Deck 54: International and World Trade Law

Question 1

The North American Free Trade Agreement forbids a country from placing tariffs if an import surge from one of the other nations hurts its economy or workers.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The World Trade Organization was established by the Untied Nations in 1995.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Most international law disputes are heard by national courts of individual nations.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Treaties address such issues as human rights and foreign aid.

Question 5

The Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace.

Question 6

One criticism of the World Trade Organization is that it does not have an appellate process for its decisions.

Question 7

In the Constitution,the power over international affairs is primarily,though not exclusively,vested in the states.

Question 8

Unfortunately,Mexico only has a small trade agreement with a few Central American countries.

Question 9

International disputes are usually brought in the national court of the plaintiff's home country unless there is an agreement to the contrary.

Question 10

The Statute of the International Court of Justice identifies the four sources of international law that courts are required to turn to in resolving international law disputes.

Question 11

The North American Free Trade Agreement was formed in 1992 with only three nations.

Question 12

Foreign countries are not immune from lawsuits in the U.S.courts if the action is based on commercial activity carried on in the United States.

Question 13

If state law conflicts with a treaty,then the state law is void.

Question 14

As members of the Association of South East Asian Nations,Japan and China have significant input into the economic community.

Question 15

The General Assembly of the United Nations is made up of all member nations.

Question 16

The World Trade Organization is also known as the "Supreme Court of Trade."

Question 17

The act of state doctrine is flexible,in that one country may question the validity of an act committed by another country within that other country's own borders.

Question 18

At the international level,there is one single international world court responsible for enforcing and interpreting international law,and there is a world executive branch to enforce international laws.

Question 19

Any nonmember countries can be part of the European Union simply by attending the Council of Ministers meeting.

Question 20

The Commerce Clause grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations.

Question 21

Which of the following is correct about the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

A) The WTO was created in the 1940s.
B) The WTO adopted a judicial-based dispute resolution system to replace the politically oriented system in place previously.
C) Only a few nations have a representative on the WTO dispute settlement body.
D) Parties to a dispute have a veto power over any decision reached by the WTO.
E) China has not been admitted to the WTO.

Question 22

Which of the following is not a member of the Association of South East Asian Nations?

A) Japan
B) Vietnam
C) Singapore
D) Indonesia
E) Cambodia

Question 23

What are the primary sources in the U.S.Constitution of the federal government's power over international affairs?

A) the Foreign Commerce Clause and the Treaty Clause
B) the Commerce Clause and the Privileges and Immunities Clause
C) the Treaty Clause and the Police Power Clause
D) the Treaty Clause and the War Powers Clause
E) the Foreign Privileges and Immunities Clause and the Supremacy Clause

Question 24

Which of the following is correct about the states' powers regarding foreign affairs?

A) The states have no power over foreign affairs because the U.S. Constitution grants that power exclusively to the federal government.
B) The states can pass laws and enter into treaties with foreign nations so long as they do not unduly burden foreign commerce.
C) The states can pass laws affecting foreign commerce and enter into treaties with foreign nations so long as they first obtain the consent of the Senate.
D) The states can pass laws so long as they do not unduly burden foreign commerce,but the states have no authority to enter into treaties with foreign nations.
E) Because of the sharing of powers between the federal government and the states,states have powers over foreign affairs equal to the powers of the federal government.

Question 25

Which of the following is not true regarding international law?

A) Enforcement is a problem because there is no "executive branch" to enforce it.
B) The United Nations is the body that has the power to enforce most court decisions involving international law disputes.
C) International law comes from multiple sources.
D) There is no single court system for dealing with all international disputes.

Question 26

The following are governing bodies of the United Nations except:

A) the Secretariat
B) the General Assembly
C) the World Trade Organization
D) the Security Council

Question 27

Which of the following is not true about the United Nations?

A) It was founded in 1918 at the end of World War I.
B) Most nations of the world are members.
C) There are only five permanent members of the Security Council.
D) It contains a number of autonomous agencies that deal with specialized problems.
E) Its headquarters are in New York City.

Question 28

Today,most international trade disputes are settled by:

A) the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
B) the Security Council of the United Nations
C) the American Arbitration Association
D) the World Trade Organization
E) the International Court of Justice

Question 29

What can a nation do if it disagrees with a decision made by the dispute settlement body of the World Trade Organization?

A) appeal to the World Court
B) nothing,as these decisions are final
C) appeal to that nation's own national court system
D) appeal to the appellate body within the WTO
E) This situation would not arise because of the veto power held by the parties to a dispute being resolved by the WTO.

Question 30

The World Trade Organization was created by:

A) the United Nations
B) the North American Free Trade Agreement
C) the International Monetary Fund
D) Negotiations on the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
E) the European Union

Question 31

What is the purpose of a choice of forum clause in an international contract?

A) to give the parties a choice of nations in which to bring a lawsuit under the contract
B) to determine in advance where any lawsuits under the contract will be brought
C) to determine who will choose the location of any lawsuit which is brought under the contract
D) to determine which nation's law will apply in settling disputes that arise under the contract

Question 32

Which of the following is not true about the European Union?

