Deck 7: An Introduction to Contracts

Question 1

Busy Corp. sent a letter on January 12^th to Slow Co. offering to sell its main office building for $250,000, stating that its offer was open only until January 20^th, and it must have a response from Slow Co. by then. Slow Co. received the letter on January 14^th and prepared a letter of acceptance on that day but had not posted it. The next morning Busy Corp. called and said that it had changed its mind and was withdrawing its offer.

A) There was a contract as soon as Slow Co. wrote the letter of acceptance and the revocation is too late.
B) Since the revocation was made by telephone and the offer was made by letter, the revocation is not effective.
C) The revocation was effective because it was communicated to Slow Co. before the acceptance was sent.
D) The revocation was effective because it was communicated to Slow Co. before the acceptance was received by Busy Corp.
E) All of the above are false.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Ian offered to sell his horse to Wanda for $3,500. Wanda wanted to think about it and let Ian know by email. Ian agreed. Wanda emailed Ian at 11:45 that night. At 6 a.m. Ian accepted an offer to sell the horse to William for $3,700. He read his email at 8 a.m. Can Wanda sue Ian for breach of contract?

A) Yes, Wanda accepted Ian's offer prior to William's acceptance.
B) Yes, Ian made the first offer to Wanda.
C) No, the acceptance must be in the same mode of communication as the offer. Therefore, Wanda's offer was not valid.
D) No, the acceptance was not received by Ian until 8 a.m.
E) No, the acceptance was for a lesser sum and sellers are entitled to the best deal.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Mary invites some friends to dinner, and they accept. They purchase a much more expensive bottle of wine than they would normally drink and a beautiful bouquet of flowers. Mary calls them two hours before the dinner to tell them she has been invited out by the man of her dreams and is postponing the dinner.

A) The friends can claim the cost of the flowers and the wine since Mary has breached the contract.
B) Since Mary is merely postponing the dinner, she has not breached their dinner contract.
C) Even though they accepted her dinner offer, this is not a situation in which one party can sue another, since no reasonable person would think that there was any intention on Mary's part to create a legally enforceable contract.
D) Mary may not have intended to be bound to her promise, but her friends have suffered a loss and she cannot now claim she did not mean to enter a contract to provide dinner since she did not say that when she made her offer.
E) No agreement between friends can be enforced as a contract, including this one.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following elements does not constitute a legal relationship in contract?

A) Familiarity
B) Consideration
C) Capacity
D) Acceptance
E) Intention

Question 5

As you are walking out of class one night, you discover a notebook, full of equations, belonging to a professor in your school. You write a note telling him who you are and where and when you found it. Then you put the note in an envelope and drop it into one of the university's internal mailboxes. The next day the campus is covered with notices which say "$100 REWARD. A notebook containing mathematical explanation of the meaning of life has been lost. If found, please return to Professor Doddering in Room A123."

A) You have no legal right to the $100.
B) You have a legal right to the $100 since you can prove you put the note in the mail to Prof. Doddering.
C) You have a legal right to the $100 provided you can prove you found it after Prof. Doddering posted the reward notices.
D) Since this was an offer to the public at large, you have accepted it by mailing it and Prof. Doddering legally must give you $100.
E) While you have no legal right to the reward, the court will enforce your moral right to it.

Question 6

Mr. Gatlin went into a supermarket where he saw a new kind of toothpaste on a shelf, priced at $2.69. He decided to try it, so he took it to the checkout and placed it on the moving counter. The staff member at the checkout ran up the sale, took Mr. Gatlin's money and put the toothpaste in a bag, handing it with the receipt and the change to Mr. Gatlin. A contract was formed when:

A) Mr. Gatlin picked up the toothpaste.
B) Mr. Gatlin put the toothpaste on the checkout counter.
C) Mr. Gatlin paid for the toothpaste.
D) The supermarket employee rang in the sale and took his money.
E) The supermarket employee gave Mr. Gatlin the bag, the receipt and his change.

Question 7

Salem said to Crystal over his cell phone, "Do you want to buy my car for $2,000?" Before she heard him, her cell phone dropped the call. Can she accept the offer?

A) Yes.
B) Yes, conditionally if she requires him to repeat it.
C) No, an offer must be received prior to acceptance.
D) No, offers can only be made in writing.
E) All of the responses are incorrect.

Question 8

On June 1^st the Mega Marketing Research Firm sent out a mail survey to 5,000 potential customers of Mega's client company. The survey stated that everyone who completed the survey and mailed it back would receive a prize. Mega did not expect everyone to respond to the survey and had only 1,000 prizes on hand for the respondents. On July 14^th Sam mailed back his response and eagerly awaited his prize. On July 15^th Mega sent out the last prize it had. Sam's response arrived on July 16^th. It was the 1001^st and Mega wrote back telling Sam that unfortunately all the prizes were gone, and he would not be able to have one.

