Deck 12: Instructional Assessment

Question 1

Which one of the following statements accurately describes the effect of classroom tests on students' motivation?

A)They promote greater extrinsic motivation for studying classroom material.
B)They promote greater intrinsic motivation for studying classroom material.
C)Essay tests enhance students' motivation to study classroom material; multiple choice tests undermine it.
D)Only performance tests promote facilitating anxiety; paper-pencil tests typically lead to debilitating anxiety.

Answer 1

They promote greater extrinsic motivation for studying classroom material.

Question 2

Which one of the following is considered an ideal use for teacher-developed assessments in relation to diagnosing learning and performance problems?

A)to avoid the large fees that specialist charge.
B)to make recommendations for specialized services.
C)to provide information to help students improve.
D)to diagnose students with specific disabilities.

Answer 2

to provide information to help students improve.

Question 3

A classroom teacher and school psychologist are conferring about Gregory, a boy who works very hard in class yet shows consistently poor performance in any assignments that require reading or writing.Which sources of data should the teacher and psychologist look at as they try to pinpoint the source of Gregory's difficulty?

A)They should focus on standardized test results, which have specifically been developed to assess learning disabilities and other sources of learning difficulty.
B)They should focus on Gregory's performance on weekly classroom tests, which provide ongoing assessment of Gregory's progress.
C)They should conduct an in-depth analysis of Gregory's writing samples, which will be much more informative than test scores.
D)They should look for clues about Gregory's difficulties in both his standardized test results and his classroom tests and assignments.

Answer 3

They should look for clues about Gregory's difficulties in both his standardized test results and his classroom tests and assignments.

Question 4

Which one of the following would typically be most appropriate for assessing the specific things students have learned in a three-week unit about rocks and minerals?

A)a standardized test
B)an assessment instrument with norm-referenced scores
C)a teacher-developed assessment instrument
D)informal assessment

Question 5

The publisher of a standardized test of reading comprehension gives the test to the same group of students on two different occasions.The publisher computes the correlation coefficient between the two sets of scores and obtains a coefficient of .93.Teachers who read this information in the test manual should conclude that the test has:

A)high validity.
B)low validity.
C)high reliability.
D)low reliability.

Question 6

If we say that a particular classroom assessment instrument is highly reliable, we mean that it:

A)accurately assesses whether students have attained the instructional objectives.
B)yields scores that fall in a normal distribution.
C)predicts future success in school.
D)gives us similar results on different occasions.

Question 7

An example of performance assessment is:

A)having students solve several arithmetic word problems.
B)giving students a standardized reading comprehension test.
C)having students write an essay explaining why there are always 180 degrees in the three angles of a triangle.
D)having students do as many push-ups as they can.

Question 8

On a weekly quiz, Mr.Harris asks students in his auto mechanics class to figure out what is wrong with a car when it has a certain set of "symptoms." His students have never considered this particular combination of symptoms before, but they know everything they need to know in order to determine what must be wrong.Mr.Harris's test question illustrates using classroom assessment as a:

A)form of review.
B)learning experience in and of itself.
C)way of giving concrete feedback to students.
D)way of minimizing the negative impact of high-stakes testing.

Question 9

Which one of the following is most likely to be what educators refer to as a standardized test?

A)Ms.Cherniak's students are taking a test asking them to find the diameter, circumference, and area of a circle with a radius of 5 cm; Ms.Cherniak wants to find out if her students know this material well enough to proceed on to spheres.
B)Mr.Cho's students are taking a multiple-choice test, developed by a testing company, that assesses students' knowledge of language, mathematics, and logic; scores on the test have been shown to predict college success with some degree of accuracy.
C)Mr.Conway's fifth graders are taking a test of mathematical word problems requiring addition and subtraction.Mr.Conway has instructed his students to work as quickly as they can so that he can get an idea of whether they have developed automaticity in their ability to solve such problems.
D)Mr.Delaney's eighth graders are taking an objective test on what they have learned in their geography unit on Asia.Students are marking their answers on a bubble sheet with a number two pencil so that Mr.Delaney can have the school computer center score the tests for him.

