Deck 19: Animals

Question 1

Animals are thought to be most closely related to

A) choanoflagellates.
B) charophytes.
C) chytrids.
D) fungi.
E) amoebas.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

One of the key features of the lophotrochozoans is that they have a band of cilia during their larval stage.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of these is a chordate characteristic?

A) notochord
B) pharyngeal pouches
C) postanal tail
D) coelom
E) All of the above are chodate characteristics.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

A(n) _____ is an individual animal that possesses both male and female sex organs.

A) cephalopod
B) acoelomate
C) deuterostome
D) larva
E) hermaphrodite

Question 5

Which of these diseases is caused by a flatworm?

A) hookworm infection
B) pinworm infection
C) trichinosis
D) schistosomiasis
E) elephantiasis

Question 6

Which of these is a protostome?

A) a chimpanzee
B) a planarian
C) a sea anemone
D) a sea star
E) lancelet

Question 7

Which of these is a primate, but not an anthropoid?

A) chimpanzee
B) baboon
C) opossum
D) human
E) lemur

Question 8

Which feature is necessary in order to classify an organism as an ecdysozoan?

A) nonliving exoskeleton
B) endoskeleton made of chitin
C) closed circulatory system
D) open circulatory system
E) gills

Question 9

Which of these has radial symmetry?

A) human
B) planarian
C) jellyfish
D) roundworm
E) nudibranch

Question 10

In protostome development,

A) the blastopore becomes the anus.
B) the coelom forms from mesodermal outpocketings of the gut.
C) there is no coelom.
D) the mouth forms from the second embryonic opening, not from the blastopore.
E) the blastopore becomes the mouth.

Question 11

Which of these has a coelom?

A) sea star
B) roundworm
C) fluke
D) planarian
E) hydra

Question 12

An endoparasitic acoelomate with a body consisting of a scolex and a series of proglottids is a

A) fluke.
B) roundworm.
C) tapeworm.
D) hydra.
E) sponge.

Question 13

Which is an example of a parazoa?

A) sponges
B) cnidarians
C) flatworms
D) annelids
E) echinoderms

Question 14

Which two groups of primates share the closest ancestry?

A) prosimians and gibbons
B) New World monkeys and apes
C) hominins and Old World monkeys
D) gibbons and prosimians
E) apes and hominins

Question 15

Which statement about sponges is correct?

A) Sponges have two germ layers, which give rise to well-organized tissues.
B) Sponges can only reproduce asexually by fragmentation or budding.
C) Most sponges have bilateral symmetry.
D) Sponges belong to the group of invertebrates known as cnidarians.
E) Sponges are filter feeders.

Question 16

Animals are

A) multicellular.
B) heterotrophic.
C) motile.
D) eukaryotic.
E) All of the above answers describe the characteristics of animals.

Question 17

Which of these statements about the evolutionary tree of animals is incorrect?

A) All animals have true tissues.
B) All animals are multicellular.
C) Humans are more closely related to sea stars than to insects.
D) Radial symmetry preceded bilateral symmetry in animal evolution.
E) Some animals have no germ layers, while others have two or three germ layers.

Question 18

The repetition of body parts along the length of an animal's body is termed

A) cephalization.
B) coelomization.
C) segmentation.
D) compartmentalization.
E) septation.

Question 19

Which of these is mismatched?

A) cnidarian - nematocyst
B) planarian - ladderlike nervous system
C) sponge - collar cell
D) fluke - body cavity
E) roundworm - complete digestive tract

Question 20

What is the defining feature of the lophotrochozoans?

A) tentacle-like feeding structure
B) filter feeding
C) multicellularity
D) bilateral symmetry
E) exoskeleton

Question 21

The luna moth ( Actias luna) is a large, showy moth with lovely green wings. It has no mouth and therefore cannot eat. How is it that this species continues to exist?

A) The luna moth is chemoheterotrophic by absorption, not by ingestion.
B) The luna moth is the adult stage in the life cycle; feeding occurs during the caterpillar stage.
C) The luna moth is a rare mutant; typical moths of the species Actias luna do have mouths.
D) The luna moth is the larval stage in the life cycle; it eventually becomes a caterpillar which can feed.
E) The luna moth can use its green wings for photosynthesis.

Question 22

Birds are

A) reptiles.
B) amniotes.
C) chordates and amniotes.
D) deuterostomes and reptiles.
E) reptiles, amniotes, chordates and deuterostomes.

Question 23

Which of these worms are segmented?

A) annelids
B) planarians
C) roundworms
D) flukes
E) All worms are segmented.

Question 24

Which is not a typical adult amphibian characteristic?

A) eyelids
B) jaws
C) jointed limbs
D) lungs
E) four-chambered heart

Question 25

Which of these is a cephalopod?