A) No contract was formed here as there was no communication of Sam's acceptance before Mega's offer lapsed.
B) Sam made a counteroffer by returning the completed survey.
C) Mega had essentially revoked its offer before Sam accepted.
D) A valid contract was formed between Mega and Sam.
E) Mega may assert that silence is not acceptance and Sam did not communicate his acceptance on time.

Question 9

A computer software company advertised a new organizational program as one of the most "user friendly" programs of its kind on the market. The Smallville police department used the program and, during operation, the program collapsed, losing vital information related to the effectiveness of the department in carrying out its duties. Under the law of contract, what is the software company's position with respect to liability?

A) The company is liable for damages because the program promoted as easy has the capacity to collapse and produce this result when used improperly.
B) The police department must bear responsibility because it purchased the program and accepted its limitations without question or instruction therefore this is a situation of caveat emptor.
C) The company is liable because a promise is a promise in contract law in relation to advertising.
D) The company is not liable because it is permitted to use enthusiasm when describing the product and has made no unproven statements in its contract with the police.
E) None of these.

Question 10

Skinny You is a new "weight loss pill." It is being sold by the company; Skinny Products Inc. Advertisements were placed in the back of Teen Beauty magazine that provided potential consumers with information about the success rate of the pills-"Weight Loss of 10 pounds in 10 days if used as instructed." Skinny Products Inc. guaranteed the weight loss by saying that if customers did not lose 10 pounds in 10 days then they would receive $100. To increase consumer confidence of the money being paid Skinny Products Inc. stated that it had put money in trust. Latisha purchased Skinny You and used it for 10 days, as instructed, but only lost 4 pounds. Can she sue Skinny Products Inc. for breach of contract?

A) No, the advertisement did not amount to an offer.
B) Yes, the advertisement amounted to an offer.
C) Yes, the advertisement amounted to an offer, but the weight loss claims were marketing claims that were not binding.
D) Yes, the advertisement did not amount to an offer, but Latisha's purchase constituted the formation of a unilateral contract incorporating the terms of an invitation to treat.
E) No, the advertisement amounted to an invitation to treat.

Question 11

Mike responds to Flavio's statement that he would like to buy Mike's motorbike for $3,000 by saying that he would want $4,000, given the work he has put into it. Flavio says OK. I'll give you that. Here's $2,000, and I'll give a promissory note for the balance payable at $500 a month for the next 4 months." 1. There is a contract.
2) There is no contract.
3) Flavio's first statement to Mike was an invitation to do business.
4) Flavio's response was a counter offer.
5) Flavio's final statement to Mike was an acceptance.

A) 1 and 3.
B) 1, 3 and 4.
C) 1, 3, 4 and 5.
D) 2.
E) 2 and 4.

Question 12

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Brown's acceptance of Rahul's offer was unconditional.

Question 13

Which of the following are NOT presumed to be binding?

A) Agreements between suppliers and manufacturers
B) Agreements between family members for the purchase of a business
C) Agreements between strangers
D) Agreements between family members to cook a birthday dinner
E) Agreements between banks and their customers

Question 14

Microsoft uses a click wrap agreement with a clause requiring all disputes to be heard in the state of Washington, U.S.A. Microsoft has its head office in Redmond, Washington. A consumer resides in Ontario. Is this click wrap agreement binding?

A) No, it is a consumer contract, so the jurisdiction of the consumer prevails.
B) No, it is not binding as it is traditional for consumers to not read online agreements prior to clicking "I accept."
C) No, the consumer does not have a substantial connection to the State of Washington.
D) Yes, the contract became binding when the consumer clicked "I Accept."
E) Yes, only for residents of Washington state.

Question 15

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul's offer to Jones lapsed when Rahul agreed to purchase Brown's canoe.

Question 16

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul's offer was merely an invitation to do business.

Question 17

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul's offer lapsed when Jones did not immediately accept the offer before the two parties departed on their separate business.

Question 18

Johnson became a member of the Book-a-Month Club under an agreement by which members agree to pay for any monthly selection that they have not notified the Club they do not want. Johnson forgets to tell them when he decides he does not want "How to Cook Small Rodents" and the book arrives at his house.

A) Since silence cannot be acceptance, Johnson does not have to take the book, but must send it back.
B) Johnson must pay for the book.
C) Johnson must pay for the book unless he decides to send it back.
D) Since silence is not acceptance, Johnson can keep the book and he does not have to pay for it.
E) Johnson cannot refuse to pay for the book since consumer protection legislation says unsolicited goods delivered to a consumer create no obligation to pay and no liability for loss or damage.