Question 10

If students complain that a history test was not a good reflection of what they knew, then the test may have low:

A)reliability.
B)objectivity.
C)validity.
D)variability.

Question 11

Which one of the following is the best example of authentic assessment of students' knowledge of ten spelling words?

A)Have the students write a composition that includes all ten words.
B)Ask the students to participate in a spelling bee where they spell the words orally.
C)Give a traditional spelling test in which the teacher says the word, presents it in a sentence, then says the word again and then has the students write the word on a piece of paper.
D)Give the students a multiple-choice test in which they choose the correct spelling of each word from a set of four possible spellings.

Question 12

The "P" in the "RSVP" characteristic of good assessment stands for:

A)practicality.
B)predictability.
C)planning.
D)performance.

Question 13

Ms.Donato begins each new unit with a pre-test.This is an example of:

A)summative evaluation.
B)formative evaluation.
C)standardized test.
D)performance assessment.

Question 14

Which of the following teachers is not using a strategy that is likely to increase the reliability of a classroom assessment instrument?

A)Mr.Hong does not look at students' names on the essays that he is correcting.
B)Mr.LeBlanc asks several questions about the same concept.
C)Ms.Cartier consistently makes tests with.
D)Ms.Lang makes sure that her classroom temperature remains at 15 degrees during tests.

Question 15

Which one of the following is the best example of summative evaluation?

A)Ms.Vickers gives her social studies students a test at the end of a unit to determine how well they have learned the material in the unit.
B)Mr.Waters gives his history students a test at midterm to determine whether he needs to spend more time on certain aspects of Confederation.
C)Ms.Hurley gives her German students weekly exams to make sure they are keeping up with the material.
D)Before beginning a unit on water, Mr.Yanoshita gives his science students a pretest to determine how much they already know.

Question 16

Which one of the following best characterizes how confidence intervals are used in reporting students' scores on standardized tests?

A)They indicate the norm group to which students are being compared.
B)They show the range of ten percentile points in which each student's score falls.
C)They indicate how likely it is that each student has mastered a particular topic.
D)They show the range within which each student's true score probably falls.

Question 17

An example of informal assessment is:

A)asking students to submit their cooperative group projects to be evaluated.
B)observing how various students handle the ball as they play soccer.
C)giving a quiz that counts for only a small fraction of students' grades.
D)giving a five-item short-answer test.

Question 18

Which one of the following is not consistent with the definition of assessment in the textbook?

A)an example of classroom behaviour.
B)an examination of classroom behaviour.
C)inferences about student behaviour.
D)judgments about student behaviour.

Question 19

Three of the following are questions that arise when considering the standardization of an assessment instrument.Which question is not an aspect of standardization?

A)Are all students being assessed over equivalent content?
B)Are all students being judged on the basis of similar criteria?
C)Are students' scores lower when points are taken off for spelling errors?
D)Are time limits the same for everyone performing the assessment task?

Question 20

Midway through a unit on how mountains are formed, Mr.McDonald gives a brief quiz to find out what students do and do not understand.He plans to focus the next few classes on the things about which students are most confused.Mr.McDonald's quiz exemplifies:

A)a norm-referenced test.
B)authentic assessment.
C)a performance assessment.
D)formative evaluation.

Question 21

Which one of the following best reflects the trade-off between practicality and validity?

A)Mr.Andrade is trying to decide whether to assess his students' knowledge about tennis either by giving them a paper-pencil test about the rules of the game or by having them get on the tennis court to show how well they can play the game.
B)Mr.Bowman is trying to decide whether an essay question about Romeo and Juliet or one about The Merchant of Venice would be more suitable for finding out what his students have learned in a unit on Shakespeare.
C)Ms.Chisholm is trying to decide whether to use true-false or to assess her science students' understanding of physics principles related to force, velocity, and acceleration.
D)Ms.Doiron is trying to decide whether or not she should take points off for misspellings when she grades students' history essay exams.

Question 22

Which of the following reliability coefficients is considered to be the most unlikely?

A)-1.00
B)+0.57
C)-0.36
D)+1.00

Question 23

In which one of the following situations do we definitely have a problem with the content validity of a classroom assessment?