A) nudibranch
B) snail
C) oyster
D) squid
E) mussel

Question 26

The main reason reptiles are so well-adapted to land environment is their method of

A) respiration.
B) vocalization.
C) reproduction.
D) predation.
E) temperature regulation.

Question 27

Egg-laying mammals are known as

A) marsupials.
B) ectotherms.
C) placental mammals.
D) monotremes.
E) prosimians.

Question 28

All of the following are features of echinoderms except

A) a water vascular system.
B) a coelom.
C) a larval stage.
D) skin gills.
E) nephridium.

Question 29

The exoskeleton of an arthropod is composed largely of the polysaccharide

A) cellulose.
B) starch.
C) chitin.
D) collagen.
E) glycogen.

Question 30

All of the following are characteristics of annelids except

A) a coelom.
B) segmentation.
C) a complete digestive tract.
D) excretion via nephridia.
E) metamorphosis.

Question 31

Which of these is mismatched?

A) tunicate - has all chordate characteristics as an adult
B) ray-finned fish - has a swim bladder
C) lamprey - lacks jaws
D) cartilaginous fish - has jaws
E) lobe-finned fish - has a lung

Question 32

Amphibians are the descendants of

A) ray-finned fishes.
B) cartilaginous fishes.
C) lobe-finned fishes.
D) hagfishes.
E) reptiles.

Question 33

All of the following are characteristics of arthropods except

A) a blastopore during development.
B) a pseudocoelom.
C) mesoderm.
D) jointed appendages.
E) an exoskeleton.

Question 34

The mantle, foot, and visceral mass are all parts of a(n)

A) annelid.
B) mollusc.
C) planarian.
D) tunicate.
E) arthropod.

Question 35

Which organism listed is a crustacean?

A) spider
B) scorpion
C) tick
D) horseshoe crab
E) lobster

Question 36

Which of the following are invertebrate chordates?

A) tunicates only
B) lancelets only
C) jawless fishes only
D) tunicates and lancelets but not jawless fishes
E) tunicates, lancelets, and jawless fishes

Question 37

Which of these is a bivalve?

A) clam
B) octopus
C) snail
D) squid
E) conch

Question 38

A fungal infection that covers an amphibian's skin can quickly kill the animal. Why can't amphibians tolerate their skin being covered with a foreign substance?

A) Amphibians produce blood in their skin, and become anemic when the skin is covered by fungus.
B) Amphibians have small lungs and use their skin for gas exchange; they suffocate when the skin is covered with fungal growth.
C) Amphibians with fungal infections starve when the fungus absorbs all the food stored in their skin.
D) Because amphibians hear with their skin, those with fungal infections on the skin lose the ability to hear approaching predators.
E) Since amphibians use their skin for water storage, they dehydrate when an infectious fungus covers the skin and drains it of moisture.

Question 39

Which are the most numerous and diverse vertebrates?

A) reptiles
B) lancelets
C) cartilaginous fishes
D) mammals
E) bony fishes

Question 40

Which is the largest, most diverse group of arthropods?

A) arachnids
B) millipedes
C) insects
D) crustaceans
E) centipedes

Question 41

Which of these has the necessary adaptations to survive in a dry land environment?

A) insect
B) lobe-finned fish
C) amphibian
D) planarian
E) tunicate

Question 42

Arthropods exhibit all of the following characteristics except

A) segmentation.
B) exoskeleton.
C) jointed appendages.
D) well-developed nervous system.
E) pseudocoelom lined with mesoderm.

Question 43

What is a common feature shared by both the roundworms and the arthropods?

A) gills
B) cutaneous respiration
C) exoskeleton
D) endoskeleton
E) jointed appendages

Question 44

Which of these is present in all fishes?

A) jaws
B) lungs
C) fleshy, bone-containing appendages
D) fins supported by bony spikes
E) vertebrae

Question 45

Which of the following is a crustacean?

A) barnacle
B) oyster
C) clam
D) mussel
E) scallop

Question 46

In 2004, fossil skeletons of a new Homo species were discovered in Indonesia and named Homo floresiensis. Which factor was the key to classifying this species in the genus Homo?

A) evidence of bipedalism
B) resemblance to other hominins
C) humanlike rather than apelike craniums
D) evidence of being placental mammals
E) evidence of mosaic evolution

Question 47

Which of these would be found in both roundworms and annelids?

A) coelom
B) segmentation
C) setae
D) complete digestive tract
E) notochord

Question 48

Organisms that live in a marine environment and have skin gills, tube feet, a coelom, and a water vascular system are classified as a(n)

A) tunicate.
B) lancelet.
C) planarian.
D) oligochaete.
E) echinoderm.

Question 49

Which feature is present in cnidarians but lacking in sponges?

A) cellular level of organization
B) filter feeding
C) multicellularity
D) radial symmetry
E) Cnidarians are classified asanimals, while sponges are not animals.

