Deck 10: Nervous System

Question 1

What is the term for special cells of the nervous system that serve the function of special support and protection?

A) Sensory nerve cells
B) Motor nerve cells
C) Axons
D) Neuroglia or glial cells

Answer 1

Neuroglia or glial cells

Question 2

What is neurotripsy?

A) Plastic repair of a nerve
B) Surgical crushing of a nerve
C) Loosening of adhesions surrounding a nerve
D) Spontaneous disintegration of nerve tissue

Answer 2

Surgical crushing of a nerve

Question 3

What is another term for hyperactivity?

A) Hyperemia
B) Hyperkinesia
C) Macrodontia
D) Megalomania

Answer 3

Hyperkinesia

Question 4

Loss of consciousness resulting from a blow to the head is an example of which of the following?

A) Cerebral concussion
B) Cerebral palsy
C) Ménière disease
D) Narcolepsy

Question 5

Which disorders are characterized by anticipation of impending danger and dread, the source of which is largely unknown or unrecognized?

A) Antisocial behaviors
B) Anxiety disorders
C) Hypoalgesias
D) Manias

Question 6

Which term describes use of a system of three-dimensional coordinates to locate a site to be operated on or irradiated?

A) Psychoanalysis
B) Nerve block anesthesia
C) Vagotomy
D) Stereotaxis

Question 7

What is the term for the cell processes that conduct impulses toward the cell body of a neuron?

A) Neuroglia
B) Nodes of Ranvier
C) Dendrites
D) Neurilemma

Question 8

Which term describes a subjective sensation, experienced as numbness, tingling, or "pins and needles" feeling, often in the absence of an external stimulus?

A) Epidural anesthesia
B) Paraplegia
C) Paresthesia
D) Compulsion

Question 9

What is the term for a brief interruption of blood flow to the brain that sometimes precedes a stroke?

A) Epilepsy
B) Narcolepsy
C) Thrombotic embolus
D) Transient ischemic attack

Question 10

Which term means an abnormal, uncontrollable, and recurrent urge to steal?

A) Automania
B) Kleptomania
C) Pseudomania
D) Pyromania

Question 11

Which term describes inflammation of the cavities where cerebrospinal fluid is formed?

A) Ventriculitis
B) Encephalitis
C) Meningitis
D) Vagotomy

Question 12

Which term means an irrational fear of heights?

A) Acrophobia
B) Agoraphobia
C) Claustrophobia
D) Zoophobia

Question 13

Which term means an impairment of the ability to read, resulting from a variety of pathologic causes?

A) Agoraphobia
B) Autism
C) Dyslexia
D) Myasthenia

Question 14

The peripheral nervous system has two parts. Which of these two carries a message from receptors to the central nervous system?

A) Afferent
B) Efferent
C) Motor
D) Autonomic

Question 15

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter?

A) Nerve block
B) Cranioplasty
C) Dopamine
D) Glioma

Question 16

What is the responsibility of acetylcholinesterase?

A) Rapid transmission along the nerve fiber
B) Rapid transmission at the neuromuscular junction
C) Rapid transmission at the synapse
D) Inactivation of acetylcholine

Question 17

What is the cause of a cerebrovascular accident?

A) Damaged cerebral cortex
B) Damaged cerebral hemisphere
C) Diseased cerebral meninges
D) Damaged blood vessels in the brain

Question 18

What is difficult, poorly articulated speech, usually caused by damage to a central or peripheral motor nerve called?

A) Dysarthria
B) Dementia
C) Meningioma
D) Stereotaxis

Question 19

What is the name of the subdivision of the efferent system that is responsible for voluntary movement?

A) Visceral
B) Somatic
C) Autonomic
D) Automatic

Question 20

Which response involves both the mind and the body?

A) Gamma knife
B) Contusion
C) Psychopharmacology
D) Psychobiological

Question 21

What is pyromania?

A) Excessive preoccupation with food
B) One who has insatiable craving for food
C) Excessive preoccupation with fires
D) One who has excessive preoccupation with fires

Question 22

Where is the mass of blood located in a subdural hematoma?

A) Within the spinal canal
B) Within the bone marrow
C) Between the spinal cord and its bony encasement
D) Between two of the meninges

Question 23

What is an encephalomyelopathy?

A) Hardening of brain tissue
B) A pathologic condition of morbid softening of the brain
C) Any disease involving the brain and spinal cord
D) Any disease involving the bone marrow and the skull

Question 24

What does afferent mean?

A) Carrying of impulses toward a center
B) Carrying of impulses from a center of action
C) A special type of neuron
D) A special type of neuroglia

Question 25

What is cerebral meningitis?

A) Inflammation of the cerebellum
B) Inflammation of the medulla
C) Inflammation of the meninges of the brain
D) Inflammation of the meninges of the spinal cord

Question 26

Which part of the nervous system carries impulses to involuntary muscles and glands?

A) Somatic
B) Autonomic
C) Central
D) Afferent

Question 27

Which of the following terms means radiology of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium into the subarachnoid space?

