Deck 3: Birth and the Newborn Baby: in the New World

Question 1

Maternal depression is rarely experienced by women.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The Babinski reflex occurs when a baby's position is suddenly changed or a loss of support for the neck and head occurs.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Newborns have stronger vision for colour than for light and dark.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Newborns spend about half of their sleep time in REM sleep

Question 5

Reflexes are learned behaviours.

Question 6

The Brazelton Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale screens for behavioural and neurological problems of newborns.

Question 7

Shaken baby syndrome is equally prevalent across cultural groups.

Question 8

SIDS is diagnosed in children under the age of 2.

Question 9

The Apgar scale is used to assess the health of the mother postpartum.

Question 10

In a Canadian study of Abusive Head Trauma, more than 80 percent of the children who survived had neurological impairments and ongoing care issues.

Question 11

In Canada, the infant mortality rate in Indigenous communities is four times higher than the national average.

Question 12

Taste buds begin to develop immediately after birth.

Question 13

The Lamaze method involves the use of relaxation techniques to reduce pain during childbirth.

Question 14

Dr. Shea is practising medicine for the first time in a northern Indigenous community. She can expect that, compared with Toronto, a lower percentage of this population will access health care.

Question 15

Low-birth-weight infants tend to do poorer in school and have more motor development problems than their normal-weight peers.

Question 16

Newborns' sense of touch is important for developing attachment.

Question 17

Parents should not pick up crying infants because doing so spoils them.

Question 18

Maternal depression is experienced around the world.

Question 19

Oxygen deprivation during delivery is associated with childhood schizophrenia.

Question 20

Sucking on a pacifier has no soothing effect for infants.

Question 21

Anoxia can impair the development of the fetus's central nervous system.

Question 22

Newborns prefer to watch moving lights as opposed to stationary lights.

Question 23

Almost all newborns sleep through the night right after coming home from the hospital.

Question 24

Baby Sandra occasionally takes brief breaks in her breathing. These breaks are no cause for alarm.

Question 25

The use of cesarean sections has declined over the past 20 years.

Question 26

A Canadian study of Abusive Head Trauma concluded that babies can easily recover from this trauma.

Question 27

Newborns prefer sweet tastes.

Question 28

According to the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, an episiotomy can speed the mother's recovery after childbirth.

Question 29

The Apgar scale assesses the newborn's well-being one minute after birth.

Question 30

The first stage of childbirth is the shortest stage.

Question 31

The absence or weakness of a newborn's reflex may indicate immaturity, slowed responsiveness, brain injury, or neurological impairment.

Question 32

SIDS is more common among male babies.

Question 33

Certain high-pitched infant cries signal health problems.

Question 34

REM sleep in newborns appears to stimulate the brain.

Question 35

Most women today give birth using general anesthetics.

Question 36

Parents of preterm infants generally show them increased care and affection in comparison with parents of full-term infants.

Question 37

Newborns can discriminate distinct odours.

Question 38

Transition occurs at the end of the first stage of labour.

Question 39

The strongest predictor of whether a practitioner will choose to use episiotomy is the condition of the mother and baby.

Question 40

Newborns are more likely to be soothed by high-pitched sounds.

Question 41

Parents can learn the meaning of their infants' cries.

Question 42

General anesthesia strengthens uterine contractions and increases the responsiveness of the newborn.

Question 43

Newborns show little or no visual accommodation.

Question 44

Baby Lucy is 3 months old and Baby Elise is 10 months old. Baby Elise is more likely to die of SIDS than Baby Lucy.

Question 45

It is critical that parents have contact with their infants in the first few hours after birth if attachment is to occur.

Question 46

Infants are unable to distinguish between pleasant and unpleasant odours until they are three months of age.

Question 47

Preterm infants who are cuddled, rocked, talked to, and sung to tend to do better than preterm infants who are left alone.

Question 48

An infant is born in the third stage of childbirth.

Question 49

Infant health depends on a combination of economic, social, political, and environmental factors.

Question 50

Newborns have poor hearing at birth.

Question 51

More infants die from AIDS than from SIDS.

Question 52

The stepping reflex develops just prior to the ability of a child to walk.

Question 53

Newborns are colour blind and farsighted at birth.

Question 54

Sudden infant death syndrome is usually caused by parents.

Question 55

The grasping reflex is strengthened after the fourth month of age.

