Deck 12: Eyes

Question 1

Which disease is frequently found in African Americans?

A) cataracts
B) glaucoma
C) macular degeneration
D) otosclerosis

Answer 1

glaucoma

Question 2

Which structure of the eye is an extension of the optic nerve,receiving light impulses and transmitting them to the brain?

A) cones
B) fovea centralis
C) macula
D) retina

Answer 2

retina

Question 3

A patient is complaining of a burning and gritty sensation in the eyes,with redness,itching,and crusting on the eyelids.Which question is most likely to assist in identifying the aggravating factors related to the patient's complaints?

A) "Do eyedrops help relieve your symptoms?"
B) "Do you wear eye makeup?"
C) "Do you notice a change between outdoors and indoors?"
D) "Have you noticed any change in your visual acuity?"

Answer 3

"Do you wear eye makeup?"

Question 4

To examine your patient's corneal light reflex,you would instruct the patient to look straight ahead as you focus a penlight on the patient's corneas from a distance of

A) 2-5 inches away at the midline.
B) 2-5 inches away at the midline and laterally.
C) 12-15 inches away at the midline.
D) 12-15 inches away at the midline and laterally.

Question 5

An area of depressed vision within a visual field can be caused by which of the following?

A) stroke or glaucoma
B) hyperopia
C) nutritional deficiency
D) nearsightedness

Question 6

Your examination of a patient,who states that she is not able to see as clearly in her right eye as she has in the past,should include questions about associated manifestations such as

A) decreased moisture.
B) eye pain and infection.
C) stress and lack of sleep.
D) sudden or gradual onset.

Question 7

When examining a patient's visual fields using the confrontation technique,you would move your hand into the patient's field of vision from which angles?

A) inferior and superior angles
B) inferior, nasal, temporal, superior, and oblique angles
C) nasal and temporal angles
D) oblique, inferior, and superior angles

Question 8

Which finding from an examination of the external eye,eyelids,and lacrimal apparatus is normal?

A) an area of white sclera appears between the upper lid and limbus
B) the eyelids cover the upper portion of the iris
C) both lower eyelids turn outward
D) redness is present in the temporal portion of both eyelids

Question 9

Your patient complains of painful swelling beside his nose near his right inner canthus.To examine the patient's lacrimal sac for obstruction,you should press your index finger

A) gently near the inner canthus.
B) firmly over the lacrimal gland toward the outer canthus.
C) intermittently over the punctum to express any discharge.
D) over the lacrimal sac, applying steady and firm pressure.

Question 10

The mucous membrane that covers the anterior surface of the eyeball and merges with the cornea at the limbus is called the

A) bulbar conjunctiva.
B) corneal conjunctiva.
C) palpebral conjunctiva.
D) scleral conjunctiva.

Question 11

Legal blindness is most commonly considered to be

A) blurred or double vision that cannot be corrected.
B) corrected vision that is 20/100 or worse.
C) corrected vision that is 20/200 or worse.
D) inability to perceive any light.

Question 12

The opaque material covering the structures inside the eye is called the

A) iris.
B) lens.
C) pupil.
D) sclera.

Question 13

A lesion resulting from chronic inflammation of the meibomian gland in either the upper or lower lid pointing toward the conjunctival side with no redness or tenderness is called a

A) blepharitis.
B) chalazion.
C) hordeolum.
D) xanthelasma.

Question 14

Following the general guidelines for examination of the eyes,you should

A) ask the patient to stand 6 feet from the eye chart.
B) always compare the right and left eyes.
C) turn down the room lights.
D) avoid touching the patient with an infection.

Question 15

Your patient complains of painful swelling beside her nose near her right inner canthus.You examine your patient for signs or symptoms that typically occur with obstruction of the lacrimal sac,which include which of the following?

A) edema of the left eyelid
B) entropion
C) excessive tearing of her right eye
D) uveitis

Question 16

The vascular tissue lining the inner surface of the eye beneath the retina,which provides nutrition to the retinal pigment epithelium,is the

A) aqueous humor.
B) choroid.
C) vitreous humor.
D) zonules.

Question 17

The extraocular muscle associated with cranial nerve IV is which of the following?

A) inferior rectus
B) lateral rectus
C) interior oblique
D) superior oblique

Question 18

Which component of the examination of the eye is generally performed first?

A) funduscopic exam
B) determination of visual acuity
C) palpation of lacrimal apparatus
D) retinal exam

Question 19

Which structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye?

