Deck 8: Deviance, Sport, and Physical Culture

Question 1

A corollary to viewing deviance as an outcome of a social process informed by power and involving negotiation and contestation would be to acknowledge that:

A) Deviance results from inadequate socialization
B) Deviance can be objectively determined
C) Deviance is a social fact
D) Nothing is inherently deviant

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following is FALSE with respect to "disabled" bodies and sport?

A) The Olympic Games are constructed as the real sports event and the Paralympic Games are constructed as a derivative of this real event.
B) "Disabled" bodies are deviantized in numerous ways.
C) The history of the Paralympic Games is a story about the agency of those people with disabilities who laid the foundation of the modern Paralympic movement.
D) The history of the modern Paralympic Games marginalizes, homogenizes, and pathologizes athletes with disabilities.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

There are four central beliefs that define the sport ethic, and what it means to identify one's self as an athlete. Which of the following is not one of these four main beliefs?

A) accept risks
B) make sacrifices
C) accept criticism
D) strive for distinction

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A central component of BASE ethics is the expectation:

A) that the media will be notified about any jump
B) that jumpers will notify local jumpers when visiting an area
C) that jumping in your local area will be posted online for jumpers outside the area
D) that visiting jumpers will only jump with someone local to the area

Question 5

Types of deviance that are normalized and not interpreted by audiences as a legitimate threat to the collective moral good could be considered:

A) Accepted deviance
B) Good deviance
C) Tolerable deviance
D) Positive deviance

Question 6

In his conception of the sociological imagination, C. Wright Mills stresses the importance of understanding:

A) ethnic relations
B) gender inequality
C) personal biography
D) individual perceptions

Question 7

A football player who deliberately tries to injury a star player on the opposing team in order to improve the chances of his team winning would be an example of:

A) Positive deviance
B) Playing through pain
C) Tolerable deviance
D) Deviance dance

Question 8

The tolerable deviance framework brings our attention to the idea that sport is constructed as a space in which deviance is:

A) accepted and even celebrated
B) stereotyped and challenged
C) viewed as inherently negative
D) only acceptable to sport organizations but not fans

Question 9

When studying deviance and sport, you decide to look at the ways in which particular ideas about what constitutes deviance come to be and how these ideas are produced and enforced. This approach to the study of deviance is rooted in:

A) the work of Karl Marx and materialism
B) C. Wright Mills and his concept of "sociological imagination"
C) Talcott Parsons and his theory of complementary roles
D) George Herbert Mead's conception of the self

Question 10

It is best to understand deviance as:

A) deviant in and of itself
B) not affected by social and geographical locations
C) not politically and ideologically neutral
D) not affected by social control efforts

Question 11

To argue that there is nothing that is inherently deviant in sport in or in society is to understand deviance:

A) As a goal-oriented rational action
B) Through an objectivist lens
C) As a psychological rather than sociological phenomenon
D) Through a functionalist lens

Question 12

Your professor notes that sport is a separate social world with its own allowable rule violations. She is likely discussing this notion within a lecture on which of the following topics?

A) Objectivism
B) tolerable deviance
C) the functions of deviance
D) inherent deviance

Question 13

The fascination with so-called 'cyborg athletes' is interesting because:

A) Rarely do such athletes get labelled with accusations that they are cheating or have an unfair advantage over able-bodied athletes
B) They are often understood to be less-skilled athletes who simply buy unfair performances advantages in the form of technologies
C) Most athletes use some form of performance enhancing technology, and these athletes are considered similarly to cyborg athletes who use wheelchairs or prosthetics
D) Their bodies are scrutinized in similar ways and to a similar degree as able-bodied athletes

Question 14

The topic of _____ in sport has been, and still is, hotly contested and deeply politicized and ideological, according to the chapter on deviance in the text.

A) mandatory equipment
B) drugs
C) proper dress off the court, rink, etc.
D) public behaviour outside the game

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true with regard to ableist belief systems in society?

A) They rationale or justify the subjection of disabled people to extensive surveillance
B) They include beliefs that those with typically functioning minds and bodies are inherently and categorically more valuable than those with atypical body-minds
C) They underscore the assumption that people with atypical functioning are pathological, disabled, deviant 'others' who are fundamentally different from able-bodied counterparts
D) They advocate for people with disabilities to be accepted and understood exactly like their able-bodied counterparts

Question 16

Which of the following was NOT true of the Dubin Inquiry?