A)Ms.Arthur assesses her students' overall physical fitness on Monday; she then assesses it the following Monday.Students who perform well one week are not the same ones who perform well the following week.
B)Ms.Beatty uses a test of mechanical aptitude to determine which students are ready for her physics class.She finds out later that the students who scored worst on the mechanical aptitude test are some of the best students in physics.
C)Ms.Clark tells students to study Chapter 14 but mistakenly gives them a test on Chapter 15 instead.
D)Ms.Donohue devises a test for her class of 35 students that must be given to students one at a time and requires 2 hours for each student.

Question 24

Standardized achievement tests are most helpful to teachers as:

A)a good overall assessment of what students have learned in a particular class or at a particular grade level.
B)a way of monitoring students' general progress in various subject areas over time.
C)a means of determining whether learning problems are due to learning disabilities or, instead, to serious social-emotional problems.
D)a general indication of which students are likely to do well in college.

Question 25

Mr.Wagner always makes his physics tests more difficult by including questions from the footnote sections since he knows that students are unlikely to study them.Mr.Wagner is unlikely concerned about:

A)standardization.
B)content validity.
C)practicality.
D)predictive validity.

Question 26

Ms.Bosko provides students with a physical fitness score from 1 to 3 in physical education.A score of 1 indicates that a student is unable to perform a push-up, a 2 means that they can perform between 1 and 5 push-ups, and a 3 means that they can perform 6 or more push-ups.This score is a:

A)norm-referenced score.
B)standardized score.
C)performance score.
D)criterion referenced score.

Question 27

Mr.O'Hara has developed a test of mechanical aptitude.At the beginning of a course in auto mechanics, he gives this test to his students.At the end of the year, he compares students' scores on the test with their actual achievement in his course.He is probably trying to determine:

A)the practicality of the test.
B)the reliability of the test.
C)the content validity of the test.
D)the predictive validity of the test.

Question 28

Which one of the following is a question about the construct validity of an assessment instrument?

A)Does a teacher-developed test of algebraic reasoning measure what students have learned in their algebra class?
B)Does a teacher-developed test of algebraic reasoning predict students' performance in the calculus class that they will take the following year?
C)Does an instrument called the "Test Anxiety Scale" actually measure test anxiety?
D)Does a performance test in instrumental music tap a representative sample of how much students have learned in their instrumental music class?

Question 29

A teacher can most accurately assess the content validity of a standardized achievement test by:

A)consulting the test manual regarding content validity data for the norm group.
B)comparing the curriculum to a table of specifications for the test.
C)calculating the correlation coefficient between the students' scores on the test and their scores on a similar achievement test.
D)calculating the correlation coefficient between the scores of the norm group and the scores of the students in the classroom.

Question 30

Other things being equal, the norm groups used for standardized tests should be quite large to ensure:

A)that the norm group reflects the population it represents.
B)that the norm group contains some of the students being tested.
C)that the test is of practical value.
D)higher content validity.

Question 31

Which one of the following is the best example of adaptive testing as the textbook describes it?

A)Marvin takes an ability test on a computer.The specific questions that the computer gives him depend on how well he has answered previous questions.
B)A school psychologist asks Darrell a series of questions that assess his knowledge of social skills and his interpretation of various social situations.
C)A teacher gives different tests to different students, depending on their specific skill levels.
D)When giving a final exam, a high school teacher makes special accommodations for a student with a learning disability.

Question 32

The content validity of an assessment instrument tells us whether the instrument:

A)is representative of the domain being measured.
B)predicts how well students will perform in a particular situation.
C)will be relatively easy and inexpensive to use.
D)measures something in a consistent manner.

Question 33

In Ms.Chan's math class, students who complete a classroom assessment receive scores of either "Mastered" or "Not Mastered" in four different areas: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.The type of scores Ms.Chapman is using are called:

A)criterion-referenced scores.
B)raw scores.
C)norm-referenced scores.
D)stanine scores.

