Deck 15: Sport and the Environment

Question 1

The 'triple bottom line' of sustainability includes:

A) Economic, political and social issues
B) Political, social and environmental issues
C) Social, environmental and economic issues
D) Environmental, economic and political issues

Answer 1

C

Question 2

According to a 2014 report from the World Health Organization, climate change is predicted to cause an addition _____ deaths per year between 2030 and 2050.

A) 38,000
B) 95,000
C) 160,000
D) 250,000

Answer 2

D

Question 3

If I am concerned about the ways that environment-related activities in my own city of Edmonton might have a negative impact on those living in other parts of Canada, this would be related to:

A) Intergenerational inequity
B) Transfrontier inequity
C) Intra-generational inequity
D) Interspecies inequity

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A projected rise of _____ temperature is considered the tipping point for trends including: rising water levels from melting glaciers, natural disasters associated with more storms, and food shortage due to more rain and rising temperatures.

A) 1°C
B) 2°C
C) 3°C
D) 4°C

Question 5

The ways that future generations my be negatively impacted by the environment-related activities of current generations, and recognizing that future generations have no 'say' about the decisions that may impact them, is termed:

A) Intergenerational inequity
B) Transfrontier inequity
C) Intra-generational inequity
D) Interspecies inequity

Question 6

The set of recommendations and strategic roadmap recently introduced for the future of the Olympic Movement that includes stated commitments to environmental sustainability, is called:

A) Agenda 2020
B) OlymPractices 2020
C) EnviroGames 2020
D) ClimaTech 2020

Question 7

Sustainability carries with it three assumptions. Which of the following is NOT one of those assumptions?

A) Being sustainable can be 'good for business'
B) Economic growth and progress on environmental issues are compatible
C) You can hold sport mega events and continue the production and consumption of sport-related commodities, and still be sustainable
D) Environmental issues can be overlooked if ethical business practices are undertaken

Question 8

The Eagleridge Bluffs, a site of a 500-year old dry arbutus forest that was a nesting site for over 20 different species of bird, was at risk in the construction of which project for the 2010 Vancouver Olympics?

A) Constructing the Richmond Oval arena
B) Constructing the Olympic Village
C) Expanding the Whistler sky resort
D) Expanding the Sea-to-Sky Highway between Vancouver and Whistler

Question 9

Which renowned Olympic athlete pulled out of his event at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games for fear for his health?

A) Swiss tennis player Roger Federer
B) Ethiopian distance runner Haile Gebrselassie
C) Moroccan middle-distance runner Hicham El Guerrouj
D) British cyclist Chris Hoy

Question 10

What is often considered to be the MOST significant environmental impact of alpine skiing?

A) The waste caused by skiers
B) The destruction of natural vegetation and soil erosion
C) The risks to the health of wildlife from chemicals used to maintain ski terrain
D) The reduction of wetland areas due to modifications of rivers and lakes that the melted snow from ski hills feed into

Question 11

A report into the water venues of the 2016 Rio Olympic Games revealed that:

A) Most of the water venues were safe, but some contained high levels of pollutants
B) Only some people who swam in the water venues were at risk to illnesses including diarrhea, vomiting, and respiratory trouble
C) Every single Olympic water venue was considered unsafe
D) The media hyperbole around polluted water was exaggerated

Question 12

As explained in the text, the key difference between strong and weak ecological modernization is:

A) The extent of government and non-industry monitoring in the work of economic modernization
B) The budget for carrying out the work of ecological modernization
C) The public support for carrying out the work of ecological modernization
D) The number of partnerships and collaborations in place to undertake the work of ecological modernization

Question 13

Sport that meets the needs of today's sporting communities while contributing to the improvement of future sport opportunities for all and the improvement of the integrity of the natural and social environment on which it depends, is understood by what term:

A) Democratic
B) Sustainable
C) Ethical
D) Responsible

Question 14

Which of the following sports is considered as one of the most environmental impactful?

A) Lawn bowling
B) Beach volleyball
C) Tennis
D) Golf

Question 15

A key issue with Agenda 2020, the IOC's recently introduced strategic roadmap that includes stated commitments to environmental sustainability is that:

A) There is no extra budget allocated to fulfil any of the recommendations
B) None of the recommendations is tied to tangible or meaningful penalties for the IOC or local organizing committees
C) Local organizing committees have often been very resistant to practices related to environmental sustainability
D) Corporate partners do not share the same values and ideals of environmental sustainability, which renders the strategic roadmap redundant and toothless

Question 16

If you were to design a golf course aligned with a radical pro-environment perspective, which of the following would you MOST concern yourself with?

