Deck 3: Ethics and Privacy

Question 1

Minimizing the organization's carbon footprint and otherwise striving for "green IT" is an example of a _________ approach.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The _________ approach maintains that an ethical action is the one that best protects and respects the moral rights of the affected parties.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Obamacare was created to address the _________ approach.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The ____ used Apple ____ to steal the catcher's signs to the pitcher.

A) Boston Red Sox; iPhones
B) Boston Red Sox; Watches
C) New York Yankees; iPhones
D) New York Yankees; Watches

Question 5

The proliferation of _______ in ballparks has enabled teams to more efficiently steal signs.

A) cameras
B) umpires
C) cell phones
D) base coaches

Question 6

The _________ approach states that the morality of an action is based on whether the action itself is right or wrong under a series of rules, rather than based on the consequences of that action.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 7

_________ is the first step in the general framework for ethics.

A) Act and reflect on the outcome of your decision
B) Evaluate alternative actions
C) Get the facts
D) Make a decision and test it
E) Recognize an ethical issue

Question 8

Major League Baseball prohibits binoculars, telescopes, and electronic devices. Violating the rules can result in a fine. To the violating team or individual, the fine is an example of ________.

A) accountability
B) due process
C) responsibility
D) liability

Question 9

The _________ approach highlights the interlocking relationships that underlie all societies.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 10

_________ is the fourth step in the general framework for ethics.

A) Act and reflect on the outcome of your decision
B) Evaluate alternative actions
C) Get the facts
D) Make a decision and test it
E) Recognize an ethical issue

Question 11

The pursuit of the "American dream" and our ability to choose our religious orientation is a reflection of the _________ approach.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 12

Suppose that you believe that killing someone is wrong even if it is self-defense. This is an example of the _________ approach.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 13

_________ is the final step in the general framework for ethics.

A) Act and reflect on the outcome of your decision
B) Evaluate alternative actions
C) Get the facts
D) Make a decision and test it
E) Recognize an ethical issue

Question 14

As teams have begun utilizing available technologies to help steal signs, challenge calls, and in general, assist in various aspects of the game, MLB ________.

A) has instilled a zero tolerance policy for rule violations.
B) has to adapt rules and regulations, such as limiting access to live game broadcast and not replay footage.
C) is stuck trying to figure out how to enable access to whatever new technology is available to teams while limiting how they can be used for cheating.
D) has had to crack down on what can be brought into the ballparks by fans; no video cameras or cell phones may be used in most areas of many stadiums.

Question 15

The _________ approach states that an ethical action is the one that provides the most good or does the least harm.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 16

The debate over CEO salaries being so much higher than other employees is an issue addressed by the _________ approach.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 17

_________ is the third step in the general framework for ethics.

A) Act and reflect on the outcome of your decision
B) Evaluate alternative actions
C) Get the facts
D) Make a decision and test it
E) Recognize an ethical issue

Question 18

_________ is the second step in the general framework for ethics.

A) Act and reflect on the outcome of your decision
B) Evaluate alternative actions
C) Get the facts
D) Make a decision and test it
E) Recognize an ethical issue

Question 19

The _________ approach posits that ethical actions treat all human beings equally, or, if unequally, then fairly, based on some defensible standard.

A) common good
B) deontology
C) fairness
D) rights
E) utilitarian

Question 20

_______ is a product used to collect data on visitors to websites that integrates with Google's ad-targeting systems.

A) DoubleClick
B) Google Analytics
C) Google Attribution
D) Periscope Data Analysis

Question 21

You can check your credit report annually for free through TransUnion, Equifax, and Experian. This allows you to catch signs of identity theft early and note any problems in your credit reports. This is an example of an ethical issue that falls into the category of ________.

A) accessibility
B) accuracy
C) privacy
D) property

Question 22

_________ is a legal concept that gives individuals the right to recover the damages done to them by other individuals, organizations, or systems.

A) Accountability
B) Answerability
C) Liability
D) Responsibility

Question 23

Which of the following is a property issue?

A) How can we ensure that the information will be processed properly and presented accurately to users?
B) How should we handle illegally copying copyrighted software?
C) What information about oneself should an individual be required to reveal to others?
D) What information does a person or an organization have a right to obtain, under what conditions, and with what safeguards?

Question 24

Companies like Google and Facebook make their money by selling your information to advertisers. This is an example of an ethical issue that falls into the category of ________.

A) accessibility
B) accuracy
C) privacy
D) property

Question 25

_________ refers to determining who is responsible for actions that were taken.

A) Accountability
B) Answerability
C) Liability
D) Responsibility

Question 26

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires publicly held companies to implement _________ controls; it was passed to address the _________ crisis.

A) financial; Enron
B) financial; Wells Fargo bank
C) operational; Enron
D) operational; Wells Fargo bank

Question 27

Which of the following is an accuracy issue?