Question 19

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul's offer to buy the canoe from Jones was a genuine expression of his intention to create a legal relationship.

Question 20

Ian offered to sell his horse to Wanda for $3,500. Wanda wanted to think about it and let Ian know by email. Ian agreed. Wanda emailed Ian at 11:45 that night. What type of contract was formed?

A) Unilateral Contract
B) Qualified Unilateral Contract
C) Bilateral Contract
D) Qualified Bilateral Contract
E) Invitation to Treat

Question 21

Victor has breakfast at the Kute Kafey. From the menu, he orders buttered muffins "homemade like your mother's," jam "made with loving care and fresh ingredients," and tea "fresh-picked from the cool hillsides of an Indian plantation." Actually, the muffins are nothing like Victor's mum's muffins and are baked in a factory, the jam is mass-produced from industrial-quality frozen fruit, and the tea is made with no-name tea bags. Victor has a good case for breach of contract.

Question 22

Giardetti, a retailer, placed an advertisement in a local newspaper on May 5^th that read: "Special Sale! New 16" portable TV set available for sale to the first 10 customers at my store on May 10^th at a sale price of $100 each. Regular price $199. First come, first served!" Don was the 10^th customer in the store on May 10^th, but Giardetti refused to sell him a TV set for $100. Giardetti's advertisement was a valid offer to sell, which Don accepted by being one of the first 10 customers at the store on May 10^th, and verbally accepting the offer.

Question 23

Rosa offers Valerie the chance to buy her cottage for $25,000. Two days later, while Valerie is still considering the offer, Rosa's sister mentions to Valerie that Rosa has sold the cottage to Ben for $30,000. If Valerie now accepts, Rosa will be liable for breach of contract.

Question 24

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul is not bound in contract with Brown because the prior contract he made with Jones became enforceable when Jones accepted his offer.

Question 25

Paulette Paulson Furs advertises mink coats for sale at 30% off. The demand was much greater than anyone could have predicted, and 14 people who came to the store could not be provided with one of the sale coats. Since they had accepted Paulson's offer, she will have to find coats for them or be in breach of their contracts.

Question 26

Giardetti, a retailer, placed an advertisement in a local newspaper on May 5^th that read: "Special Sale! New 16" portable TV set available for sale to the first 10 customers at my store on May 10^th at a sale price of $100 each. Regular price $199. First come, first served!" Don was the 10^th customer in the store on May 10^th, but Giardetti refused to sell him a TV set for $100. Giardetti's advertisement was only an invitation to do business, and not a valid offer to sell.

Question 27

Jill has been negotiating the purchase of a speedboat with Sandi during the past two weeks. Two days ago, she wrote to Sandi, saying "I won't go any higher than $8,000. Take it or leave it, but that's my final offer." By coincidence, Sandi sent a letter the same day which said "I won't take less than $8,000, so if you can't accept that, I'll have to look elsewhere for a buyer." The letters have both arrived today at their destinations. There is a contract between Jill and Sandi.

Question 28

A trader on the floor of the Stock Exchange makes a deal with another trader by hand signals for the sale of a block of shares. This is a binding contract.

Question 29

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. The acceptance by Jones was ineffective because Jones did not reply to Rahul by way of a written acceptance.

Question 30

Franklin Motors Ltd. makes an agreement to buy 3,000 widgets for $1,000 from Stovely's Engineering Co. The law presumes that, unless one of them proves otherwise, they intended this agreement to be a legally binding one.

Question 31

Giardetti, a retailer, placed an advertisement in a local newspaper on May 5^th that read: "Special Sale! New 16" portable TV set available for sale to the first 10 customers at my store on May 10^th at a sale price of $100 each. Regular price $199. First come, first served!" Don was the 10^th customer in the store on May 10^th, but Giardetti refused to sell him a TV set for $100. If Giardetti had placed a notice on his shop door on May 9^th which read: "Sale cancelled," his notice would revoke the offer made in the newspaper on May 5^th.

Question 32

Alliston enters into an agreement with Berkley which, for $2,000, gives him the right to agree to purchase Berkley's screen printing business within the next 30 days for $50,000. If he decides to buy, they agree that the $2,000 will be the down payment on the purchase price. This agreement is an option.

Question 33

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul and Jones established a binding contract when Jones telephoned Rahul and accepted Rahul's offer to buy his canoe for $200.

Question 34

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. The contract between Rahul and Brown automatically rescinded the offer which Rahul had made to Jones.