A) Myelography
B) Myelogram
C) Arachnography
D) Arachnograph

Question 28

What is an aneurysm?

A) Herniation of an organ or a part of it into the cavity that contains the organ
B) Ballooning out of a wall of a vessel
C) Cerebral hemorrhage
D) A cerebral concussion

Question 29

What is a decrease in sensation in response to stimulation of the sensory nerves called?

A) Cerebral embolus
B) Deep tendon reflex
C) Hyperalgesia
D) Hypoalgesia

Question 30

In comparing a neurosis and a psychosis, which of the following is true?

A) A neurosis involves gross distortion of external reality or disorganization of personality, but a psychosis does not.
B) A psychosis involves gross distortion of external reality or disorganization of personality, but a neurosis does not.
C) A psychosis requires the use of antianxiety drugs, but a neurosis does not.
D) Convulsions occur in a neurosis but do not occur in a psychosis.

Question 31

Which part of the nervous system conducts impulses to skeletal muscle and is under conscious control?

A) Somatic
B) Autonomic
C) Central
D) Afferent

Question 32

Which of the following means pain of many nerves?

A) Neuralgia
B) Neurodynia
C) Neuritis
D) Polyneuralgia

Question 33

Which term means the record produced when ultrasonic waves record structural aspects of the brain?

A) Echoencephalogram
B) Echoencephalography
C) Electroencephalogram
D) Electroencephalography

Question 34

Which of the following means inflammation of the cerebellum?

A) Cerebellumitis
B) Cerebritis
C) Diencephalitis
D) Cerebellitis

Question 35

The spinal cord is part of which system?

A) Peripheral nervous system
B) Central nervous system
C) Afferent system
D) Efferent system

Question 36

Which of the following involves irreversible loss of memory, disorientation, and speech and gait disturbances and is a form of dementia caused by atrophy of frontal and occipital lobes?

A) Lou Gehrig disease
B) Alzheimer disease
C) Parkinson disease
D) Meniere disease

Question 37

Which of the following means accumulation of blood within brain tissue?

A) Epidural hematoma
B) Intracerebral hematoma
C) Subdural hematoma
D) Cerebral concussion

Question 38

Which term means paralysis of one side of the body?

A) Diplegia
B) Hemiplegia
C) Quadriplegia
D) Paraplegia

Question 39

Which medications are used as sedatives to produce a calming effect?

A) Thrombolytics
B) Antipyretics
C) Anticonvulsants
D) Hypnotics

Question 40

What is narcolepsy?

A) Addiction to narcotics
B) A seizure or sudden attack of sleep
C) A seizure characterized by convulsive attacks
D) Treatment of disease with narcotics

Question 41

Which of the following is used to assess the degree of consciousness in the critically ill?

A) Glasgow Coma Scale
B) Encephalography
C) Deep tendon reflex
D) Myelography

Question 42

Which of the following is a group of disorders that are characterized by symptoms suggesting physical illness for which there are no demonstrable organic causes or physiologic dysfunctions?

A) Bipolar disorders
B) Mood disorders
C) Psychiatric disorders
D) Somatoform disorders

Question 43

What is radiography of the brain called?

A) Echocardiography
B) Aneurysmectomy
C) Sleep studies
D) Encephalography

Question 44

Which of the following is an abnormal emotional state characterized by exaggerated feelings of sadness, despair, discouragement, emptiness, and hopelessness?

A) Mania
B) Pyromania
C) Dissociative disorder
D) Clinical depression

Question 45

What is the occurrence of a sensation in the absence of the appropriate stimulus?

A) Pseudesthesia
B) Pseudomania
C) Hyperesthesia
D) Hypesthesia

Question 46

Which of the following is a nervous condition characterized by chronic weakness, easy fatigability, and sometimes exhaustion?

A) Neurosclerosis
B) Neurasthenia
C) Neurorrhaphy
D) Neurectomy

Question 47

What does algesia mean?

A) Pain
B) Sensitivity to pain
C) Oversensitivity to pain
D) Undersensitivity to pain

Question 48

Which type of stroke is caused by the rupture of a cerebral artery?

A) Hemorrhagic
B) Thrombotic
C) Embolic
D) Paranoia

Question 49

Which of the following is a neurodevelopmental disorder?

A) Alzheimer disease
B) Autism
C) Obsession
D) Agoraphobia

Question 50

Which class of drug is used to treat cognitive failure associated with dementia?

A) Neuroleptics
B) Cholinesterase inhibitors
C) Mood stabilizers
D) Benzodiazepines

Question 51

Which part of the brain is associated with hearing and smell?

A) The insula
B) The occipital lobes
C) The temporal lobes
D) The parietal lobes

Question 52

Which of these is a radiographic procedure used to visualize the vascular system of the brain after injection of a radiopaque contrast medium?

A) Echoencephalography
B) Electroencephalography
C) Superficial reflex
D) Cerebral angiography

Question 53

What is a peripheral neuropathy?