A) How can we ensure that the information will be processed properly and presented accurately to users?
B) How should we handle illegally copying copyrighted software?
C) What information about oneself should an individual be required to reveal to others?
D) What information does a person or an organization have a right to obtain, under what conditions, and with what safeguards?

Question 28

Which of the following is a privacy issue?

A) How can we ensure that the information will be processed properly and presented accurately to users?
B) How should we handle illegally copying copyrighted software?
C) What information about oneself should an individual be required to reveal to others?
D) What information does a person or an organization have a right to obtain, under what conditions, and with what safeguards?

Question 29

Suppose you slip in the hallway and break your arm. You sue the school for not properly marking the wet spot that caused you to slip. This is an example of ________.

A) accountability
B) answerability
C) liability
D) responsibility

Question 30

Which of the following is a privacy issue?

A) How can we ensure that errors in databases, data transmissions, and data processing are accidental and not intentional?
B) How much should companies charge for permitting access to information in their databases?
C) Under what circumstances can one use proprietary databases?
D) What information about individuals should be kept in databases, and how secure is the information there?

Question 31

Suppose you only study two hours for your next test. If you understand that means you may not do well on that test and you are willing to accept the lower grade, it means you are taking _________ for your actions.

A) accountability
B) answerability
C) liability
D) responsibility

Question 32

_________ issues involve collecting, storing, and disseminating information about individuals.

A) Accessibility
B) Accuracy
C) Privacy
D) Property

Question 33

_________ is the most recent example of ethical misbehavior in organizations.

A) Enron
B) Tyco
C) Wells Fargo bank
D) WorldCom

Question 34

Which of the following is an accuracy issue?

A) How can we ensure that errors in databases, data transmissions, and data processing are accidental and not intentional?
B) How much should companies charge for permitting access to information in their databases?
C) Under what circumstances can one use proprietary databases?
D) What information about individuals should be kept in databases, and how secure is the information there?

Question 35

_________ issues revolve around who should have access to information and whether they should pay a fee for this access.

A) Accessibility
B) Accuracy
C) Privacy
D) Property

Question 36

Which of the following is an accessibility issue?

A) How can we ensure that the information will be processed properly and presented accurately to users?
B) How should we handle illegally copying copyrighted software?
C) What information about oneself should an individual be required to reveal to others?
D) What information does a person or an organization have a right to obtain, under what conditions, and with what safeguards?

Question 37

Suppose you only study two hours for your next test. You fail the test and tell the teacher that he or she obviously did a really terrible job teaching the material. This means you aren't accepting _________ for your actions.

A) accountability
B) answerability
C) liability
D) responsibility

Question 38

_________ issues involve the authenticity, fidelity, and correctness of information that is collected and processed.

A) Accessibility
B) Accuracy
C) Privacy
D) Property

Question 39

_________ issues involve the ownership and value of information.

A) Accessibility
B) Accuracy
C) Privacy
D) Property

Question 40

_________ means that you accept the consequences of your decisions and actions.

A) Accountability
B) Answerability
C) Liability
D) Responsibility

Question 41

Which is NOT a current negative consequence of Aadhaar?

A) People were unfairly dropped from food subsidiary lists.
B) People have been dropped from life insurance programs.
C) Millions of users' information has been leaked to non-government entities.
D) Government agencies have wrongfully published welfare beneficiaries' information.

Question 42

Companies prefer the _________ model of informed consent.

A) opt-in
B) opt-out
C) sign-up
D) sign-out

Question 43

What is considered to be the "holy grail" of online advertising?

A) Being able to determine repeat customers to an online retailer
B) Being able to determine exact spending habits of the 18-35 year old demographic
C) Being able to determine which Web browsers elicit the most ad revenue
D) Being able to determine purchases generated by online ad campaigns

Question 44

Europeans and privacy advocates prefer the _________ model of informed consent.

A) opt-in
B) opt-out
C) sign-up
D) sign-out

Question 45

_______ is a mobile, Web-based study application used by half of all high school students and one-third of all college students in the United States.

A) Brainly
B) Dropbox
C) Google Docs
D) Quizlet

Question 46

The issues that came up in the Quizlet/Texas Christian University cheating scandal in 2018 highlighted the need for ____________.

A) more Web-based study tools to be available to students of all socioeconomic backgrounds.
B) universities to adapt to the changing nature of technology as it pertains to the ways in which students are learning.
C) widespread reform in terms of Internet access on college campuses.
D) colleges to revise their Codes of Conduct to eliminate the ambiguity in students using opensource study tools.

Question 47

Which of the following is a property issue?

A) How can we ensure that errors in databases, data transmissions, and data processing are accidental and not intentional?
B) How much should companies charge for permitting access to information in their databases?
C) Under what circumstances can one use proprietary databases?
D) What information about individuals should be kept in databases, and how secure is the information there?

Question 48

What does recent data from the U.S. Census Bureau indicate about consumer habits?

