Deck 13: Civil War

Question 1

Because of repeated losses in battle, the North became

A) disheartened and reconsidered its restrictions on slavery.
B) disheartened and began to plan for defeat.
C) emboldened and turned against slavery more than ever.
D) emboldened and determined to solicit aid from Europe.

Answer 1

emboldened and turned against slavery more than ever.

Question 2

Why were southern slaveholders anxious about the loyalty of white Southerners who did not own slaves?

A) Non-slaveholders not only did not benefit from slavery, but slavery actually undermined their economic opportunities.
B) Non-slaveholders were susceptible to bribery by northern merchants.
C) Slaveholders believed that poor whites were stupid and might not understand their place.
D) White Southerners had a history of betraying elite planters.

Answer 2

Non-slaveholders not only did not benefit from slavery, but slavery actually undermined their economic opportunities.

Question 3

What effect did the presence of Union troops in the South have on slaves?

A) It offered them hope and the taste of freedom.
B) Slaves were disappointed because they were not welcome in the Union ranks.
C) Slaves were still trying to figure which side to take.
D) Many slaves were motivated to take up arms for the Confederacy.

Answer 3

It offered them hope and the taste of freedom.

Question 4

What consequence would secession have for the relationship between whites and blacks in the South?

A) Whites would gain total control over blacks.
B) Elite whites and free blacks would be empowered.
C) Secession would inspire cross-race alliances among the poor.
D) Secession threatened to undermine slaveholder authority.

Question 5

When the Union referred to fugitive slaves as "contraband" of war, it meant they were

A) to be treated as free because slavery was against the will of the Union.
B) to be immediately imprisoned and isolated for the duration of the war.
C) part of the spoils of war, there for the taking by the strongest men.
D) property forfeited by slaveholders in the act of rebellion.

Question 6

What purpose did photographs such as these serve during the Civil War?

A) They served as propaganda to improve morale or inspire anger toward the enemy.
B) They allowed spies to gather and record important intelligence information.
C) They allowed generals to reevaluate strategy after lost battles.
D) They were part of a larger effort to preserve the historical record.

Question 7

The civilians who traveled from Washington, D.C., to Virginia to view the first major battle of the Civil War found that

A) Union troops urged them to arm themselves as well.
B) surprisingly, many Confederate troops were killed.
C) the battle was visible from distant banks, increasing civilians' fascination with battle.
D) they had to flee for their lives to escape Confederate artillery.

Question 8

Why was the secession of Virginia so significant?

A) Virginia was the first state to secede from the North.
B) Virginia was home to the South's largest iron manufacturer.
C) Virginia had the largest, most established state militia.
D) Virginia was the birthplace of President Lincoln.

Question 9

To try to prevent border states, such as Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky, from seceding, Lincoln

A) assured them he would not interfere with their state laws governing slavery.
B) offered them economic and political incentives to side with the Union.
C) jailed secessionists, arrested sympathetic state legislators, and limited the press.
D) ordered Union troops to each state's capital to provide support.

Question 10

As Civil War fighting began, northern politicians and editors predicted

A) that the war would result in the complete abolition of slavery.
B) a quick and lopsided struggle.
C) a serious battle in which the Union would ultimately succeed.
D) that the South would eventually regret secession.

Question 11

According to the passage by Robert Toombs, why must slavery "expand or perish?"

A) To prevent free states from outnumbering slave states in Congress
B) To protect slave states from military invasion
C) To prevent the slave population from growing too large in existing slave states
D) To provide a labor force for new territories

Question 12

Which racial groups made up the Union army prior to April 1862?

A) Everyone except for African Americans
B) Native-born whites and English, German, and Irish immigrants
C) Mexican Americans, Indians, and European immigrants
D) Only native-born whites and Indians

Question 13

What experience turned many Union soldiers into abolitionists?

A) The abolition literature that circulated in the nineteenth century
B) Listening to the rhetoric of Confederate leaders
C) Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South
D) Putting their lives on the line to defend the Union

Question 14

Advocates of secession claimed the federal government failed to enforce what key laws protecting the rights of slaveholders?

