Deck 2: The Bodys Physical Systems

Question 1

The thalamus is the maturation site for white blood (T) cells.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The thalamus is known as the chief relay station in the brain because it directs sensory information to various parts of the brain and motor information to the skeletal muscles.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Match one of the following with the descriptions given in question
Produce lymphokines, which stimulates other T cells to grow.

A)killer T cells
B)memory T cells
C)delayed-hypersensitivity T cells
D)helper T cells
E)suppressor T cells

Answer 3

delayed-hypersensitivity T cells

Question 4

Match one of the following with the descriptions given in question
Directly attack cancerous cells, transplanted tissue and cells invaded by
antigens.

A)killer T cells
B)memory T cells
C)delayed-hypersensitivity T cells
D)helper T cells
E)suppressor T cells

Question 5

Damage to the myelin sheath tends to produce little noticeable effect in motor functioning.

Question 6

Insufficient production of insulin results in diabetes mellitus.

Question 7

Match one of the following with descriptions given in question
Serves as the chief relay station for sensory messages coming in and for
motor commands out to the skeletal muscles

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)occipital lobe
E)thalamus

Question 8

Match one of the following with descriptions given in question
The primary visual cortex

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)occipital lobe
E)thalamus

Question 9

Match one of the following with the descriptions given in question
Report invasions and stimulate lymphocyte production in the spleen and
lymph nodes.

A)killer T cells
B)memory T cells
C)delayed-hypersensitivity T cells
D)helper T cells
E)suppressor T cells

Question 10

The basal metabolic rate is the number of calories burned when our bodies are at rest and is higher in males than females.

Question 11

Match one of the following with descriptions given in question
Involved in hearing and memory

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)occipital lobe
E)thalamus

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a part of a neuron

A) axon
B) dendrite
C) synaptic knob
D) septum

Question 13

The transmission of messages through the axon ordinarily follows the order from axon, to cell body, to dendrite.

Question 14

In the digestive system, enzymes are active only in the small intestine.

Question 15

Match one of the following with descriptions given in question
Involved in body sensations such as of pain, cold, heat, and touch

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)occipital lobe
E)thalamus

Question 16

Blood pressure is a phenomenon that results from the fact that the circulatory system is a closed system.

Question 17

Match one of the following with the descriptions given in question
Operate to slow down or stop immunity processes.

A)killer T cells
B)memory T cells
C)delayed-hypersensitivity T cells
D)helper T cells
E)suppressor T cells

Question 18

The chemical processes in metabolism require oxygen.

Question 19

Organ transplants fail because the immune system identifies the transplanted tissue as an antigen.

Question 20

Match one of the following with descriptions given in question
Contains the motor cortex

A)frontal lobe
B)temporal lobe
C)parietal lobe
D)occipital lobe
E)thalamus

Question 21

Teddy is afraid of needles and injections. Whenever the nurse attempts to give him an injection, he screams and flails his arms and legs wildly. His
Heart rate increases, and he begins to sweat profusely, which indicates
Activation of the

A) cerebral cortex.
B) sympathetic nervous system.
C) parasympathetic nervous system.
D) pituitary gland.

Question 22

Chronic poor nutrition early in life does which of the following

A) It has little to no long-lasting effects on motor and intellectual performance.
B) It results in impaired development of myelin, glial cells, and dendrites.
C) It affects adult brain deterioration but not childhood motor and mental functioning.
D) It affects only motor functioning in young children.

Question 23

The "master gland" of the endocrine system, the pituitary gland:

A) controls the secretion of other glands.
B) releases hormones into the blood.
C) releases ACTH, which affects emergency reactions.
D) all of the above

Question 24

Results of studies on biofeedback treatment for paralysis due to stroke indicate

A) psychotherapy is a more effective intervention than biofeedback.
B) biofeedback works only if conducted daily.
C) as few as two biofeedback sessions per week improved muscle function in a 6 week trial.
D) surgery combined with biofeedback is necessary for successful treatment.

Question 25

Specialized nerve cells called _____ are responsible for communication in the nervous system.

A) neurons
B) glial cells
C) transmitter cells
D) C cells

Question 26

Which pituitary hormone is released during an emergency

A) ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
B) cortisol
C) epinephrine
D) norepinephrine

Question 27

Marty's neurologist suspects his obesity might be due to damage in his brain. Which structure does he suspect is damaged

A) parietal lobe
B) thalamus
C) hypothalamus
D) brain stem

Question 28

The endocrine system is to _____ communication as the nervous system is to _____ communication.

A) chemical; mechanical
B) cellular; systemic
C) chemical; electrochemical
D) local; global

Question 29

Dwarfism and intellectual deficiency are often the result of

A) hypothyroidism.
B) high levels of cortisol in the blood.
C) a diseased pancreas.
D) excessive secretion of adrenal hormones.

