Deck 5: Ventricles and Cerebrospinal Fluid

Question 1

A 92-year-old woman is examined by a neurologist after her grandson noticed she "didn't make sense" when she spoke. A neurological examination revealed she was alert and able to speak but when asked questions she continuously repeated: "I put dinner in the television, peaches are pretty flowers." Which of the following brain areas is most likely damaged?

A) Angular, supramarginal, and superior temporal gyri
B) Supramarginal and left inferior frontal gyri
C) Left superior temporal gyrus
D) Superior temporal, angular, and right inferior frontal gyri
E) Right inferior frontal gyrus

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A 54-year-old man is examined by a neurologist after suffering a stroke. Neurological examination reveals that he has difficulty initiating speech and becomes very frustrated. When he is able to speak it is irregular and disjointed. Which of the following most correctly designates the language deficits experienced by this patient?

A) Aphonia
B) Areflexia
C) Nonfluent aphasia
D) Agraphia
E) Fluent aphasia

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A posterior watershed infarct in one hemisphere would most likely produce which of the following?

A) Contralateral hemiparesis of the lower extremity
B) Paralysis of all eye movements
C) Complete vision loss
D) Ipsilateral hemiparesis of the upper and lower extremities
E) Partial vision loss and language deficits

Answer 3

E

Question 4

A 54-year-old man is examined by the neurologist after suffering a stroke. Neurological examination reveals that he has difficulty initiating speech and becomes very frustrated. When he is able to speak it is irregular and disjointed. A computed tomographic scan of this patient indicates a hemorrhagic lesion in the cerebral cortex. Which of the following represents the most likely location of this lesion?

A) Inferior frontal gyrus
B) Parietal lobe
C) Transverse temporal gyrus
D) Cingulate gyrus
E) Supracallosal gyrus

Question 5

A 92-year-old woman is examined by a neurologist after her grandson noticed she "didn't make sense" when she spoke. A neurological exam revealed she was alert and able to speak but when asked questions she continuously repeated: "I put dinner in the television, peaches are pretty flowers." This patient is most likely suffering from which of the following?

A) Broca's aphasia
B) Wernicke's aphasia
C) Fluent aphasia
D) Aphonia
E) Nonfluent aphasia

Question 6

A patient in a mental institution in 1950 underwent a prefrontal lobotomy. This procedure involved breaking through the roof of the orbit bilaterally and making horizontal sections through the base of the frontal lobes. In addition to changes in behavior, this patient most likely had which of the following?

A) Loss of pain and temperature sensations in most of the body
B) Loss of papillary reflexes
C) Loss of smell
D) Inability to recognize a person's face
E) Uncoordinated swallowing

Question 7

Axons from the neurons in the medial and lateral geniculate nuclei terminate mainly in

A) Layer III of the cerebral cortex
B) Layer IV of the cerebral cortex
C) Layer V of the cerebral cortex
D) Widespread areas of the neocortex
E) Layer I of the cerebral cortex

Question 8

A hemorrhage of which of the following arteries is most likely to result in the deficits experienced by this patient?

A) Branches of the posterior cerebral artery
B) Branches of the middle meningeal artery
C) Branches of the basilar artery
D) Branches of the middle cerebral artery
E) Branches of the anterior cerebral artery