A) A common currency has been introduced.
B) The Union has established the EU Commission and delegated certain powers to it.
C) A majority vote is needed to admit a new member.
D) The gross economic output of EU nations is greater than that of the United States.
E) The Union was created in 1957.

Question 33

Negotiators from which nations signed the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1992?

A) the United States and Canada
B) the United States and Mexico
C) the United States,Canada,and Mexico
D) the United States,Mexico,and Panama
E) the United States,Canada,Mexico,Guatemala,and Panama

Question 34

Which of the following is not an agency of the United Nations?

A) United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization
B) International Monetary Fund
C) International Organization for Trade Equalization
D) International Fund for Agricultural Development
E) United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund

Question 35

The body of the United Nations that includes permanent members from only five nations is the:

A) Security Council
B) Secretariat
C) General Assembly
D) World Senate
E) International Monetary Fund

Question 36

Which of the following are characteristics of international law?

A) no single legislative body
B) no single court to settle disputes
C) no single body to enforce court decisions
D) All of these are correct.
E) A and C only

Question 37

An agreement sponsored by an international organization that is signed and ratified by two or more nations is called a:

A) treaty
B) convention
C) custom
D) charter
E) statute

Question 38

Which of the following is not a permanent member of the Security Council of the United Nations?

A) China
B) France
C) Germany
D) United Kingdom
E) Russia

Question 39

Which of the following is true about the European Union?

A) Member nations have not given up any sovereignty to the EU.
B) Customs tariffs have been eliminated between member nations and nonmember nations.
C) An EU central bank has been established.
D) The EU includes a couple of nations from Northern Africa with European ties.
E) Its primary purpose is military defense.

Question 40

Under international law,what is the difference between a treaty and a convention?

A) A treaty is an agreement,and a convention is typically the meeting at which the treaty was drafted.
B) The two terms have the same meaning,thus there is no difference between them.
C) A treaty is an agreement negotiated directly be the signatory nations,whereas a convention is first drafted by a sponsoring international organization,after which,nations can decided whether to be bound by it.
D) Conventions usually have only a few signatory nations whereas treaties usually have many.

Question 41

The government of Germany enters into a multiyear contract with a French farmers' cooperative for the purchase of a quantity of wine.This cooperative is a quasi-governmental agency.After purchasing a substantial quantity of the wine,the British government concludes that the French government has subsidized the cooperative contrary to regulations of the European Union and contrary to other international trade agreements.The farmers' cooperative disagrees and wants to compel the German government to pay for all wine that it has already received.Discuss the cooperative's options in this case.

Question 42

Mabel,a citizen of England,and Pierre,a citizen of France,have been doing business for many years.Pierre now wants to sue Mabel.Which of the following is true?

A) Pierre can sue Mabel in the World Court because the dispute is commercial.
B) Pierre cannot sue Mabel in the World Court because the dispute is commercial.
C) Pierre cannot sue Mabel in the International Court of Justice under any circumstances.
D) Pierre can sue Mabel in the International Court of Justice only if Mabel consents.

Question 43

The Islamic law system is derived from:

A) the Koran
B) the Sunnah
C) reasonings by Islamic scholars
D) All of these are correct.

Question 44

Jewish law is a complex legal system based on ideology and theology of:

A) the Torah
B) the Koran
C) the Smitris
D) the Veda

Question 45

In which of the following circumstances would a foreign government not be subject to suit in a U.S.court according to the Federal Sovereign Immunities Act?

A) If the foreign government has explicitly waived immunity.
B) If the foreign government has impliedly waived immunity.
C) If the action is based on a tort committed by the foreign government.
D) If the action is based on commercial activity by the foreign government.
E) B and C only.

Question 46

A treaty between the United States and Canada is known as a:

A) unilateral treaty
B) bilateral treaty
C) multi-lateral treaty
D) convention

Question 47

The courts of one nation cannot question the actions undertaken by another nation within the other nation's borders under the:

A) act of state doctrine
B) sovereign immunity doctrine
C) extradition doctrine
D) expropriation doctrine
E) comity doctrine

Question 48

Janet and Henry were married in Bulgaria when they were each 14 years old.The marriage is valid in Bulgaria.They have now moved to the United States,and there is some question whether their marriage is valid in the United States.Which of the following doctrines would prevent a United States court from questioning the validity of their marriage?

A) sovereign immunity
B) act of state
C) Diplomatic Immunity
D) a United Nations Convention

Question 49

A farmer's cooperative in North Dakota entered into a contract to sell wheat to the government of Thailand.If a dispute arises under the contract,the farmers' cooperative can:

A) Sue in a United States court because neither the act of state doctrine nor sovereign immunity would apply.
B) Not sue in a United States court because of the act of state doctrine.
C) Not sue in a United States court because of sovereign immunity.
D) Sue in the Word Trade Organization.