A) Any disease of the central nervous system
B) Any tumor of the peripheral nerves
C) Any disease of the peripheral nerves
D) Any disorder of multiple nerves

Question 54

What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale?

A) Assesses the degree of conscious impairment in critically ill patients
B) Locates abscesses, tumors, or hematomas that are responsible for coma
C) Measures the degree of memory loss after recovering from a coma
D) Provides a record of seizures, lesions, and several functional disturbances

Question 55

Which of these is used to redirect cerebrospinal fluid from one area to another using a tube or an implanted device?

A) Serotonin
B) The midbrain
C) A shunt
D) A vagotomy

Question 56

What does hyperalgesia mean?

A) An agent that relieves pain
B) Increased sensitivity to pain
C) Decreased sensitivity to pain
D) Relieving pain without causing loss of consciousness

Question 57

Which of the following is a type of behavioral disorder characterized by loss of contact with the environment and disintegration of the personality?

A) Mental retardation
B) Dementia
C) Neurosis
D) Schizophrenia

Question 58

What does intracranial mean?

A) Within the brain
B) Between the two cerebral hemispheres
C) Within the skull
D) Between the two sides of the brain

Question 59

What does semicoma mean?

A) Profound state of consciousness
B) Profound state of unconsciousness
C) Mild state of unconsciousness from which the patient can be aroused
D) Faked state of unconsciousness due to loss of contact with reality

Question 60

Which is true concerning pseudoplegia?

A) It involves loss of contact with reality.
B) It involves extreme changes in one's personality.
C) There is loss of muscular power without real paralysis.
D) There is false or pretended neurosis.

Question 61

What is the junction between two neurons called?

A) Neuromuscular junction
B) Neuroglandular junction
C) Synapse
D) Dendrite

Question 62

Which of the following is a severe form of food poisoning caused by a powerful bacterial neurotoxin in improperly canned or preserved foods?

A) Antisepsis
B) Botulism
C) Keratitis
D) Tetanus

Question 63

What is the gray matter that covers the cerebrum?

A) Cerebral fissure
B) Cerebral cortex
C) Cerebral hemisphere
D) Diencephalon

Question 64

Which system carries a message from the receptors to the central nervous system?

A) Efferent
B) Afferent
C) Parasympathetic
D) Sympathetic

Question 65

What do adrenergic fibers release?

A) Epinephrine
B) Acetylcholines
C) Synapse
D) Canaliculus

Question 66

What is an agent that relieves pain without loss of consciousness?

A) An analgia
B) An anxiolytic
C) An analgesic
D) An anticonvulsant

Question 67

What is the name of the condition in which paralysis of similar parts occurs on both sides of the body?

A) Diplegia
B) Hemiplegia
C) Paraplegia
D) Quadriplegia

Question 68

Which of the following is a type of headache?

A) Coccygeal
B) Cluster
C) Bulimic
D) Carpoptosis

Question 69

Which of these is a motor function disorder caused by a permanent, nonprogressive brain defect present at birth or occurring shortly thereafter?

A) Cerebral palsy
B) Bell palsy
C) Parkinson disease
D) Patellar response

Question 70

What are efferent nerve cells also called?

A) Efferent receptors
B) Sensory nerve cells
C) Motor nerve cells
D) Central nerve cells

Question 71

What is the substance that is released at the neuromuscular junction that leads to contraction of muscle?

A) Myelin
B) Neurasthenia
C) ADHD
D) Acetylcholine

Question 72

Which is a pretended mental disorder?

A) Pseudomania
B) Hypesthesia
C) Neurosis
D) Psychosis

Question 73

Which of the following describes paralysis of one arm?

A) Quadriplegia
B) Bell palsy
C) Paraplegia
D) Monoplegia

Question 74

Which of the following terms means release of a nerve sheath by cutting it longitudinally, loosening of adhesions surrounding a nerve, or disintegration of nerve tissue?

A) Neurosclerosis
B) Neurolysis
C) Neurotripsy
D) Neuroplasty

Question 75

Which of the following is not one of the meninges?

A) Dura mater
B) Pia mater
C) Arachnoid
D) Ventricle

Question 76

What does intrathecal mean?

A) Within the brain
B) Within the skull
C) Within the spinal canal
D) Within the meninges

Question 77

What is the name of the drilled opening in the cranium used to remove localized fluid and blood beneath the dura?

A) Burr hole
B) Shunt
C) Microglia
D) Oligodendrocyte

Question 78

Which system is composed of the brain and spinal cord?

A) Central nervous system
B) Peripheral nervous system
C) Sympathetic nervous system
D) Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 79

Which of the following is true of an axon?

A) It is a type of nerve cell that is star shaped.
B) It is a type of nerve cell that phagocytizes microbes and cellular debris.
C) It is a cytoplasmic process on a neuron that conducts impulses toward the cell body.
D) It is a cytoplasmic process on a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body.

Question 80

What is the function of neuroglia?

A) Conduct impulses to the central nervous system
B) Conduct impulses away from the central nervous system
C) Provide support and protection
D) Integrate data to determine an appropriate response