Deck 19: Progressivism and the Search for Order

Question 1

Progressives agreed with Populists that

A) government had a responsibility to curtail the power of big business.
B) farmers were the key constituency of movements for political and economic democracy.
C) instituting an income tax was not in the best interest of the average American.
D) the continued growth of laissez-faire capitalism was inevitable.

Answer 1

government had a responsibility to curtail the power of big business.

Question 2

Thinkers like William James and John Dewey inspired progressives to find solutions to social problems by

A) turning to the teachings of Jesus Christ.
B) developing a powerful doctrine and sticking to it.
C) relying on the study of actual human experience.
D) consulting professionals with expert knowledge.

Answer 2

relying on the study of actual human experience.

Question 3

Which Progressive Era feminist sought to enable women to compete on equal terms with men by freeing them from individual responsibility for domestic chores?

A) Julia Lathrop
B) Emma Goldman
C) Charlotte Perkins Gilman
D) Adella Hunt Logan

Answer 3

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Question 4

The belief that the truth had to be discovered through experience was known as

A) populism.
B) progressivism.
C) prohibitionism.
D) pragmatism.

Question 5

Progressive activists in the early twentieth century were most likely to come from which demographic group?

A) Wealthy industrialists
B) Middle-class professionals
C) Urban working class
D) Rural poor

Question 6

The "civic housekeeping" argument for giving women the vote spoke to progressives' desire to

A) end government corruption.
B) counterbalance male voters' support of business interests.
C) keep women tied to their traditional domestic roles.
D) model appropriate gender roles for immigrants.

Question 7

What bias did black club women share with white club women in progressive organizations around the turn of the century?

A) A strong gender bias against women
B) A dislike for children
C) A commitment to segregation
D) A class bias against poor people

Question 8

An advocate of the social gospel believed one embraced the teachings of Jesus by

A) becoming a corporate titan.
B) starting a professional association like the AMA.
C) working in a settlement house.
D) studying philosophy.

Question 9

In what year were American women granted the vote?

A) 1900
B) 1912
C) 1916
D) 1920

Question 10

The Muller v. Oregon (1908) decision reflected the belief that

A) men and women were essentially different.
B) women faced discrimination in the workplace.
C) the workday should be no more than eight hours.
D) child labor was acceptable under certain circumstances.

Question 11

Whose work reflected the religious zeal of progressive reformers?

A) Ida Tarbell
B) Upton Sinclair
C) Walter Rauschenbusch
D) John Rockefeller

Question 12

Progressive reforms focused on preventing

A) economic stratification and class conflict.
B) further mass immigration from Europe.
C) further urban and industrial expansion.
D) women's involvement in politics.

Question 13

Women's dominance in the field of settlement house work in the early twentieth century can be explained by

A) their natural caretaking instincts.
B) their lack of interest in the business world.
C) their experience with clubs and associations.
D) the discrimination they faced in other areas of employment.

Question 14

"Lifting as we climb" was the motto of which organization?

A) General Federation of Women's Clubs
B) National Association of Colored Women
C) Women's Trade Union League
D) National American Woman Suffrage Association

Question 15

Charlotte Perkins Gilman would have disagreed with the Muller v. Oregon (1908) decision because

A) she was an advocate of the eight-hour workday.
B) it made it easier for women to work outside the home.
C) it promoted inequality between men and women in the workplace.
D) it targeted working-class rather than professional women.

Question 16

Ida Tarbell built her reputation as a muckraker by exposing the

A) corruption of the Theodore Roosevelt administration.
B) lynchings of African Americans in the South.
C) ruthless practices of Chicago meatpackers.
D) corporate greed and dishonesty of Standard Oil.

Question 17

The Supreme Court decision in Muller v. Oregon (1908) guaranteed

A) a ten-hour workday for women.
B) an end to child labor.
C) a minimum wage for women workers.
D) a pension for widows.

