Deck 4: Circulatory System

Question 1

Which of the following is more likely to occur in a coronary occlusion?

A) Rheumatic fever
B) Congenital heart disease
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Arteriosclerotic heart disease

Answer 1

Myocardial infarction

Question 2

What is a defibrillator?

A) An instrument used to cause fibrillation
B) An instrument used to stop fibrillation
C) A cardiac arrhythmia marked by rapid, uncoordinated contractions
D) Impairment in the conduction of the impulse to some part of the heart

Answer 2

An instrument used to stop fibrillation

Question 3

Pulmonary arteries transport deoxygenated blood to which part of the body?

A) The lungs
B) The left atrium of the heart
C) The superior vena cava
D) The right atrium of the heart

Answer 3

The lungs

Question 4

What does diastole mean?

A) Increased pulse rate
B) Decreased blood pressure
C) Contraction of the heart
D) Relaxation of the ventricles

Question 5

What is the name for the membrane that forms the lining inside the heart?

A) Endocardium
B) Pericardium
C) Myocardium
D) Mediastinum

Question 6

Which term means cardiac arrest?

A) Arrhythmia
B) Asystole
C) Diastole
D) Systole

Question 7

What does tachycardia mean?

A) Increased blood pressure
B) Increased pulse rate
C) Decreased blood pressure
D) Decreased pulse rate

Question 8

What does cardiovascular pertain to?

A) Blood vessels surrounding the heart
B) Diseases of the heart
C) Blood vessels and the heart
D) Contraction of the heart

Question 9

Which of the following combining forms refers to a specific type of blood vessel?

A) Phleb(o)
B) Vas(o)
C) Angi(o)
D) Lymph(o)

Question 10

How many flaps of tissue does a tricuspid valve have?

A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Question 11

What does angioplasty mean?

A) Any disease of an artery
B) Any disease of a blood vessel
C) Surgical repair of a blood vessel
D) Surgical repair of an artery

Question 12

What do atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects have in common?

A) They are the cause of all congenital heart diseases.
B) In both cases, blood flows from the right atrium to the left atrium.
C) In both cases, blood flows from the right ventricle to the left ventricle.
D) In both cases, there is an abnormal opening in the partition that separates the right and left sides of the heart.

Question 13

What is the meaning of asystole?

A) Increased pulse
B) Variation in the normal rhythm of the heart
C) Absence of a heart beat
D) Lack of heart relaxation

Question 14

Which term means abnormal enlargement of an atrium?

A) Atrioseptoplasty
B) Atrialmegaly
C) Atriomegaly
D) Atrialseptoplasty

Question 15

Which of the following is an abnormal opening in part of the septum dividing the two ventricles?

A) Ventriculoplasty
B) Ventriculitis
C) Ventricular septal defect
D) Coronary heart disease

Question 16

Which of the following is not a function of the lymphatic system?

A) Aids in the absorption of fats
B) Delivers nutrients to fluids surrounding the cells
C) Helps defend the body against microorganisms
D) Returns proteins and tissue fluids to the blood

Question 17

What is the term for inflammation of the sac that encloses the heart?

A) Endocarditis
B) Pericarditis
C) Myocarditis
D) Coronary heart disease

Question 18

What is the general term for the management of coronary artery occlusions by any of the catheter-based techniques?

A) Atherectomy
B) Balloon angioplasty
C) Intracoronary stent
D) Percutaneous coronary intervention

Question 19

What is a coronary thrombosis?

A) Formation of a blood clot in an artery that supplies blood to the myocardium
B) Closing off of a coronary artery
C) Narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel
D) A myocardial infarction

Question 20

The term ventricles pertains to what particular structures?

A) Vessels and chambers of the heart
B) Chambers of the heart or lungs
C) Chambers of the heart or brain
D) Chambers of the heart or liver

Question 21

Which of the following means the arrest of heart contraction as may be induced by chemicals during surgery?

A) Cardioplegia
B) Lymphostasis
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 22

Which term means suture of the spleen?

A) Splenectomy
B) Splenorrhagia
C) Splenorrhaphy
D) Splenorrhexis

Question 23

What is a general term that designates primary disease of the heart muscle itself?

A) Myocardial
B) Myocarditis
C) Cardiomyopathy
D) Cardiopathy

Question 24

What is the name of the middle and thickest tissue of the heart, which is composed of cardiac muscle?

A) Endocardium
B) Pericardium
C) Myocardium
D) Mediastinum

Question 25

Which of the following vessels supplies blood to the myocardium?

A) A coronary artery
B) An aorta
C) A vena cava
D) A venule

Question 26

Roy suffers occasional bouts of angina pectoris. Which therapy is more likely prescribed by his physician?

A) A beta-blocker
B) A coronary vasodilator
C) An antiarrhythmic drug
D) An antithrombin factor

Question 27

What is thrombophlebitis?