Question 34

When we say that an assessment instrument has norms, we mean that it:

A)has cutoffs regarding what is acceptable performance.
B)has a distribution of test scores that fit a bell curve.
C)can be interpreted with reference to others who have taken the assessment.
D)has a manual that provides information about reliability and validity.

Question 35

In which one of the following situations do we definitely have a problem with the predictive validity of a classroom assessment?

A)Ms.Arthur assesses her students' overall physical fitness on Monday; she then assesses it the following Monday.Students who perform well one week are not the same ones who perform well the following week.
B)Ms.Beatty uses a test of mechanical aptitude to determine which students are ready for her physics class.She finds out later that the students who scored worst on the mechanical aptitude test are some of the best students in physics.
C)Ms.Clark tells students to study Chapter 14 but mistakenly gives them a test on Chapter 15 instead.
D)Ms.Donohue devises a test for her class of 35 students that must be given to students one at a time and requires 2 hours for each student.

Question 36

When choosing a standardized achievement test to administer in your own school, three of the following are important considerations.Which one is least likely to be of concern?

A)Does the test have high test-retest reliability?
B)Is the norm group similar to the students at your school?
C)Does the test manual provide clear directions for administering the test?
D)Have the test items been written by people with at least five years of teaching experience?

Question 37

Ability tests differ from achievement tests in that they:

A)measure innate ability.
B)are more heavily dependent on reading and language skills.
C)yield scores that can be used for a long period of time.
D)are less likely to measure what students have learned in school.

Question 38

Which one of the following principles applies to all three forms of validity?

A)an assessment tool may be more valid for some purposes than others.
B)an assessment tool should predict future performance.
C)an assessment should be a valid indicator of student problems.
D)an assessment tool should be standardized.

Question 39

The mathematics teachers of a large high school want to use a test to help them select students who could benefit from an accelerated math class that will include advanced algebra and calculus.The test probably most suitable for this purpose is a:

A)teacher-developed test of general algebra skills.
B)standardized test that assesses students' automaticity for basic arithmetic facts.
C)mathematics ability test.
D)general intelligence test.

Question 40

Which one of the following assessments will definitely be scored in a criterion-referenced fashion?

A)Ivy is taking an achievement test in English.Her score will tell her how her performance compares with that of her classmates.
B)Martin is taking a math test with questions involving ratios.He will get three separate scores reflecting how much he knows about fractions, decimals, and proportions.
C)Millie is taking a physical fitness test in which she and her classmates run a quarter mile, and their times are compared at the end of the test.
D)Leon is taking a Spanish test that will determine whether he should be placed in an advanced section of Spanish II designed for students who have achieved at an especially high level in Spanish I.

Question 41

Which one of the following students is displaying testwiseness as psychologists typically use the term?

A)Malika brings her lucky pencil to a test and makes sure she sits next to her best friend, who is very good at the subject.
B)Nancy starts with the first question of the test and works on each question until she gets the answer, even if it takes a long time.
C)When stumped on a multiple-choice question, Oliver eliminates alternatives that are impossible and then guesses one of the remaining alternatives.
D)Paulina gets copies of previous tests that the teacher has given, and she and her friends look at them as they prepare for the test in their study group.

Question 42

Why is it important to have Canadian adaptations of standardized cognitive tests such as the WISC-IV and the WIAT-II?

A)because comparisons between Canadian and American students will be possible.
B)because Canadian norms are likely to affect how Canadian students perform.
C)because we need information on how Canadian students are performing.
D)because Canadian testing companies are struggling financially

Question 43

A standard score is derived by:

A)identifying the grade level to which the student's test performance is most similar.
B)counting the total number of points the student has earned on all test items.
C)determining how far from average the student's raw score is in terms of standard deviation units.
D)finding out how many students at the same age or grade level obtained lower scores.

Question 44

Which one of the following test items is most likely to have cultural bias?

A)How are a puppy and a kitten alike?
B)Croquet is to mallet as racquetball is to _____.
C)What is the next number in the following series? 5 8 11 14 __
D)What is missing in this picture of a person's foot?

Question 45

Which one of the following is something you should consider when you decide whether to use criterion-referenced scores or norm-referenced scores to reflect what your students have learned on a classroom assessment?