Question 50

A leech would have all of the following characteristics except

A) a notochord.
B) segmentation.
C) a ventral nerve cord.
D) a coelom.
E) mesoderm.

Question 51

Which of these is a unique characteristic of mammals?

A) hair
B) four-chambered heart
C) extraembryonic membranes
D) endothermic
E) cephalization

Question 52

Which feature places cnidarians as eumetazoans?

A) Cnidarians have two germ layers during development.
B) Cnidarians are active predators.
C) Cnidarianslive in aquatic environments.
D) Cnidariansreproduce sexually.
E) Cnidariansare sessile at some point of their life cycle.

Question 53

Why are developmental biologists especially interested in studying echinoderm embryos?

A) Echinoderms are primitive chordates.
B) Echinoderms are the closest living relatives of chordates.
C) Echinoderms are the only animals with three embryonic germ layers.
D) Echinoderms, unlike most invertebrates, retain their notochords as adults.
E) Echinoderms, like chordates, are protostomes.

Question 54

Nephridia are found in

A) jawless fishes.
B) echinoderms.
C) lancelets.
D) annelids.
E) cephalopods.

Question 55

Which of the following is a hominin?

A) Neandertal
B) australopithecine
C) Homo erectus and australopithecine
D) Cro-Magnon and Neandertal
E) Neandertal, australopithecine, Home erectus and Cro-Magnon

Question 56

What are the key features of chordates?

A) notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail
B) notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, water vascular system, and a tail
C) ventral nerve chord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail
D) notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, nerve ring, and a tail
E) notochord, ventral nerve cord, water vascular system, and a tail

Question 57

Molluscs are

A) deuterostomes.
B) acoelomates.
C) protostomes.
D) pseudocoelomates.
E) segmented.

Question 58

While excavating a cave in Spain, you stumble across a skeleton that looks to be human. Upon closer examination, you find that the bones are disproportionately short and thick, and the skull has massive brow ridges. Carefully arranged around the skeleton are a variety of stone tools. You have most likely found the remains of a(n)

A) Cro-Magnon.
B) australopithecine.
C) early hominin.
D) Neandertal.
E) prosimian.

Question 59

The closest living relatives of modern humans are

A) prosimians.
B) African apes.
C) New World monkeys.
D) Asian apes.
E) Old World monkeys.

Question 60

Which feature is lacking in sponges?

A) multicellularity
B) cellular level of organization
C) organized true tissues
D) flagella
E) filter feeder

Question 61

Which statement is inconsistent with invertebrate animals?

A) Invertebrates lack a nervous system.
B) The vast majority of animal species are invertebrates.
C) Many invertebrate species live in a marine environment.
D) Most animal phyla are invertebrates.
E) All major invertebrate groups arose from protistan ancestors.

Question 62

Which statement is inconsistent with echinoderms?

A) The exoskeleton is made up of bony tissue.
B) Gas exchange occurs through gills on the skin.
C) Larvae are free-swimming and bilaterally symmetrical.
D) A water vascular system allows the tube feet to produce suction.
E) Symmetry is radial in the adult, usually with parts in fives or multiples of five.

Question 63

In the replacement model of evolution, where did modern humans first evolve?

A) Africa
B) Asia
C) Europe
D) North America
E) South America

Question 64

Ascaris is considered to be a(n)

A) roundworm.
B) flatworm.
C) earthworm.
D) cnidarian.
E) arthropod.

Question 65

Which feature is used to identify the ecdysozoans?

A) shedding their exoskeleton
B) presence of an endoskeleton
C) parasitic lifestyle
D) asexual reproduction
E) adapted to aquatic habitats

Question 66

The name Echinodermata literally means

A) spiny skin.
B) soft skin.
C) circulation of water.
D) skinless.
E) ability to store water.

Question 67

What feature is used to classify a sponge as a parazoan?

A) molecular data
B) reproductive abilities
C) environment they live in
D) feeding mechanism
E) number of different species known to science

Question 68

Which group of organisms is it believed that animals evolved from?

A) protozoan
B) fungi
C) bacteria
D) archaea
E) sponges

Question 69

When did modern humans migrate from Africa into Asia and Europe?

A) 100,000 year ago
B) 10,000 years ago
C) 200,000 years ago
D) 1.2 million years ago
E) 220,000 years ago

Question 70

Lophotrochozoans are defined by all of the following features except

A) having two embryonic germ layers that develop into their body systems.
B) having an aquatic lifestyle.
C) being bilaterally symmetrical during some stage of their development.
D) using a lophophore as a feeding apparatus.
E) they are protostomes.

Question 71

Which primate is classified as a prosimian?

A) lemur
B) baboon
C) human
D) gibbon
E) spider monkey