Question 18

How did progressive women explain the growing role of women in civic engagement?

A) Their access to education made their civic work possible.
B) President Roosevelt's encouragement had given them the courage to speak out.
C) The Nineteenth Amendment made women's civic engagement possible.
D) Men's preoccupation with work and business left it to women to engage in civic affairs.

Question 19

Who was the most influential African American leader in the United States during the Progressive Era?

A) W. E. B. Du Bois
B) Ida B. Wells
C) Booker T. Washington
D) Charlotte Hawkins Brown

Question 20

Which of the following professions would have belonged to the "new" middle class at the end of the nineteenth century?

A) engineer
B) physician
C) lawyer
D) minister

Question 21

The composition of the founding membership of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) indicated that the group would be committed to

A) ending segregation.
B) accepting segregation.
C) promoting African American self-sufficiency.
D) Booker T. Washington-style accommodationism.

Question 22

Prosecution of the heavyweight boxing champion Jack Johnson under the Mann Act reflected

A) white men's anxiety over losing their position of racial dominance in American society.
B) the state's determination to control the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.
C) a desire to hold men responsible for their role in the expansion of prostitution.
D) a recognition that celebrity status can be used to get the public interested in social problems.

Question 23

Which of the following Progressive politicians achieved his greatest success in an office other than that of mayor?

A) Tom L. Johnson
B) Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones
C) Hazen Pingree
D) Robert M. La Follette

Question 24

While many white middle-class women supported women's suffrage, they also

A) opposed suffrage for African Americans, Jews, or Catholic immigrants.
B) advocated for the voting age of eighteen.
C) questioned men's fitness for suffrage.
D) demanded the abolition of the electoral college.

Question 25

Although they disagreed on how best to improve the lives of African Americans, Booker T. Washington, Ida B. Wells, and W. E. B. Du Bois all believed

A) in economic self-sufficiency and self-help.
B) that voting rights should be a top priority.
C) in publicly challenging white supremacists.
D) in accepting racial segregation in public spaces.

Question 26

The selective enforcement of the Mann Act reflected the American determination to

A) address the sexual vulnerability of black women.
B) uphold traditional codes of sexual and racial behavior.
C) decriminalize sexual solicitation.
D) control the reproduction of recent immigrants.

Question 27

W. E. B. Du Bois differed from Booker T. Washington in his demand that African Americans have access to

A) manual arts training.
B) liberal arts education.
C) white philanthropy.
D) economic development.

Question 28

John Muir's opposition to the dam in the Hetch Hetchy valley indicates that he was a

A) conservationist.
B) preservationist.
C) industrialist.
D) pragmatist.

Question 29

The adoption in the early twentieth century of at-large elections for city officials was intended to make the contests more open and democratic but resulted in

A) fewer representatives from low-income and ethnic minority communities.
B) the continuing influence of political bosses.
C) greater adoption of the commission form of local government.
D) the disenfranchisement of immigrant voters.

Question 30

The research of Ida B. Wells suggested that whites who lynched African American men were motivated by

A) resentment of the black man's success.
B) fear of black man's propensity for violence.
C) desire to avenge the rape of a white woman.
D) determination to prevent black men from voting.

Question 31

What additional argument did advocates for prohibition introduce during the war?

A) Alcoholism had been the cause of the war.
B) American soldiers were drinking too heavily.
C) Americans should show how sobriety made better soldiers.
D) Prohibition was going to save crucial raw materials for the war effort.

Question 32

Why did some women oppose women's suffrage?

A) They feared that the vote for women would destroy the home.
B) They doubted that women could understand politics.
C) They believed that men could represent their wives' thoughts.
D) They did not want to endorse an already corrupt and failing democratic process.

Question 33

Which immigrant group did the California legislature ban from buying land in 1913?

A) The Chinese
B) The Japanese
C) Mexicans
D) Jews

Question 34

Who was the longtime leader of the Women's Christian Temperance Union?