A) ciliary body
B) lens
C) pupil
D) rod

Question 20

When examining the distance vision of a 4-year-old child,the nurse would use which of the following?

A) Ishihara plates
B) Rosenbaum card
C) Snellen chart
D) Snellen E chart

Question 21

During an examination,your patient denies pain or loss of vision when you question him about the triangular lesion on the nasal side of the bulbar conjunctiva extending over the medial portion of his cornea.This is most likely a

A) corneal ulceration.
B) hordeolum.
C) pinguecula.
D) pterygium.

Question 22

To examine the macula,the nurse should do which of the following?

A) Ask the patient to avoid looking at the light.
B) Trace an optic artery to its origin.
C) Move the ophthalmoscope about 2 disk diameters temporally.
D) Use the blue filter lens of the ophthalmoscope.

Question 23

Your patient has asymmetrical corneal light reflexes,indicating an extraocular muscle imbalance resulting in an inward turning of the patient's right eye.This finding indicates that the patient has which condition?

A) multiple sclerosis
B) myopia
C) neuropathy
D) strabismus

Question 24

Edema of the optic disk and elevation of the disc surface without loss of vision is called

A) a choked disk, or papilledema.
B) glaucoma.
C) neovascularization.
D) Roth's spots.

Question 25

You observe a nasal or inward drift of your patient's left eye during the cover/uncover test.This condition is called which of the following?

A) esophoria
B) ptosis
C) pterygium
D) exotropia

Question 26

Your patient complains of mild discomfort,photophobia,and blurred vision in her right eye,which you suspect are caused by corneal ulceration caused by the herpes simplex virus.Your suspicion is based on your findings of

A) a grayish, well-circumscribed ulcerated area on the cornea.
B) a treelike configuration on the corneal surface.
C) a 2 mm-wide hazy gray ring just inside the limbus.
D) multiple tiny fluid-filled sacs on the cornea.

Question 27

When examining your patient,who has a thiamine deficiency related to chronic alcoholism,you are most likely to observe evidence of cranial nerve (CN)involvement resulting in the inability of his eyes to move

A) downward (CN IV).
B) medially (CN III).
C) outward (CN VI).
D) upward (CN III).

Question 28

To examine for accommodation,you would first instruct the patient to look at a distant object for 30 seconds and then note the size and reaction of the pupils when you

A) ask the patient to close the eyes for 10 seconds and then look at you.
B) ask the patient to look at an object about 10 cm away.
C) shine a penlight into the patient's eyes.
D) cover first one eye and then the other.

Question 29

You note mild inflammation and injection (redness around the cornea)of your patient's conjunctiva,with the presence of follicles.This finding most likely indicates

A) allergic conjunctivitis.
B) bacterial conjunctivitis.
C) infectious pinguecula.
D) viral conjunctivitis.

Question 30

Your examination of a patient reveals bilateral dilated pupils with absent reaction to light and accommodation.These findings most likely indicate which of the following?

A) anisocoria caused by disturbance of the neurophthalmic pathways
B) Argyll Robertson pupils caused by encephalitis or brain tumor
C) increased intracranial pressure from severe head trauma
D) the effects of topical application of miotic drops

Question 31

The loss of the ability of both eyes to look to the contralateral side is called

A) internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
B) ophthalmoplegia.
C) paralysis of horizontal gaze.
D) skew deviation.

Question 32

Drusen,which are findings consistent with the normal aging process,are characterized by which of the following?

A) fluffy, white areas that are patchy in shape appearing on the retina
B) small, hard, yellow exudates with distinct borders arranged in round, linear, or star-shaped patterns
C) small white dots arranged in an irregular pattern that may become shiny with calcification
D) tiny red dots seen in peripheral and macular areas of the retina

Question 33

The sclerae of a newborn infant with osteogenesis imperfecta are typically described as

A) blue.
B) white with red streaks.
C) white with tiny brown patches.
D) yellow.

Question 34

Consensual light reflex is examined when you shine your penlight into the right eye of a patient and then note the

A) pupillary reaction in both eyes.
B) pupillary reaction in the left eye.
C) pupillary reaction in the right eye.
D) light reflected by the opaque lens.

Question 35

Which finding indicates an abnormality of the retina?

A) The optic disk is pinkish orange.
B) The ratio of the cup diameter to the entire disk is 1:5.
C) The ratio of arterial to venous width is 2:3.
D) The red reflex is present.