A) Lecompton Constitution and Dred Scott decision
B) Fugitive Slave Act and Lecompton Constitution
C) Dred Scott decision and Missouri Compromise
D) Fugitive Slave Act and Dred Scott decision

Question 15

Early in the war, why was Lincoln's greatest fear that the war would be perceived as one against slavery rather than one in defense of the Union?

A) The South would refuse to trade with the North.
B) Northern whites might refuse to fight.
C) The four slave states in the Union might secede.
D) Slaves would flock to the North and overwhelm communities.

Question 16

How did most Northerners respond to Lincoln's call for war?

A) They rushed to support the president and the war effort.
B) They hesitated, wishing to protect their economic ties with the South.
C) Most had to be coerced into joining the militia.
D) They agreed to fight but worried that their victory would result in freedom for blacks.

Question 17

During the Civil War, American Indians were

A) neutral and managed to stay out of the war by migrating farther west.
B) divided, and various tribes fought on either side.
C) against the Confederacy because slavery weakened their own economic opportunities.
D) against the Union because the federal government violated their rights repeatedly.

Question 18

The Union responded to the early string of defeats by

A) ordering a blockade of southern deep-water ports.
B) immediately calling for 200,000 more troops.
C) discussing another alternative-accepting the South's secession.
D) calling on the British for assistance.

Question 19

Secession by the first seven states created anxiety for northern textile manufacturers because they feared

A) for their lives in the battle that would ensue.
B) the permanent loss of the cotton crop.
C) the loss of southern laborers to work in their factories.
D) that they, too, would be enslaved if the Confederates had their way.

Question 20

With the election of Abraham Lincoln, southern slaveholders

A) were relieved that a wealthy man from the Midwest was elected.
B) were cautiously hopeful that his moderate views of slavery would protect slavery.
C) felt he jeopardized the future of slavery.
D) were fiercely divided over his candidacy and election.

Question 21

Free blacks in the North responded to the Emancipation Proclamation with

A) resentment because it was too little, too late.
B) celebrations at churches across the North.
C) cautious, quiet hope.
D) vigor and took to the streets with arms.

Question 22

What was the first established group of African American soldiers to fight in the Civil War?

A) First Kansas Colored Volunteers
B) Massachusetts Fifty-fourth
C) First South Carolina Volunteers
D) African American Fighters

Question 23

How did changing technologies of weaponry affect the Civil War?

A) Shortwave radios increased communication between leadership and enlisted men.
B) Advanced binoculars and other lenses for viewing distances transformed warfare.
C) The invention of the bulletproof vest saved thousands of lives.
D) New conical shaped bullets made rifles more accurate and deadly.

Question 24

General Robert E. Lee was motivated to attack Union forces in Pennsylvania because he

A) had defeated a Union force twice the size of his own in Virginia.
B) wanted to show the Confederacy that he was their real leader.
C) was desperate to end the war because he was running out of men.
D) had secret intelligence on the weaknesses of the Union troops in Pennsylvania.

Question 25

Victory in what bloody battle opened up the Mississippi valley to Union troops?

A) Bull Run
B) Battle of Shiloh
C) Fort Sumter
D) Gettysburg

Question 26

What effect did the Civil War have on the economy of the North?

A) Production increased, but profits did not.
B) Production, efficiency, and jobs all increased.
C) Although production remained steady, many jobs remained unfilled.
D) Profits skyrocketed while efficiency suffered.

Question 27

In 1863, what development caused four days of the worst rioting Americans had yet seen?

A) The draft law
B) The surrender of the North
C) The extension of suffrage to black men
D) A food shortage across the North

Question 28

What necessity were many soldiers without as they rushed into battle during the Civil War?

A) Weapons
B) Armor
C) Shoes
D) Uniforms

Question 29

How did the Civil War efforts of women in the South differ from those in the North?

A) Southern women engaged in individual, uncoordinated efforts to help.
B) Southern women provided more medical care than northern women.
C) Northern women were more likely to work for pay, while southern women volunteered.
D) Northern women were more likely to cross-dress and fight as soldiers.