A)Criterion-referenced scores are more useful when you need to compare your students to one another.
B)Criterion-referenced scores are more useful when you need to compare your students' learning to that of "typical" students nationwide.
C)Norm-referenced scores are more useful when you want to assess students' mastery of your instructional objectives.
D)Norm-referenced scores may be helpful when you need to assess a complex skill that is difficult to define in terms of mastery.

Question 46

The standard deviation indicates the __________of a set of scores.

A)variability.
B)reliability.
C)flexibility.
D)average.

Question 47

Which of the following conditions indicates that a cultural bias has occurred?

A)one group gets higher scores than another group.
B)different ethnic groups do not score differently.
C)a test has higher predictive validity for one group compared to another group.
D)a test that can be used to make decisions for some groups but not others.

Question 48

Which one of the following is the best example of high-stakes testing as educators typically use this term?

A)A high school awards diplomas only to students who score above predetermined cutoffs on tests of writing, math, science, and history.
B)A high school teacher gives exams that, in the opinion of students and their parents, are far too difficult for most 16- and 17-year-olds.
C)When administering a series of tests to a middle school student to determine if he has a learning disability, a school psychologist asks questions about the student's religious beliefs, sexual activity, and other very personal issues.
D)A school district wants to track students' progress in various content domains.It administers a standardized achievement test to students at all grade levels, even first and second grade.

Question 49

As a second-grade teacher, you receive the standardized achievement test scores for Molly and discover that she has gotten a grade-equivalent score of 4 on the reading subtest.You should conclude that Molly:

A)had slightly below-average performance on the subtest.
B)showed performance in the "gifted" range on the subtest.
C)performed as well as the average 4th grader on the subtest.
D)answered 40% of the questions on the subtest correctly.

Question 50

Approximately how many students will get scores within one standard deviation of the mean (either above or below the mean) on a given standardized achievement test?

A)about two thirds of them
B)about one third of them
C)about twenty percent of them
D)about half of them .

Question 51

Which one of the following is the most likely drawback of an age or grade equivalent score?

A)the scores over-estimate differences near the mean.
B)the scores are not easily understood by non-statisticians.
C)mastery criteria are difficult to identify.
D)scores are often inapplicable in assessing achievement in older students.

Question 52

Three of the following accurately describe issues that we should take into account when using standardized paper-pencil assessment instruments with young children.Which statement is not accurate?

A)It is more difficult to standardize testing conditions for young children than for students in the middle and high school grades.
B)Tests used to assess children's readiness for kindergarten are good predictors of their later performance in kindergarten.
C)Young children's erratic behaviour (due to short attention span, poor motivation, etc.) can adversely affect a test's reliability.
D)Young children's erratic behaviour (due to short attention span, poor motivation, etc.) can adversely affect a test's validity.

Question 53

As a third-grade teacher, you receive the standardized test scores for Marie and learn that she has gotten a stanine of 1 on the spelling subtest and a stanine of 3 on the math subtest.You should conclude that Marie:

A)had below-average performance on the spelling subtest, but above-average performance on the math subtest.
B)performed above average among her peers on both subtests.
C)performed below average among her peers on both subtests.
D)performed below grade level on the spelling subtest, but at grade level on the math subtest.

Question 54

Which one of the following illustrates how classroom assessments can affect students' epistemological beliefs?

A)Susan thinks that "art appreciation" means memorizing the names of paintings and the artists who painted them because every test in her art appreciation class asks her to label a series of paintings and identify the painter of each one.
B)Because Geraldine consistently receives low marks on assignments in her history class, she is convinced that her teacher is "out to get her."
C)Duncan mistakenly believes that how well he does on his weekly spelling tests will be the determining factor in whether he gets promoted to fourth grade.
D)Martin has heard that "Mr.Stewart's tests are really picky," so he is very anxious when he prepares for his first test in Mr.Stewart's class.

Question 55

Age and grade-equivalent score are frequently used because they seem so straightforward.However, they provide no information regarding:

A)how students are doing in relation to same-aged peers.
B)the standard performance.
C)the typical range of performance for students in the age group or grade.
D)a general idea of grade level abilities that can inform lesson planning

Question 56

Whenever we modify an assessment to accommodate a student's special needs, we must remember that we are inevitably reducing:

A)reliability.
B)standardization.
C)validity.
D)practicality.