Question 30

The neurological disease called multiple sclerosis

A) results from the deterioration of the myelin sheath.
B) produces a lack of motor coordination.
C) is caused by neural tangles.
D) both a and b

Question 31

Alice, a childhood victim of polio, requires an artificial breathing device due to damage to her _____.

A) pons
B) medulla
C) hypothalamus
D) midbrain

Question 32

When you leap out of the path of a speeding car, the adrenal hormone _________ is released, causing an increase in respiration and heart rate.

A) insulin
B) ACTH
C) epinephrine
D) thyroxine

Question 33

Which of the following occurs to the brain as we age

A) New neurons continue to form.
B) Glial cells increase in number.
C) Myelination increases.
D) both b and c

Question 34

The _______________ nervous system controls the activities of the visceral organs under normal conditions; the __________________nervous system mobilizes the
Body in response to stress.

A) parasympathetic; sympathetic
B) sympathetic; parasympathetic
C) somatic; autonomic
D) autonomic; somatic

Question 35

Following a sharp blow to the back of her head, Shelley developed partial blindness. Which part of her brain was most likely injured

A) cerebellum
B) frontal lobe
C) parietal lobe
D) occipital lobe

Question 36

Parkinson's disease is associated with which of the body's physical systems

A) endocrine system
B) immune system
C) cardiovascular system
D) respiratory system
E) central nervous system

Question 37

Michael J. Fox and Mohammed Ali are two famous persons with Parkinson's disease. They very likely experience _____ due to damage to
Their _____.

A) seizures; reticular system
B) trouble breathing; medulla
C) ataxia; cerebellum
D) tremors; midbrain

Question 38

Which of the statements below accurately describes the roles of the right and left hemispheres of the brain in most people

A) They perform essentially the same functions.
B) The left hemisphere controls vision and the right hemisphere controls body balance.
C) The left hemisphere controls language whereas the right controls emotions.
D) In adults the functions of each hemisphere are interchangeable.

Question 39

This bodily system is responsible for interpreting incoming sensory information, then sending out instructions on how the body should react:

A) Renal system
B) Cardiovascular system
C) Endocrine system
D) Central Nervous system
E) Digestive system

Question 40

Chemical messengers called neurotransmitters

A) transmit messages along the axon.
B) may inhibit, but not excite a neuron.
C) may either inhibit or excite a neuron.
D) are found only in the dendrite.

Question 41

Select the correct sequence of the passage of air in the respiratory system.

A) trachea, bronchial tubes, bronchioles, alveoli
B) trachea, bronchial tubes, alveoli, bronchioles
C) trachea, bronchioles, bronchial tubes, alveoli
D) bronchial tubes, trachea, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 42

The major gastric juices produced in the stomach are

A) pepto and bismol.
B) hydrochloric acid and peristalase.
C) hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
D) insulin and bile.

Question 43

Lower basal metabolic rates are associated with

A) males more than females.
B) those who live in cold climates.
C) individuals under stress.
D) increasing age.

Question 44

Research on sex differences in the organ systems and glands indicates that

A) differences between males and females are learned and not physiological.
B) females do not exhibit the symptoms of Graves' disease.
C) males actually secrete more hormones under stress than females do.
D) there are no statistically significant differences in these systems.

Question 45

The oxygenation of blood takes place in the

A) atriums
B) ventricles
C) lungs
D) aorta

Question 46

Most of the ingested substances our bodies use are absorbed into the bloodstream through the lining of the

A) colon.
B) stomach.
C) esophagus.
D) small intestine.

Question 47

The act of breathing (respiration) does which of the following

A) Supplies the body with oxygen.
B) Supplies a necessary component for metabolism.
C) Helps us get rid of a specific waste product.
D) all of the above

Question 48

In the small intestine, which does NOT occur

A) The food mixture becomes alkaline.
B) Enzymes are received from the pancreas.
C) Most ingested materials the body uses are absorbed into the bloodstream.
D) Storage of feces takes place.

Question 49

Which of the following diseases of the liver is not transmitted by sexual contact

A) hepatitis A
B) hepatitis B
C) hepatitis C
D) All the above diseases are transmitted by sexual contact.

Question 50

Which bodily organs cleanse the blood of impurities

A) kidneys and liver
B) liver and gall bladder
C) gall bladder and lungs
D) right atrium and right ventricle

Question 51

Which of the following is not a disease or disorder of the respiratory system

A) cystic fibrosis
B) hypertension
C) pneumoconiosis
D) asthma

Question 52

Which of the following is not typically a disease of the liver

A) ulcers
B) cirrhosis
C) hepatitis
D) anemia

Question 53

The actual digestive process begins in the

A) liver.
B) esophagus with the secretion of certain enzymes.
C) duodenum.
D) mouth.

Question 54

Breathing rate is controlled by the

A) lungs.
B) medulla.
C) bronchioles.
D) hypothalamus.