Question 56

The Canadian awareness campaign, Back to Sleep, has helped to decrease the incidence of SIDS by 50%.

Question 57

Newborns are insensitive to different tastes.

Question 58

Baby Ashlyn has just been assessed using the Apgar scale and has received a score of 10. She requires urgent medical attention.

Question 59

Babies placed in absolute darkness open their eyes wide and search around.

Question 60

No positive effects have been demonstrated from the use of midwives.

Question 61

What is the visual ability of newborns?

A) Newborns are nearsighted.
B) Newborns can see clearly up to six metres away.
C) Newborns are blind for the first few weeks of life.
D) Newborns have 20/20 vision, unless they are born with a vision disorder.

Question 62

What is the typical experience of women who use midwives?

A) They report having less pain.
B) They have fewer breech births.
C) They are more satisfied with their prenatal care.
D) They have shorter labours.

Question 63

A fetus may respond to a sound by kicking in the womb.

Question 64

Touch is one of the most important senses in helping infants thrive.

Question 65

What deficiency do very low birth weight baby's experience as children?

A) greater likelihood of bone breakage when playing
B) fewer friends due to smaller size
C) poor neurological development through the school years
D) delayed onset of puberty

Question 66

Women who experience postpartum depression can benefit from social support and medical interventions.

Question 67

Jenn and Dave are expecting their second child. They wonder whether their second child will have a similar sleep pattern to that of their first child. What would their pediatrician most likely tell them about infant sleep patterns?

A) Sleep patterns are remarkably consistent across infants.
B) Infant sleep patterns are very similar to adult sleeping patterns.
C) Infant sleep patterns stabilize quickly and then do not change through life.
D) Infant sleep patterns are inconsistent and change as the child ages.

Question 68

Candace is a researcher studying visual tracking in newborns. When asked about her work, which of the following is she most likely to state?

A) Visual tracking develops several months after birth.
B) Many newborns can track objects the first day after birth.
C) Many newborns require several weeks of experience to track objects.
D) Newborns' tracking ability depends on the level of stimulation in the womb.

Question 69

Little can be done to help low-birth-weight infants improve as they get older.

Question 70

The Lamaze method has been shown to reduce fear and pain during childbirth.

Question 71

Some suggest that picking up a crying baby will result in a spoiled baby. What does the text say about whether it is possible to spoil a baby?

A) Picking up a crying baby will result in more crying.
B) It is very difficult to spoil a baby so parents should always pick up a crying infant.
C) Picking up a crying baby is only the first step toward spoiling an infant.
D) This is a question that is still being debated.

Question 72

What has research found regarding the effects of medications given to the mother during delivery?

A) It is unclear to what degree medications affect the newborn.
B) It is clear that medications permanently damage the newborn.
C) The effects of medications appear to depend on the age of the mother.
D) There is no compelling evidence that medications negatively affect the newborn.

Question 73

A baby who is low in birth weight but full term is said to be small for dates.

Question 74

The infant signals to the mother that it is ready to be born.

Question 75

Jane's doctor just performed an episiotomy on her. Which of the following is her doctor most likely to tell her?

A) It is routinely done in hospitals around the world.
B) It may cause itching and discomfort during healing.
C) It is necessary to get the baby out of the birth canal.
D) It is more commonly performed today than 20 years ago.

Question 76

What physical change does Shaken Baby Syndrome usually result in?

A) spinal injuries
B) head trauma
C) bodily bruising
D) broken bones

Question 77

What would you tell a friend about how long she might expect to experience the baby blues after she has given birth?

A) The symptoms should ease up by the end of the second week after delivery.
B) The symptoms generally last up to one year after delivery.
C) Most cases disappear after the first 48 hours.
D) She may experience baby blues for a week, but it is rare that they last longer than that.

Question 78

William James, a founder of modern psychology, wrote that the newborn must sense the world "as one great blooming, buzzing confusion."

Question 79

Baby Darcy has just passed away at the age of 6 months. What is the most likely cause of this infant death if Darcy was born in Canada?

A) cystic fibrosis
B) heart disease
C) sudden infant death syndrome
D) Shaken Baby Syndrome

Question 80

Caroline counsels women who are experiencing postpartum depression. What has she most likely observed in the women she treats?

A) They generally have low self-esteem.
B) They can benefit from drugs that lower their estrogen levels.
C) They generally have lower IQs.
D) They can benefit from social support.