Question 30

What was the United States' largest employer at the end of the Civil War?

A) The shipping industry
B) The manufacturing industry
C) The agricultural industry
D) The federal government

Question 31

Who authorized the creation of a national currency during the war?

A) The president
B) The Supreme Court
C) Congress
D) Military officers

Question 32

In what parts of the United States was slavery abolished under the Emancipation Proclamation?

A) Everywhere, from sea to sea
B) Only in the Union states
C) Only in the Confederate states
D) Only in those states where slavery was still legal

Question 33

By 1860, manufacturing in the North outnumbered that in the South by what ratio?

A) Two to one
B) Six to one
C) Ten to one
D) Fifty to one

Question 34

What led to the acceptance of women serving as military nurses?

A) They proved they were more capable than men.
B) There was a severe shortage of nurses and doctors.
C) Men were needed more on the battlefield than in the medical tent.
D) The U.S. Sanitary Commission lobbied for it.

Question 35

Northern manufacturing recovered from the loss of southern cotton by

A) producing woolen clothing.
B) trading with France to get cotton.
C) closing down; textile manufacturing never recovered.
D) shifting their production efforts to recycling cotton fabric.

Question 36

What was the Enrollment Act of March 1863?

A) Northerners were required to register their personal worth with the federal bank.
B) Northern women were required to work in government factories.
C) Boys under the age of 18 were required to work in government factories.
D) Enlistment in military service was required.

Question 37

On what basis did the Emancipation Proclamation justify the abolition of slavery?

A) Political grounds
B) Economic grounds
C) Moral grounds
D) Military grounds

Question 38

During the Civil War, northern farmers and workers

A) capitalized on the labor shortage and earned record profits.
B) worked hard to keep afloat and managed to come out ahead.
C) worked harder than ever and suffered tremendously.
D) took out loans from the federal government to support business investments.

Question 39

What developments forced the South to industrialize during the Civil War?

A) It was too expensive to buy goods from the North anymore.
B) The war forbade trade with the North for goods.
C) Europe refused to trade with the South at all.
D) The South had a surplus of labor and supplies.

Question 40

Southerners were opposed to forced service in the Confederate army because they

A) were against the war in the first place.
B) did not want to fight to protect slaveholders.
C) felt it undermined the tradition of states' rights.
D) felt it unfairly punished slaveholders.

Question 41

As the Civil War approached its final stages, General Ulysses S. Grant

A) grew weary of the war and decided to target the Confederate president.
B) hoped to take Atlanta, cut the South in two, and end the war.
C) embraced a strategy of total war, attacking both civilian and military targets.
D) called for a war of attrition to minimize violence and death.

Question 42

What were the terms of Field Order Number 15 issued by General William T. Sherman?

A) Each former slave who served in the Union army was entitled to 40 acres and a mule.
B) Former slaves were allocated 400,000 acres of former Confederate land.
C) It was an official amends for the heartless treatment his troops had given former slaves.
D) All former slaves were to head to Union camps and await further directions.

Question 43

What is meant by the phrase "war of attrition"?

A) Struggle existed between two parties for whom all things are equal.
B) The larger, better supplied side wears down its opponents slowly.
C) One side falsely attributes victory to the other side as a way of manipulating them.
D) The goal is to slowly and secretly build up the size of your force.

Question 44

As Sherman's troops marched across the South, thousands of slaves joined them, so the troops

A) provided the slaves with food, clothing, and medical care.
B) didn't give the slaves anything but allowed them to march north with them.
C) gave whatever supplies they could spare to the slaves and left them behind.
D) refused to take the slaves north with them.

Question 45

When Union forces took control of Atlanta, Georgia, it

A) meant the North could shut down the southern slave trade.
B) was the first battle in a year in which more Confederate than Union men were killed.
C) inspired Grant to march seaward and destroy everything in his path.
D) cut the South in two and ensured its defeat.

Question 46

What did the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution achieve?

A) The right to vote for any black man over the age of 18
B) The right of citizenship for anyone regardless of race
C) The abolition of slavery and involuntary servitude
D) The execution of Confederate leaders for treason