Question 57

Three of the following teachers are utilizing good strategies for relaying standardized test results.Which one is not necessarily using a good strategy?

A)Ms.Goodleaf provides parents with age equivalents
B)Mr.Robinson provides very detailed reports of all subtest scores
C)Ms.Young asks the school psychologist to give her a quick debriefing before parents arrive for the meeting.
D)Mr.Brock de-emphasizes the scores to talk about student strengths.

Question 58

You receive the standardized test scores for Muhammad and learn that he has gotten a percentile rank of 75 on the geography subtest.You should conclude that Muhammad:

A)performed better than 75% of the students at all grade levels who took the test.
B)performed better than 75% of the students at his grade level who took the test.
C)answered 75% of the questions on the subtest correctly.
D)responded to only 75% of the questions on the subtest.

Question 59

Three of the following are recommended strategies for accommodating students' special needs during educational assessments.Which one is not necessarily recommended?

A)modifying the level of difficulty.
B)modifying the timing.
C)modifying the assessment setting.
D)modifying the presentation format.

Question 60

Andree-Anne Simard was placed in a specialized classroom for students who have cognitive delays after one standardized test of cognitive ability revealed an IQ score that was one standard deviation below average.What is the lost likely criticism of this scenario?

A)IQ scores are not valid indicators of cognitive abilities.
B)specialized classrooms do not meet the needs of all students.
C)IQ scores are not reliable.
D)a single test score should not be used to make important decisions.

Question 61

As a teacher, perhaps you do not want your students only to know information.You may also want them to be able to analyze information and apply it to new situations.To ensure that a classroom assessment measures all of your instructional objectives, you probably should:

A)use only authentic assessment.
B)develop a table of specifications.
C)use subjective rather than objective assessment tasks whenever possible.
D)ask recall questions rather than recognition questions.

Question 62

Which one of the following is the best example of an interpretive exercise?

A)"What is the square root of 64?"
B)"Drawing on ideas we identified in class, discuss the underlying themes of Charles Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities."
C)"Using the map presented above, estimate the distance between Toronto and Boston."
D)"Give three reasons why many experts believe that a capitalist society must impose certain regulations on free enterprise."

Question 63

The extent to which different parts of an assessment are measuring the same thing is called:

A)standardization
B)content validity
C)internal consistency reliability
D)item discrimination

Question 64

Which of the following is not necessarily recommended when using standardized tests with students who have social or behavioural problems?

A)use classroom assessments in conjunction with standard ones
B)use above-level testing materials
C)modify test procedures in accordance with the I.E.P.
D)record and report all modifications

Question 65

Which one of the following is the most likely reason for offering retakes?

A)so students can master content and take risks.
B)so we can avoid harming students' self-concepts.
C)so we can standardize testing procedures.
D)so we can increase the reliability of test scores.

Question 66

As you plan your classroom assessments, one of the decisions you will have to make is whether to use a paper-pencil or performance assessment.Keeping both practicality and validity in mind, you should probably use a performance assessment:

A)whenever you want to assess recall rather than recognition.
B)whenever you want to assess students' achievement of higher-level objectives.
C)only when a paper-pencil assessment cannot give you sufficient content validity.
D)as often as possible.

Question 67

Which one of the following teachers provides the best example of the halo effect?

A)Mr.Gregg likes Frank better than Mark because Frank is the more polite of the two students.
B)Ms.Noonan always gives her students the benefit of the doubt when they exhibit "borderline" test performance.
C)Mr.Urquhart overrates Cathy's gymnastic skills because she is head cheerleader.
D)Ms.Rabinowitz believes that all students can learn calculus if they study hard enough.

Question 68

On the day you give a paper-pencil test, your classroom is unusually cold, and a construction crew is working noisily just outside the building.For which one of the following students are such conditions likely to adversely affect test performance?

