Deck 9: New Perspectives: Prospects for the Future

Question 1

Explain your interpretation of the terms "Eurocentric," "Afrocentric," and "Asiacentric."

Answer 1

Eurocentric:
This term refers to idea of E expectionalism, where it emphasizes importance of western civilization and its development. The products manufactured in the E countries will reflect their cultural values. It is the practice where it is conscious on emphasis on E Concerns, its cultures and values at the cost of those of other cultures.
Afro centric:
This is a cultural theory limited in the US country and it is devoted to the black citizens. This is response to global cultural attitudes about A people and their contributions and their ideological focus.
Asia centric:
This is special focus on A citizens representing their cultures, traditions, preserving and interacting with people. This is a study of A countries communication for describing their traditional values, evaluating and interpreting practices of communication.

Question 2

are the objectives of "Asiacentricity"?

Answer 2

Asia centric:
This is special focus on A citizens representing their cultures, traditions, preserving and interacting with people. This is a study of A countries communication for describing their traditional values, evaluating and interpreting practices of communication.
Objectives of Asia centric:
The main objectives of Asia centric are as follows:
• To safeguard A words and concepts
• To respect A counties philosophical and religious teachings as principles of ethics
• To safeguard A countries histories as rich contextualization
• To encourage A athletics as analytical structure for space time agreement, emotional delight and nonverbal performance

Question 3

Miike and Yin assert that globalization has increased the importance of an Asiacentric perspective due to the need to "move beyond the Eurocentric structure." What does this mean and do you agree or disagree? Why?

Answer 3

Globalization increased the Asia-centric perspective due to moving beyond Eurocentric structure:
Asia centricity is centering and not marginalizing. It encourages careful and critical engagement of cultural traditions for self expression, self understanding, communal, and inter cultural development.
Asia centric:
This is special focus on A citizens representing their cultures, traditions, preserving and interacting with people. This is a study of A countries communication for describing their traditional values, evaluating and interpreting practices of communication.
Objectives of Asia centric:
The main objectives of Asia centric are as follows:
• To safeguard A words and concepts
• To respect A counties philosophical and religious teachings as principles of ethics
• To safeguard A countries histories as rich contextualization
• To encourage A athletics as analytical structure for space time agreement, emotional delight and nonverbal performance
Asia-centricity is neither Asia-centrism an Asian version of Eurocentrism not ethnocentrism as it does not impose Asian worldview as only the best frame refers non-Asians. It also does not insist at non-Asian cultures and communication from Asian centered standpoint. Asia-centric theory and practice do not have anything to go against other cultures. It can also be rooted in own culture and open to other cultures reciprocating principle of centricity. The concept center in Afro-centric and Asia-centric paradigms are not to be misunderstood as one culture that is centrally opposed to other.
Asia-centricity is more important in globalization age for at least four reasons such as:
1. Role of culture in regionalism
2. Initiative to be de-colonized by Asian mind
3. Need of moving beyond Eurocentric structure of knowledge
4. Emergence of dialogical civilization
Hence the base of Asia centricity is overarching paradigmatic framework delineating four future shapes of intercultural global communication era.

Question 4

essay discusses "multidimensional individual identity" and "shared collective identity." What are some benefits and disadvantages of each type of identity?

Question 5

worldview, according to the essay, influences your perception of the purpose of communication. Examples are given for Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Provide an explanation of how values construct one's view of the purpose of communication in Western society.

Question 6

your reading of the Miike and Yin essay can you isolate what Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Islam have in common? Can those commonalities help cultures understand each other?

Question 7

Explain and contrast Western "rights-consciousness" and Asian "duty-consciousness." How can these two ethical approaches bring about misunderstanding and/or conflict in an intercultural communication encounter between a U.S. American and someone from China or Japan?

Question 8

Miike and Yin believe that a culture's worldview is an excellent tool for understanding and appreciating cultural similarities and differences. Can you think of any other cultural characteristics (family interaction, history, etc.) that can serve as a backdrop for studying intercultural communication?

Question 9

you think of ways that Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, or Islam might influence face-to-face interaction with people who hold a different worldview?

Question 10

Implicit in Kim's essay is the idea that through the exposure to globalization one's original cultural values and behaviors evolve. Provide an empirical example of this concept.

Question 11

According to the essay, in order to become functional in the "globalizing world," one's identity needs to undergo a process of transformation. In your opinion, is this necessary and how may it be achieved?

Question 12

Cross-cultural adaption, according to Kim, is a "communication process." Explain this concept and provide examples.

Question 13

Think about the meaning of "deculturation." Since entering college, what aspects of your identity have undergone deculturation?

Question 14

change from high school to college life is similar to entering a new culture and normally involves some degree of stress. Explain some of the changes that created stress for you and how you adapted. What role did communication play?

Question 15

an experience from your own life to explain how Kim's stress-adaptation-growth dynamic model works.

Question 16

asserts that "culture in its pure form has become more a nostalgic concept than a reality." What does she mean by this? Do you agree? Why?

Question 17

essay concludes with the observation that the changes brought about by globalization can be disquieting to those "individuals, social organizations, communities, and nations that are nostalgic for the age of certainty." Identify some instances where cultural change brought about by globalization is creating conflict between groups and organizations in the United States. What are the ways these conflicts are being communicated?

Question 18

does the word "multiculturalism" mean to you personally?

Question 19

five advantages and five disadvantages of multiculturalism. Discuss the pros and cons of each.

Question 20

Saint-Jacques describes three different perspectives for discussing multiculturalism. Which of the three perspectives is most effective for you personally? Why?

Question 21

are some of the differences and similarities behind the history of immigration in the United States and Canada? Were some aspects more effective than others? If so, which and why?

Question 22

Saint-Jacques identifies four critiques of multiculturalism. Select one of the four and provide your personal opinion; include why the critique is either correct or incorrect.

Question 23

you agree or disagree that immigrants should learn the language of their new nation? Why?

Question 24

does Saint-Jacques mean when he says that governments must treat citizens "as individuals rather than as groups"?

Question 25

Robert Shuter claims that the advent of new media forms is transforming intercultural communication. Using examples, explain this claim.

Question 26

is meant by a "third culture"? How can it be formed through intercultural dialogue?

Question 27

can new media forms facilitate the acculturation process?

Question 28

Shuter indicates that new media appear to have an impact on culture. Select a new media form (e.g., SNS) and provide an example of how it can facilitate cultural change.

Question 29

Provide an example of intercultural communication you have experienced using new media. What problems were encountered and how did you overcome them?

Question 30

indicates that "Western beliefs in freedom of expression, human rights, individual equality, and social justice" contrast with the Chinese "cultural values of harmony, face saving, group interest, and social order." Give some examples of how these contrasting values can produce conflict within an intercultural setting.

Question 31

Explain how understanding cultural values leads to intercultural awareness.

Question 32

Compare Chinese and U.S. ontological perspectives. How can the contrasts influence intercultural communication?

Question 33

explains that cognitive processing, or thinking patterns, differs sharply between Chinese and U.S. Americans. What cultural values underlie and exemplify these separate styles of thinking?

Question 34

According to Chen, an awareness of cultural differences and similarities will not ensure success in intercultural interactions. Do you agree? Explain?

Question 35

essay mentions the "state of third-culture or interculturality." Explain what this means.

Question 36

is "boundary wisdom"?

Question 37

your opinion, can globalization be reversed? Why or why not?