A) Any venular inflammation
B) Inflammation of a vein associated with a blood clot
C) Bacterial invasion of the blood
D) Arterial inflammation associated with blood clotting problems

Question 28

To what does venular refer?

A) A vein
B) A venule
C) Vasodilation
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 29

What does occlusion mean?

A) Obstruction
B) Heart attack
C) Blood clot
D) Swelling

Question 30

What is a lymphangioma?

A) A tumor composed of blood vessels
B) A tumor composed of lymph vessels
C) An echocardiogram
D) Computed tomography of the lymphatic system

Question 31

What is arteriosclerosis?

A) Thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls
B) The presence of a blood clot in an artery
C) Arterial hemorrhage
D) Rupture of an artery

Question 32

What is not a function of the circulatory system?

A) Maintaining the acid-base balance of the body
B) Supplying oxygen to body cells
C) Moving the body
D) Defending the body against microorganisms

Question 33

Which of the following forms the basis for the term atherosclerosis?

A) Blood clot
B) Occlusion of an artery
C) Fatty deposits on hardened arterial walls
D) Cyanosis of the upper extremities

Question 34

Which of the following words describes hardened tissue?

A) Sclerotic
B) Occluded
C) Thrombotic
D) Fibrillated

Question 35

What is the record produced by ultrasonography of the heart?

A) An electrocardiogram
B) An echocardiogram
C) A tomogram
D) A sonogram

Question 36

What is the name of the membrane that surrounds the heart?

A) Endocardium
B) Pericardium
C) Myocardium
D) Mediastinum

Question 37

What is an arteriopathy?

A) Roentgenography of blood vessels
B) Any disease of blood vessels
C) Any disease of the arteries
D) Any disease of the veins

Question 38

Which of the following is a word that means abnormal smallness of the heart?

A) Cardiomegaly
B) Cardiomyopathy
C) Megalocardia
D) Microcardia

Question 39

Which of the following means an expandable meshlike structure that is used to keep partially occluded vessels open?

A) Angiogram
B) Excimer
C) Stent
D) Vasodilatation

Question 40

Which term means a localized dilation or ballooning out of the wall of a blood vessel?

A) Aneurysm
B) Atrium
C) Beta-blocker
D) Coronary occlusion

Question 41

Which of the following is a cardiac arrhythmia marked by rapid contractions of the ventricles?

A) Microcardia
B) Atrial septal defect
C) Ventricular fibrillation
D) Myocardial infarction

Question 42

What is lymphedema?

A) Destruction of the lymphatics
B) Swelling caused by an obstruction of the lymphatics
C) The fluid transported by the lymphatics
D) Excision of a lymph node

Question 43

To what does the term mediastinum refer?

A) A space in the middle of the thoracic cavity
B) The largest vessel that carries blood to the heart
C) The largest vessel that carries blood away from the heart
D) The middle layer of heart tissue

Question 44

Which of the following is characteristic of the artery in arterial stenosis?

A) Hardened
B) Soft
C) Dilated
D) Narrowed

Question 45

What is the name of an agent that reduces high blood pressure?

A) Contraindication
B) Antihypertensive
C) Arrhythmic
D) Endarterectomy

Question 46

Which term means a decrease in the diameter of a blood vessel?

A) Angiorrhaphy
B) Angiorrhexis
C) Vasoconstriction
D) Vasodilatation

Question 47

What is myocarditis?

A) Damaged heart valves
B) Caused by insufficient oxygen
C) An example of a cardiomyopathy
D) A congenital heart disease

Question 48

What is atrioseptoplasty?

A) An enlargement of the atrium
B) A congenital heart disease
C) Something that may be used to correct an atrial septal defect
D) Something that may be recognized as an abnormal opening in the septum

Question 49

Which term means the same as venous stasis?

A) Phlebitis
B) Phlebostasis
C) Venography
D) Venosclerosis

Question 50

Which of the following is a portable electrocardiograph?

A) Holter monitor
B) Sphygmomanometer
C) Stethoscope
D) Vasodilator

Question 51

What is the name of the instrument that records electrical currents generated by the heart?

A) Electrogram
B) Electrocardiogram
C) Electrocardiograph
D) Electrocardiography

Question 52

Which is the smallest blood vessel?

A) Artery
B) Arteriole
C) Vein
D) Capillary

Question 53

Which condition is characterized by occlusion of a vessel of the brain by an embolus, thrombus, or cerebrovascular hemorrhage or spasm?

A) Cardiac tamponade
B) Cerebrovascular accident
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Pulmonary embolism

Question 54

What is hemopericardium?

A) A type of myocardial infarction
B) A congenital heart disease
C) A blood dyscrasia
D) An effusion of blood within the pericardium

Question 55

Which of the following means excision of the tonsils and adenoids?