A)Andrea, who thinks tests are challenging and fun
B)Brittany, who does not really care how she does on the test
C)Corbin, who has done well on similar tests in the past
D)Dennis, who is receiving special educational services for students who are gifted

Question 69

Which one of the following is considered to be the greatest strength of informal assessment?

A)reliability.
B)validity.
C)precision.
D)practicality.

Question 70

For which one of the following topics would testing with matching items be most appropriate?

A)meanings of vocabulary words (in a foreign language class)
B)causes of the French and Indian War (in a history class)
C)rules for playing softball (in a physical education class)
D)strategies for solving algebraic equations (in a math class)

Question 71

Multiple choice tests have a reputation for being "multiple guess"-for being picky questions that focus on trivial details.This reputation has probably developed because:

A)lower-level questions are easier to write and so are more common.
B)it is probably not possible to write higher-level multiple choice questions.
C)multiple choice questions involve recall rather than recognition.
D)most teachers' instructional objectives are exclusively lower-level.

Question 72

When we give high school students instructions about a summative classroom assessment, we should:

A)assume they have had experience with such standard item types as true-false and multiple-choice.
B)give them considerable freedom about how to respond.
C)always deduct points for any grammatical or spelling errors.
D)communicate clear guidelines about how they should respond.

Question 73

Which one of the following illustrates use of a rubric in a classroom assessment?

A)Responses to a 10-point essay in a history class are given 5 points for describing historical events accurately, 4 points for explaining how the events are interrelated, and 1 point for using complete sentences throughout the essay.
B)In a swimming test, students are asked to swim one lap each of the breaststroke, backstroke, and crawl.
C)A science test has 30 multiple questions, 10 alternative-response questions, 3 short-answer questions, and one essay.
D)A math assignment presents a complex problem with several parts and asks students to break it down into at least five simpler problems.

Question 74

Which one of the following is an advantage of recognition assessment items in comparison to recall items?

A)They are more likely to encourage students to learn things in a meaningful rather than rote fashion.
B)They have greater predictive validity of students' future test performance.
C)They allow wider sampling of students' knowledge and skills.
D)They can be more easily used to measure how well students can apply the things they have learned to new situations.

Question 75

Which of the following teachers is most likely using analytic scoring in performance assessments?

A)Mr.Legare provides qualitative feedback such as "well written" on essays.
B)Mr.Solomon asks students to self-assess their dance performances.
C)Ms.Michaels gives 5 points for creativity and 5 pints for content delivery for group websites.
D)Ms.Duncan provides an overall % correct on French pronunciation.

Question 76

Multiple-choice questions are more often seen on standardized achievement tests than are alternative-response and matching items because:

A)students are more familiar with their format, so testwiseness is less likely to affect students' performance.
B)they are more useful in assessing higher-level skills.
C)they eliminate the guessing factor that plagues other recognition items.
D)they are easier to write.

Question 77

Three of the following are accurate statements about cheating in the classroom.Which one is not necessarily accurate?

A)Students are more likely to cheat if they have performance goals rather than mastery goals.
B)Students are more likely to cheat if they think an assessment instrument does not reflect classroom objectives.
C)Students are more likely to cheat if they think their teacher is a "softie" who grades leniently.
D)Students are more likely to cheat if they think their teacher's expectations for them are unreasonably high.

Question 78

Three of the following are recommendations for scoring students' paper-pencil responses in an objective, reliable, and standardized manner.Which one of the following is not necessarily a recommendation?

A)do a mid-way check to make sure that the criteria are appropriate
B)if possible, score writing skills separately from content.
C)score item by item.
D)give detailed feedback.

Question 79

Which one of the following is an advantage of over recognition questions?

A)Essays can be scored with greater reliability.
B)Essays allow a broader sampling of the content domain.
C)Essays typically have greater predictive validity.
D)Essays allow easier assessment of higher-level skills.

Question 80

For which one of the following instructional objectives is a paper-pencil assessment probably least appropriate?

A)Students will use a Bunsen burner safely.
B)Students will correctly spell 90% of the words on the fifth-grade spelling list.
C)Students will identify the main idea of a paragraph.
D)Students will recall single-digit addition facts with 100% accuracy.