax imposed by Federalists in the 1790s?

A) Whiskey producers in England
B) Coastal merchants in New England
C) Corn farmers from the West
D) Pub owners across the Atlantic

Question 38

How many states were needed to approve the Constitution for it to become law?

A) All 13
B) 10 of 13, three-fourths
C) 9 of 13, two-thirds
D) 7 of 13, a majority

Question 39

Hamilton originally proposed funding the establishment of a Bank of the United States by

A) soliciting funds from France and other foreign investors.
B) selling stock to private stockholders and the national government.
C) any means necessary but had not quite figured out how to do it.
D) ordering the new states to each contribute $1 million.

Question 40

Reduced prices for western land in the 1790s

A) fueled migration to the frontier for land.
B) inspired speculators to abandon earlier land prospects.
C) enabled hundreds of Indians to sell land for profit.
D) led settlers to begin digging for oil, coal, and other natural resources.

Question 41

The Federalist majority passed the Naturalization Act of 1798, which

A) increased residency requirement for citizenship from five to fourteen years.
B) determined that only U.S.-born citizens could serve as president of the United States.
C) made it impossible for French-born citizens to become naturalized U.S. citizens.
D) decreased the residency requirement for citizenship from fourteen to five years.

Question 42

How did Democratic-Republicans portray Federalists during the Election of 1800?

A) As visionary leaders supporting strong government who could help the country
B) As tyrants who abused their power and violated people's rights
C) As weak leaders who were afraid to use the power and resources of the government
D) As selfish politicians who wanted to continue the war with France regardless of cost

Question 43

The Alien Act of 1798 granted the president the right to

A) deport citizens born abroad.
B) restrict the number of immigrants allowed into the country.
C) imprison or deport noncitizens.
D) execute foreign nationals for treason.

Question 44

What party was the target of the Alien and Sedition Acts?

A) Federalists
B) Democrats
C) Independents
D) Democratic-Republicans

Question 45

Who represented the Democratic-Republicans on the ballot of 1800?

A) Jefferson and Burr
B) Adams and Pinckney
C) Adams and Jefferson
D) Jefferson and Pinckney