A) Tonsilloadenectomy
B) Tonsilloadenoidectomy
C) Tonsilloadenotomy
D) Tonsilloadenoidotomy

Question 56

Which term means a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part?

A) Mediastinum
B) Aneurysm
C) Hyperkinesia
D) Ischemia

Question 57

Which of the following describes the sequence of blood flow (not all structures are included)?

A) Left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, right atrium
B) Left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, lungs
C) Right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, aorta
D) Right ventricle, right atrium, left atrium, aorta

Question 58

What does endocardial mean?

A) The inner membrane of the heart
B) An endoenzyme of the heart
C) Inflammation of the endocardium
D) Situated or occurring inside the heart

Question 59

Which of the following helps to eliminate superficial varicose veins by injection of an agent directly into the veins?

A) Phlebectomy
B) Phlebotomy
C) Sclerotherapy
D) Thrombosis

Question 60

Which of the following is more likely to occur if the heart works harder to compensate for deficient cardiac function?

A) Arteriosclerosis
B) Cardiomegaly
C) Microcardia
D) Ventricular fibrillation

Question 61

All of the following are atrioventricular valves except which one?

A) Mitral
B) Bicuspid
C) Tricuspid
D) Semilunar

Question 62

Which of the following is considered an invasive diagnostic procedure?

A) Ultrasound
B) Sonography
C) Computed tomography
D) Cardiac catheterization

Question 63

What does phlebotomy mean?

A) A condition of varicose veins
B) Venous thrombosis
C) Removal of a vein or a segment of a vein
D) Opening a vein for removal of blood

Question 64

What is radiologic study of the heart and its great vessels called?

A) Angiogram
B) Angiography
C) Angiocardiogram
D) Angiocardiography

Question 65

Which is true of ventricular fibrillation?

A) It is an absence of heart contractions.
B) It is a type of heart block with impaired conduction of the impulse.
C) It is a cardiac arrhythmia marked by rapid, uncoordinated contractions.
D) It is an electronic apparatus used to shock the heart.

Question 66

Which term means using electrical shock to restore the normal rhythm of the heart?

A) Cardioversion
B) Cardiopulmonary bypass
C) Calcium channel blocker
D) Laser angioplasty

Question 67

Which type of solution is commonly used to stop heart contractions when performing surgery on the heart itself?

A) Cardiodiaphragmatic
B) Cardiodynia
C) Cardioplegic
D) Cardiovalvular

Question 68

Which structure is considered to be the natural pacemaker of the heart?

A) Sinoatrial node
B) Bundle of His
C) Purkinje fibers
D) Atrioventricular node

Question 69

Which of the following is commonly used in a cardiopulmonary bypass?

A) Aortic regurgitator
B) Cardiac tamponade
C) Pump oxygenator
D) Subtraction angiography

Question 70

What is inflammation of the valves of the heart?

A) Angiocarditis
B) Myocarditis
C) Cardiovalvulitis
D) Angiostenosis

Question 71

Which of the following means inflammation of the largest artery in the body?

A) Aortitis
B) Arteritis
C) Phlebitis
D) Osteitis

Question 72

What causes the heart to contract?

A) The cardiac center in the brain
B) Chemicals produced by the brain and transported by the blood
C) The atrioventricular valve
D) The sinoatrial node

Question 73

Which term means pertaining to the membrane that surrounds the heart?

A) Endocardium
B) Epicardium
C) Myocardial
D) Pericardial

Question 74

A 21-year-old patient's blood pressure is 150/80 mm Hg at rest. Which of the following is a correct statement?

A) The systolic pressure is decreased.
B) The diastolic pressure is decreased.
C) The systolic pressure is increased.
D) The diastolic pressure is increased.

Question 75

Blood pressure measures the amount of pressure on the wall of which of the following?

A) Capillaries
B) Arteries
C) Veins
D) Heart

Question 76

Brittany's anatomy class is learning about the mediastinum. Which of the following structures is not located in the mediastinum?

A) Esophagus
B) Heart
C) Stomach
D) Trachea

Question 77

Which term applies to a pulse rate of 40 beats per minute at rest?

A) Hypotension
B) Hypertension
C) Tachycardia
D) Bradycardia

Question 78

What is cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

A) A diagnostic procedure that uses sound waves to produce an image of internal structures
B) A noninvasive diagnostic procedure that produces images of organ cross-sections
C) An emergency first-aid procedure used to reestablish heart and lung action
D) A life-saving procedure in which the heart is shocked by the use of electrodes on the chest

Question 79

Which of the following is a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is introduced through an incision into a large blood vessel and threaded through the circulatory system to the heart?

A) Cardiac catheterization
B) Digital subtraction angiography
C) Positron emission tomography
D) Thallium stress test

Question 80

What is the meaning of angiectomy?

A) Excision of a blood vessel
B) Incision of a blood vessel
C) Making a new opening in a vessel
D) Cutting into a vessel