Question 35

Tom offers to buy Jenny's fishing tackle for $500, but she says she wants $600. Tom then proposes a price of $550, but Jenny says she is not interested. Tom is afraid she will walk away from a deal, so he says "OK. I'll accept your offer to sell for $600." There is now a contract between them.

Question 36

Andy offers to sell his car to Bob, but Bob needs to arrange financing, so Andy says he will give Bob three days to do so. Andy can revoke the offer before the three days are up.

Question 37

Giardetti, a retailer, placed an advertisement in a local newspaper on May 5^th that read: "Special Sale! New 16" portable TV set available for sale to the first 10 customers at my store on May 10^th at a sale price of $100 each. Regular price $199. First come, first served!" Don was the 10^th customer in the store on May 10^th, but Giardetti refused to sell him a TV set for $100. The advertisement is not an offer because Giardetti did not express the intention to be bound by the statements in the advertisement.

Question 38

Rahul met Jones at a street corner and made a verbal offer to buy his canoe for $200. Jones replied that he would "think about it." Rahul nodded affirmatively. The two then went about their separate business. Later in the day, Rahul met Brown, who also had a canoe for sale, and Rahul offered to purchase Brown's canoe for $175. Brown agreed to sell Rahul his canoe. At 4 p.m. the same afternoon, after Rahul and Brown had made their arrangement, Jones telephoned Rahul to say he would accept Rahul's offer to buy his canoe. Rahul and Brown established a binding contract which both parties are obliged to perform.

Question 39

Giardetti, a retailer, placed an advertisement in a local newspaper on May 5^th that read: "Special Sale! New 16" portable TV set available for sale to the first 10 customers at my store on May 10^th at a sale price of $100 each. Regular price $199. First come, first served!" Don was the 10^th customer in the store on May 10^th, but Giardetti refused to sell him a TV set for $100. If Don had seen the notice on the shop door on May 9^th; he could still accept the offer, because the offer was irrevocable.

Question 40

Craig makes an offer to Josie by mail, because she cannot be reached by telephone. She replies by mail, accepting the offer. Canada Post mislays her reply for several weeks. Craig, who has given up waiting to hear from her, has entered into the contract with someone else after waiting for a reasonable time. Josie can sue Craig for breach of contract.

Question 41

It was almost time for the Heeleys to renew the mortgage on their home and they were considering their options. The mortgage was currently held by the Big Bank and the Heeleys were not satisfied with the service they had received from the Big Bank's mortgage staff. Recently, the local radio station had been airing commercials for the Little Bank, which suggested that people switch their mortgages to Little Bank to take advantage of better rates and more personal service. As a special incentive, the commercials stated that, for a limited time, for every mortgage over $50,000 which was brought to Little Bank from another financial institution, Little Bank would give the customer an all-expense-paid trip to Mexico. Feeling in need of a vacation, the Heeleys decided to take advantage of this incentive and made an appointment to see the manager of Little Bank. During their meeting the manager explained that the Mexico trip would be given on mortgages brought within the next month. The Heeleys mortgage did not expire at Big Bank for another six weeks, however the manager said it should not be a problem awarding them the trip for having made the commitment within the advertised period to transfer their mortgage. At the end of the six weeks, the Heeleys transferred their mortgage to Little Bank and delivered the paperwork needed by the bank to set up their trip. Several days later the Heeleys received a telephone call from the head office of the Little Bank informing them that they were not eligible to receive the trip as their mortgage had not been transferred within the offer period.
Discuss the legal issues that arise as a result of this case. What legal principles might the Heeleys and the bank apply to support their respective positions, and what would be the likely result should legal action ensue?

Question 42

There are requirements predetermined by law to make a contract binding and, therefore, legally enforceable. With your knowledge of the process of arriving at a contract, explain how that process relates to the legal solidification of a contract.