A) The majority of shopping takes place online at retailers such as Amazon and Alibaba.
B) The majority of shopping takes place offline, in brick-and-mortar stores.
C) Online versus offline shopping habits remain relatively evenly distributed.
D) The rise in popularity for consumer-to-consumer selling, such as Facebook Marketplace and Craigslist, has made it difficult to get accurate data about consumer shopping habits.

Question 49

The _________ model of informed consent permits the company to collect personal information until the customer specifically requests that the data not be collected.

A) opt-in
B) opt-out
C) sign-up
D) sign-out

Question 50

________ can identify which clicks and key words had the largest impact on a consumer's purchasing decision.

A) DoubleClick
B) Google Analytics
C) Google Attribution
D) Periscope Data Analysis

Question 51

The _________ model of informed consent prohibits an organization from collecting any personal information unless the customer specifically authorizes it.

A) opt-in
B) opt-out
C) sign-up
D) sign-out

Question 52

Some are concerned that the use of Aadhaar's information will further impede _________.

A) tax collection
B) access to the Internet
C) social mobility
D) government transparency

Question 53

Which of the following is an accessibility issue?

A) How can we ensure that errors in databases, data transmissions, and data processing are accidental and not intentional?
B) How much should companies charge for permitting access to information in their databases?
C) Under what circumstances can one use proprietary databases?
D) What information about individuals should be kept in databases, and how secure is the information there?

Question 54

Aadhaar is a _______ database.

A) biometric
B) credit card
C) password
D) security

Question 55

Companies purchase digital dossiers to ________.

A) create customer intimacy
B) engage in electronic surveillance
C) evaluate the competition
D) track their own reputations

Question 56

Photo tagging is a type of _________ technology.

A) facial recognition
B) GPS
C) information privacy
D) RFID

Question 57

________ implemented a biometric database to better serve its poor citizens.

A) Australia
B) China
C) India
D) Russia

Question 58

License plate reader companies maintain that only two groups can use their software to find the owner of a car: law enforcement agencies and ______ companies.

A) advertising
B) insurance
C) loan
D) repossession

Question 59

While law enforcement officials, insurance companies, and automakers might be proponents of LPR companies and the technology they use, private citizens are largely concerned with _______.

A) issues of privacy
B) elimination of certain jobs that the technology replaces
C) increased costs of things like municipal fees and fines and insurance premiums
D) the Department of Motor Vehicles' access to this information

Question 60

_________ is NOT an example of a data aggregator.

A) Acxiom
B) ChoicePoint
C) Google
D) LexisNexis

Question 61

Axon primarily uses _______ data to build its database.

A) biometric
B) body camera
C) credit card
D) social media

Question 62

All employees have a responsibility to encourage ethical uses of information and information technology.

Question 63

The _________ component of body camera software had caused many to express fears over the need for probably cause for searches, or stop and frisk encounters.

A) facial recognition
B) automated threat assessment
C) geographic predictions
D) biased algorithms

Question 64

Telemarketing and ads on Google are examples of accessibility issues.

Question 65

Before technology like cameras and Apple Watches, it was almost impossible to steal signs in baseball.

Question 66

Google and Facebook collect, store, and disseminate a great deal of information about the people who use their websites. This is an example of an accuracy issue.

Question 67

Privacy experts agree with Google that Google's double-blind encryption ensures the privacy and security of consumer information.

Question 68

Google can analyze offline purchase activity even when consumers deactivate location tracking on their smartphones.

Question 69

Axon uses _______ to analyze its video footage in order to encourage law enforcement to use video recordings for more investigative analysis.

A) biometric data
B) business intelligence
C) machine learning systems
D) radio frequency identification

Question 70

The MLB has limited replay assistants to using only live feed footage for challenges.

Question 71

The Facebook and Cambridge Analytica scandal occurred in ______; the problem started in ______.

A) 2016; 2010
B) 2016; 2017
C) 2018; 2010
D) 2018; 2017

Question 72

Cambridge Analytica's data collection of Facebook users has been used to impact and affect which area the most?

A) Politics
B) Retail
C) Banking and finance
D) Education

Question 73

What is unethical is not necessarily illegal.

Question 74

You check your credit report annually to ensure your identity hasn't been stolen. This is an example of a property issue.

Question 75

Privacy advocates are not questioning whether Axon's software will transform the legal and lethal limits of policing but how it will change policing and who will profit the most from these changes.

Question 76

Which is NOT a concern expressed by advocates over reservations about Axon's technology?

A) The machines will learn from the police's labeling of footage, rather than civilians'.
B) Video footage only records civilians from the police's point of view.
C) Automated threat assessments may transform policing for the worse, not better.
D) Machine learning will not be able to identify objects such as stop signs, guns, and license plates, only civilians' faces.

Question 77

All unethical actions are illegal in the United States.

Question 78

Deciding what is right or wrong is always easy and clear-cut.

Question 79

The Cambridge Analytica scandal involved ______ user data.

A) Amazon
B) Facebook
C) Google
D) Twitter

Question 80

If it is unethical, it is illegal.