A) Frances Willard
B) Jane Addams
C) Mary White Ovington
D) Emma Goldman

Question 35

Which president considered his office to be a "bully pulpit," which he could use to rally public opinion behind his policy objectives?

A) William McKinley
B) Theodore Roosevelt
C) William Howard Taft
D) Woodrow Wilson

Question 36

The shift from district elections to citywide at-large elections reflected

A) middle-class reformers' distrust of poor and immigrant voters.
B) progressives' desire to build cross-class coalitions.
C) widespread approval of the city manager model of urban governance.
D) reform efforts to decrease campaign spending.

Question 37

Progressive reformers attempted to control the behavior of young unmarried women by

A) criminalizing their visits to dance halls and saloons.
B) encouraging them to take patent medicines.
C) denying them the opportunity to attend school.
D) getting them involved in the suffrage movement.

Question 38

In 1907, "white slavery" was another term for

A) alcoholism.
B) drug addiction.
C) prostitution.
D) industrial labor.

Question 39

Given their interest in regulating corporate activities, it is surprising that progressives were in favor of

A) easing restrictions on labor unions.
B) running government agencies like businesses.
C) reducing tariffs on imports.
D) imposing income taxes.

Question 40

To change behaviors they considered threatening or unsavory, moral reformers relied on

A) public education campaigns.
B) criminalization of once acceptable activities.
C) social welfare programs.
D) medical treatment and rehabilitation.

Question 41

What can you learn about the gradual embrace of women's suffrage from Map 19.1, titled Women's Suffrage?

A) States with strong populist traditions were the first to embrace women's suffrage.
B) The same states that had been pioneers in antebellum women's reform and abolitionism now led the way in women's suffrage.
C) The more urban and developed the states, the earlier their embrace of women's suffrage.
D) States with low population densities and "frontier societies" were the first to embrace women's suffrage.

Question 42

The Federal Reserve System was the result of a compromise between bankers and

A) farmers.
B) miners.
C) factory workers.
D) railroad workers.

Question 43

President Roosevelt's decision to preserve 150 million acres of timberland as national forest would have been understood to advance the agenda of

A) Gifford Pinchot.
B) Gene Stratton-Porter.
C) Booker T. Washington.
D) Upton Sinclair.

Question 44

The results of the 1912 presidential election suggested that the majority of Americans wanted

A) more government intervention in the economy.
B) no government intervention in the economy.
C) to overthrow the capitalist system altogether.
D) to see women win the right to vote.

Question 45

Under which president was racial segregation introduced to federal government offices and agencies?

A) William McKinley
B) Theodore Roosevelt
C) William Howard Taft
D) Woodrow Wilson

Question 46

Woodrow Wilson's adoption of a social reform agenda after the 1914 congressional elections reflected

A) a change of heart about the appropriate scope of government intervention.
B) anxiety about his ability to get reelected in 1916.
C) newfound admiration for the approach of Theodore Roosevelt.
D) disenchantment with the values of business leaders.

Question 47

Who inspired the start of the pure food movement?

A) Theodore Roosevelt
B) Upton Sinclair
C) Dr. Harvey Wiley
D) Gifford Pinchot

Question 48

Which of the following was made possible by the Sixteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

A) African American suffrage
B) Woman's suffrage
C) Federal income tax
D) Prohibition

Question 49

President Roosevelt's intervention in the 1902 Pennsylvania coal strike suggested that, unlike his predecessors, he was willing to

A) act in ways that alienated business owners.
B) risk losing the support of the labor movement.
C) intervene directly in labor disputes.
D) place corporate interests above the public interest.

Question 50

In 1906, Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle motivated Americans to

A) lobby for better conditions for workers in the meatpacking industry.
B) convert to vegetarianism in large numbers.
C) demand that the government inspect meat before it was sold to consumers.
D) sell their tainted meat to Europe.