Question 55

Serum hepatitis, or hepatitis B, is often transmitted through

A) stress or poor diet.
B) transfusion of infected blood or using contaminated needles.
C) handling or eating contaminated food.
D) kissing and fondling.

Question 56

Which bodily action(s) do not serve to protect the respiratory system

A) sneezing
B) hiccuping
C) coughing
D) mucociliary escalation and swallowing

Question 57

The basal metabolic rate is

A) not affected by the size of the body.
B) exactly the same regardless of gender.
C) constant across the life span.
D) none of the above

Question 58

A co worker has recently behaved in a restless and irritable manner and seems confused. A possible physical cause for such behaviour is

A) a diseased thymus gland.
B) excessive thyroid secretion.
C) too little thyroid secretion.
D) none of the above

Question 59

Bearing in mind the factors that affect metabolism, the best advice for an individual desiring to lose weight would be

A) to eat more food so as to stimulate your digestive system and therefore increase your BMR.
B) eat less.
C) exercise more to raise metabolism above basal rate.
D) both b and c.

Question 60

Taking into account the laws of fluid dynamics, which of the conditions below would not typically result in increased blood pressure

A) decreasing blood vessel elasticity
B) thinner blood vessels
C) thinner blood
D) all of these would result in increased blood pressure

Question 61

Which of the following statements about red blood cells is not true

A) They are formed in the bone marrow.
B) Their primary function is to fight infection.
C) They are carriers of hemoglobin.
D) They live for about 3 months.

Question 62

After a recent physical, your physician tells you that your blood pressure is 120/80. You are

A) hypertensive.
B) normotensive (normal).
C) hypotensive.
D) just nervous because you're at the doctor's office.

Question 63

The key distinction between phagocytes and lymphocytes is

A) phagocytes are involved in nonspecific immunity and lymphocytes in specific immunity.
B) phagocytes are red blood cells.
C) lymphocytes do not attack specific antigens.
D) phagocytes cannot be replenished.

Question 64

Which of the following are not antigens

A) viruses
B) bacteria
C) leukocytes
D) protozoa

Question 65

Discuss the issue of individual variability in internal systems between people. Provide evidence to support your answer.

Question 66

The "t" in T cells refers to their site of maturation, the ______.

A) thymus
B) thyroid
C) tongue
D) tonsils

Question 67

Compare and contrast the communication systems in the endocrine system versus the nervous system.

Question 68

One of your body's first lines of defense against infection is

A) good hygiene.
B) antiseptics.
C) antibiotics.
D) your skin.

Question 69

The "home base" organ for white blood cells is the

A) lymph nodes.
B) heart.
C) spleen.
D) thymus.

Question 70

Which of the following is not a risk factor for hypertension

A) race
B) gender
C) age
D) all of these are risk factors

Question 71

The most abundant lipid in the body is a material formed of glycerol and fatty acid called

A) triglyceride.
B) cholesterol.
C) thrombosis.
D) glycid.

Question 72

John stepped on a nail a few days ago and has developed a bacterial infection that his immune system is fighting. The bacteria in his body that triggered an
Immune response are called

A) allergens.
B) enzymes.
C) white blood cells.
D) antigens.

Question 73

Studies have shown immunosuppression in which of the following conditions

A) Following stressful final exams.
B) Immediately after the death of a spouse.
C) Among women unsatisfied in their marriage.
D) all of the above

Question 74

Which of the following is true regarding leukocytes

A) They contain hemoglobin.
B) They assist in the clotting process.
C) Their primary function is to help fight infection.
D) They are actually red blood cells damaged by anemia.

Question 75

Macrophages and neutrophils are

A) specialized T cells.
B) involved in cell-mediated immunity.
C) lymphocytes.
D) involved in non-specific immunity.

Question 76

Which of the following results in an immediate decrease in blood pressure

A) exercise
B) standing up quickly
C) cold weather
D) emotional arousal

Question 77

Kiecolt Glaser and her colleagues found that killer T cell activity

A) was unrelated to stress.
B) was directly related to the presence of antigens.
C) was low in highly stressed individuals.
D) was higher in highly stressed individuals.

Question 78

Which of the following statements regarding AIDS is not true

A) It does not kill directly.
B) Although millions of people have the disease worldwide, most of the deaths have occurred in North America.
C) It is caused by a virus.
D) It affects T cells.

Question 79

Evidence indicates that stress and illness are related because stress

A) suppresses the respiratory system.
B) suppresses the immune system.
C) leads to increased damage to the hypothalamus.
D) increases our basal metabolism rate which makes us age faster.

Question 80

Antibody-mediated immunity differs from cell mediated immunity

A) in no significant way.
B) because of its use of T cells.
C) because antibody-mediated immunity attacks antibodies within the body's cells.
D) because antibody-mediated immunity attacks antigens in bodily fluids rather than infected body cells.