Question 43

On July 23^rd, Carson, who lived in Bytown, wrote a letter to Henri, offering to sell his (Carson's) vintage car for $18,000. The letter was delivered to Henri in his home in Mount Royal, an hour's drive away, on July 27.
On July 24^th, Carson met his friend Jack on the street. Jack expressed an interest in buying Carson's vintage car. He offered Carson $18,000 for the car, but Carson said only that he would "give the offer some thought," and promised to advise Jack of his decision. Carson did not tell Jack of his offer to sell the car to Henri. On July 25^th, while on vacation in York, Jack sent a fax to Carson, offering to buy the car for $18,250 if Carson would deliver the car, on July 30^th, to his farm, located some 20 km west of Bytown. Carson received the fax the same day and, that evening, wrote and mailed a letter to Henri, revoking his offer to sell the vintage car.
On July 28^th, Henri wrote a letter to Carson accepting his offer to sell the vintage car and enclosed a cheque for $18,000 as payment in full. On July 29^th, Henri received Carson's letter revoking the offer. Carson had business west of Bytown on July 29^th, and since his trip would take him past Jack's farm, he decided to deliver the vintage car on his way. Carson left the car on a trailer at Jack's farm, but finding no one at home, left the keys to the car and a note in Jack's mailbox. The note stated that he had left the car behind the garage. On July 30^th, Carson received the letter of acceptance Henri had mailed to him on July 28^th. Carson immediately telephoned Henri to tell him he had sold the car to Jack, but Henri was out of town on a business trip. Carson left a message with Henri's wife and, on July 31^st, returned by mail the cheque that Henri had sent him with the letter of acceptance
Later on July 31^st, Carson received a telephone call from Jack who had just returned from Toronto requesting delivery of the car. When Carson explained that the car had been delivered on July 29^th, Jack stated that the car was not behind the garage. Carson then requested Jack to call the police to investigate the theft. Later in August, the police located the car in the possession of a minor and an arrest was made. Unfortunately the car had been badly damaged while in the thief's possession. The estimate of damages was $12,000.
Discuss the issues raised in this case. Describe the rights of the parties (if any) and the possible outcome of any litigation if legal action should be taken to enforce the rights of the parties.

Question 44

Mookie, a professional baseball player, negotiated with the Soxville Eagles for a one-year contract. He was given one week to consider the offer and was to sign it by the opening day of the season, one week away. Mookie, in the meantime, was offered a better contract with the Baxton Bulldogs, which he accepted. On opening day, Mookie walked onto the field in the uniform of Baxton. Soxville can sue Mookie for a breach of contract.

Question 45

At a computer fair, Porter saw a demonstration by Maxwell of an excellent new accounting software package published by Slyckbyte Co., but he felt it was overpriced at $900. "At $500," he said, "I would definitely buy it." Maxwell said that she was not authorized to give deals to anyone, not even such a good customer as Porter. Porter bought another package from a different company. Four days later, he received a package from Maxwell that contained the new software and a letter which said that Slyckbyte was happy to give him the discount he had wanted and that she looked forward to receiving his cheque within the next few days.
Discuss whether Porter must pay for the software.

Question 46

George was an independent salesman, working sales territories in which various manufacturers did not maintain sales agents. Prior to a trip to Northern Manitoba, George informed a manufacturer of small electrical generators he expected to secure an order for fifty generators on this trip. From a more remote community, George was able to send a fax to the manufacturer which, when received, read "Send by air immediately the generators. Must be here by next Thursday." The fax should have read, "three generators" and the mistake was made solely by the fax office. The manufacturer sent fifty generators. Aside from the fact that one of the parties may have a remedy against the fax office, discuss the relevant principles of contract raised here, and determine whether there was no contract, a contract for three generators, or a contract for fifty generators.

Question 47

Robert has just mailed a letter of acceptance in response to James' letter offering to sell his hardware store to Robert, when he is knocked down by a car and killed. Jane, Robert's wife and sole heir, wants to run the business, since that is what she and Robert had intended, but James does not believe a woman could run a hardware store and tells her that the deal is off. Discuss Jane's legal position.

Question 48

Becky is colouring her hair one day and her friend Kamilah asks if Becky will colour hers as well. Becky agrees and does a good job. Two months later, Becky goes to a professional hairdresser to have her hair coloured and pays her $100. Becky should also be entitled to payment for her colouring job.

Question 49

John notices while mowing his lawn one summer day that while his neighbour had been on vacation, his hedge had become unkempt. Worried that people might think it were his hedge, John decided to clip the hedge himself. On his return John's neighbour thanked John for the work. Several weeks later the neighbour hired a handyman to do the same job and paid him $50. John would be entitled to payment for subsequent hedge clippings if requested by his neighbour.

Question 50

Discuss the significance of Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball Co. [1893], 1 Q.B. 256 for modern day marketing practice. Give some examples to illustrate your points.

Question 51

The world of commerce requires that the intention to create a legal relationship be proven before any contract can be found to exist between the parties.

Question 52

If an acceptance is not unconditional, but changes the terms of the original offer, then it would have the effect of rejecting the original offer.

Question 53

If GA Stereos sends a fax to Wholesale HiFi Equipment ordering ten car stereos at a particular catalogue price, requesting delivery by courier (or some other means), the fax would not constitute an offer to purchase.

Question 54

When an offeree dies before accepting an offer, the offer does not lapse because the deceased's personal representative can accept an offer on behalf of a deceased person.