A) It revealed that Ben Johnson had used steroids
B) It was the first full-scale examination of doping in sport that looked beyond the athlete's guilt
C) It failed to acknowledge the partial responsibility for doping to athlete's coaches, trainers and other consultants
D) It revealed that the use of performance enhancing drugs was endemic in sport

Question 17

The 'supercrip' role assumed of wheelchair athletes can be harmful principally because:

A) It unfairly assumes an athlete will be good at wheelchair sports, when this might not be the case
B) It constructs a wide range of possibilities for those with disabilities, which can be overwhelming
C) It is a narrative that denies them as inspirational role models, which is insulting to their achievements
D) It is a narrative that sometimes does little to challenge and dismantle social obstacles and question disability as a form of deviance

Question 18

The interactions, negotiations, and debates among groups with different perspectives of whether a behaviour or characteristic is deviant and needs to be socially controlled are referred to in the text as the:

A) sociological imagination
B) social destruction
C) deviance delight
D) deviance dance

Question 19

The government-funded public inquiry into doping n Canadian track and field after Ben Johnson's scandal in 1988 was called the:

A) Guttman Inquiry
B) Mitchell Report
C) McLaren Report
D) Dubin Inquiry

Question 20

A good example of formal social control in sport would be:

A) a penalty for high sticking in hockey
B) fans booing the opposing team in basketball
C) a team player being told to wear a suit and tie to travel to games
D) one fan throwing their hat onto the court or ice in the middle of a game

Question 21

The most used and abused drug in sport is:

A) Alcohol
B) Steroids
C) EPO
D) HGH

Question 22

The example presented in the text about the Canadian women's hockey team during the Vancouver Olympics in 2010 demonstrates quite clearly that deviance is:

A) inherently negative
B) relative
C) sometimes positive
D) functional for sport

Question 23

The relationship between alcohol and sport is interesting to sociologists. Which of the following is NOT a reason for this?

A) Alcohol use is widespread among recreational and competitive athletes
B) Alcohol is widely understood as a performance enhancing substance
C) The alcohol industry profits heavily from sport despite the destructive abuse of alcohol in sport
D) Alcohol use is widespread in sport-related rituals, like hazing

Question 24

Performance enhancing substances are defined as:

A) only those that heighten physiological capacities
B) those drugs that aid in the reduction of anxiety and heighten physiological capacities
C) only refer to those drugs that reduce anxiety
D) any unnatural substance that positively or negatively affects an athlete's performance

Question 25

Which of the following particular field of activities are often constructed as deviant and yet heralded?

A) team sports
B) individual sports
C) risk sports
D) women's sports

Question 26

How did the Canadian women's hockey team supposedly tarnish the reputation of women's hockey at the 2010 Olympics in Vancouver?

A) Three members of the team failed a drug test.
B) One member of the team failed a sex test.
C) They disgraced themselves with unsportsmanlike conduct during the gold-medal game.
D) They were photographed drinking alcohol and smoking cigars on the ice after the game.

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT understood as a reason for why doping in sport has incited a moral panic in society?

A) It is deeply politicized and full of contradictions
B) Its use is seen as a threat to societal values and interests
C) It is a hotly contested subject
D) The mass media typically adopt of value neutral stance towards it

Question 28

A key phenomenon or issue that emerges when we stigmatize an athlete for a particular deviant act is that:

A) It rarely leads to improved behaviour
B) It leads to a spoiled identity
C) It is consistently applied to all athletes irrespective of broader gender or racial components
D) It is applied absent of media influence

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a standard argument against drug testing in sport?

A) Drug testing rarely leads to convictions against athletes who dope
B) Drug testing leads to an erosion of trust between stakeholders
C) Regulations and applications are often arbitrary and inconsistent
D) There is an oppressive level of surveillance both in and out of competition

Question 30

What do we know to be true about the issue of doping in sport?

A) The deviantization of doping is a relatively recent phenomenon
B) All artificial forms of performance enhancement are deviantized like doping
C) Doping use in sport is limited to three main drugs: steroids, EPO and human growth hormone
D) Athletes have only been doping since the 1960s