Question 36

You conclude that a patient has a narrowed angle on the basis of which finding?

A) a crescent-shaped shadow on the far portion of the iris
B) absence of a wedge portion of the iris
C) color of the iris distributed in a mosaic pattern
D) illumination of the entire iris

Question 37

To determine whether your patient has a narrowed angle,you shine a light obliquely through the patient's anterior chamber from the

A) lateral side toward the nasal side.
B) nasal side toward the lateral side.
C) bottom of the eye upward.
D) top of the eye downward.

Question 38

You observe that your patient's eyes move smoothly and symmetrically in each of the six fields of gaze and converge on the held object as it moves toward the nose.There are a few beats of nystagmus on extreme lateral gaze.This observation indicates which of the following?

A) early stage of paralysis of horizontal gaze
B) lesion in the brainstem or cerebellum
C) normal findings
D) weakness of the lateral rectus muscle

Question 39

Which of the following are most commonly associated with diabetes mellitus?

A) Roth's spots
B) hard exudates
C) drusen
D) diffuse preretinal hemorrhage

Question 40

A heavily pigmented,slightly elevated area visible in the iris is commonly caused by which of the following?

A) benign iris nevus
B) hyphema caused by bleeding in the iris
C) iridectomy
D) trauma to the iris during cataract surgery

Question 41

When completing a measurement of the patient's visual acuity,which of the following would be appropriate?

A) Snellen chart
B) visual field
C) penlight
D) ophthalmoscope

Question 42

Which of the following would be included in the nurse's examination of a patient's eyes? Select all that apply.

A) Use a quiet room that will be free from interruptions.
B) Ensure that the light in the room provides sufficient brightness to allow
Adequate observation of the patient.
C) Place the patient in a supine position on the examination table.
D) Visualize the underlying structures during the examination process to allow
Adequate description of findings.
E) Always compare right and left eyes.
F) Use an asystematic approach that is followed consistently each time the
Examination is performed.

Question 43

To examine the palpebral conjunctiva of the upper lid,which of the following steps would be included? Select all that apply.

A) Ask the person to keep both eyes open and look down to relax the levator muscle.
B) Gently pull the upper eyelash down.
C) Place a cotton tip applicator about 1 cm above the lid margin.
D) Gently push down with the stick as you lift the lash upward to evert the lid.
E) Inspect for color change, swelling, lesion, or foreign body.
F) Return the lid to the normal position by pulling the eyelid outward as the person looks up.
G)None of the above

Question 44

A sty is caused by a(n)

A) ptosis.
B) ingrown eyelash.
C) infected sebaceous gland.
D) loss of muscle tone in the eyelid.

Question 45

Findings consistent with macular degeneration include which of the following?

A) macular edema, cotton-wool spots, and hard yellow exudates
B) a pale retina, with the macula appearing as a cherry-red spot
C) small red spots located in and around the macula
D) small pigmented areas near the macula, with patches of retinal atrophy

Question 46

Nurses would refer patients with no risk factors for eye disease to a qualified eye specialist for a comprehensive eye examination according to which of the following guidelines? Select all that apply.

A) Under age 40 every 5 to 10 years
B) Age 40 to 54 every 2 to 4 years
C) Age 55 to 64 every 1 to 3 years
D) Age 65 to 70 every 1 to 2 years
E) Age 71 to 75 every 6 months
F) Age 76 and older every 3 months

Question 47

A patient having difficulty reading from a book at a distance of 14 inches has ____________________.

Question 48

Which of the following should the nurse include in the examination of the patient's cranial nerves and extraocular eye muscles?

A) red reflex
B) macular characteristics
C) disc characteristics
D) six cardinal fields of gaze

Question 49

The term uveitis is used to describe inflammation of which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Lens
B) Cornea
C) Retina
D) Optic nerve
E) Vitreous body
F) Uveal tract of the eye, including iris, ciliary body, and choroid

Question 50

Lacrimal glands produce ____________________.

Question 51

Failure of the levator muscle of the eyelid to develop causes ____________________.

Question 52

Bilateral protrusion of the globes seen in thyroid disease is called ____________________.

Question 53

You are caring for a patient with herpes zoster.Your recognize that this disease is one of the infections that may affect which of the following cranial nerves? Select all that apply.

A) CN I
B) CN II
C) CN III
D) CN IV
E) CN V
F) CN VI