A) The use of golf carts
B) Golfers consuming alcohol while playing
C) Course irrigation
D) Pesticide use

Question 17

In 1994, the IOC declared _________ as the third pillar of the Olympic movement?

A) The environment
B) The host city local community
C) International partnerships
D) Television

Question 18

The ways that the activities of humans also have implications for plants and (non-human) animals, and that humans may disregard or deemphasize these implications, is termed:

A) Intergenerational inequity
B) Transfrontier inequity
C) Intra-generational inequity
D) Interspecies inequity

Question 19

According to Duffy (2011), all venues constructed for the Vancouver Games incorporated practices and technologies that minimized environmental impacts. Which of the following was NOT one of those practices/technologies?

A) Improving indoor light and air quality
B) Conserving biodiversity
C) Utilizing Indigenous knowledge
D) Reducing waste and pollution

Question 20

A recent report found that ______ out of 18 locations where Winter Olympic Games have previously been held would be climate eligible in 2050.

A) 8
B) 10
C) 13
D) 15

Question 21

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Ecological Modernization (EM)?

A) Governments tend to support EM because it allows them to address environmental concerns without affecting the engine of economic growth
B) It is underpinned by the taken-for-granted belief that there is no need to slow down industry if we can make it more efficient
C) Despite its increasing prevalence, EM remains a subordinate (i.e. not the dominant) approach to addressing environmental issues in sport
D) Numerous groups benefit financially from the ideology underpinning EM

Question 22

In 2014, the NHL positioned itself as a market leader in environmental sustainability through its Sustainability Report. We can critique the report in all of the following ways, EXCEPT:

A) It provides a limited economic budget for dealing with sustainability issues
B) It assumed that their idea to offset carbon emissions perfectly compensates for the carbon emissions the NHL generates
C) Bigger questions about having fewer games, fewer teams or moving arenas away from warmer climates, where it takes more energy to regulate their temperatures, are overlooked
D) The solutions presented are arguably peripheral to more important potential solutions

Question 23

The acronym SME is used in the text to refer to:

A) Sport-minded environmentalists
B) Socially-minded environmentalists
C) Sport marketing experts
D) Sport management environmentalists

Question 24

As a member of an environmentalist group that is tasked with working with members of a local Olympic organizing committee, based on previous experiences, which of the following might you come across?

A) A strong and deep-rooted commitment by the IOC and local organizing committee members for environmental sustainability that is met with fair debate and practical outcomes without the need for compromise
B) A feeling that consultations with the IOC and local organizing committees were more 'for show' than for eliciting and acting on the views, information and expertise of your group
C) A strong feeling that if environmental issues were not sufficiently addressed, then the Games might not go ahead at all
D) A feeling of equality between environmentalist groups and other stakeholders

Question 25

Carbon offsetting initiatives intend to raise donations in order to balance emissions used with emissions saved. Where do these donations typically go towards?

A) Funding a specific carbon-saving project, like a wind farm
B) Funding the general activities of an environmental organization, like Green Peace
C) Funding the campaign expenses of the Green Party
D) Funding large corporate ventures to create more environmental sustainability products (e.g. the Toyota Prius)

Question 26

Especially useful in understanding how powerful groups obtain consent for their actions is the concept of:

A) Democracy
B) Hegemony
C) Philanthropy
D) Functionalism

Question 27

The appearance, within organizational or corporate rhetoric, of environmental sustainability rather than an actual deep commitment to environmentalism, is termed:

A) Fake green news
B) Green tokenism
C) Green-washing
D) Big green lies

Question 28

O'Bonsawin's (2014) research on the Eagleridge Bluff Protests before the 2010 Vancouver Games found all of the following EXCEPT:

A) The Olympic movement fails to adequately acknowledge the legal and human rights of Indigenous populations
B) The Olympic Games continue to cause significant environmental harm
C) The IOC's sustainability priorities serve as a smokescreen to justify their 'business as usual' approach
D) The protests were successful in ensuring that proposed alterations to the landscape were only temporary

Question 29

Sport management environmentalists often underpin their work with the following ecological modernization philosophies. Which of the following is NOT considered in the text to be one of those philosophies?

A) Innovation and technology-oriented solutions are crucial to dealing with environmental problems
B) Committing to work with other stakeholders who are concerned with environmental-related issues
C) Acknowledging that sport-related activities might have a damaging impact on the natural environment
D) Advocating for strict regulation, driven by governmental regulation and designed to force rapid change

Question 30

A precautionary approach typically involves four different measures. Which of the following is NOT one of those measures?

A) Increasing public participation in decision making
B) Avoiding taking unnecessary preventative actions in the face of uncertainty
C) Shifting the burden of proof to the proponents of an activity
D) Exploring a wide range of alternatives to possibly harmful actions