Deck 13: Brain and Cranial Nerves

Question 1

The cerebrum develops from the embryonic region called the

A) telencephalon.
B) mesencephalon.
C) diencephalon.
D) metencephalon.
E) rhombencephalon.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What structures are formed from neural crest cells?

A) sensory, autonomic, and enteric neurons
B) pigmented body cells
C) adrenal medulla
D) facial bones
E) All of the choices form from neural crest cells

Answer 2

E

Question 3

From which embryonic brain region does the medulla oblongata form?

A) telencephalon
B) diencephalon
C) mesencephalon
D) metencephalon
E) myelencephalon

Answer 3

E

Question 4

From which germ layer does the nervous system form?

A) endoderm
B) mesoderm
C) exoderm
D) ectoderm

Question 5

In the CNS, clusters of gray matter containing cell bodies are called

A) nuclei.
B) pyramids.
C) tracts.
D) peduncles.
E) ganglia.

Question 6

Which portion of the brainstem is continuous with the spinal cord?

A) medulla oblongata
B) midbrain
C) pons
D) thalamus
E) cerebral peduncles

Question 7

Consider the following five terms and determine which does not belong.

A) medulla oblongata
B) pons
C) cardiac center
D) pyramids
E) olives

Question 8

A small lesion in the brainstem which resulted in a rapid heart rate, intense vasoconstriction, and elevated blood pressure would probably be located in the

A) medulla oblongata.
B) pons.
C) cerebellum.
D) hypothalamus.
E) cerebrum.

Question 9

Which of the following terms does NOT belong with the others?

A) medulla oblongata
B) midbrain
C) pons
D) thalamus
E) reticular formation

Question 10

Which of the following is correctly associated with the medulla oblongata?

A) It gives rise to conscious thoughts.
B) It contains nuclei for regulation of heart rate and blood vessel diameter.
C) It contains enlargements called cerebral peduncles.
D) It is the most superior portion of the brainstem.
E) It relays sensory information.

Question 11

The pyramids of the medulla contain

A) ascending motor tracts.
B) descending motor tracts.
C) ascending sensory tracts.
D) descending sensory tracts.
E) None of these choices are correct.

Question 12

The nucleus for the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is located in the

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) mesencephalon.
D) cerebrum.
E) cerebellum.

Question 13

A patient with a traumatic head injury may exhibit vomiting as a result of irritation of nuclei in the

A) pons.
B) cerebellum.
C) medulla oblongata.
D) corpora quadrigemina.
E) midbrain.

Question 14

From which embryonic brain region does the cerebellum form?

A) telencephalon
B) diencephalon
C) mesencephalon
D) metencephalon
E) myelencephalon

Question 15

Walking a tightrope would activate what portion(s) of the medulla?

A) the pyramids
B) the superior colliculi
C) the olives
D) the pyramids and the superior colliculi
E) the pyramids and the olives

Question 16

The fact that the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body is explained by the

A) division of the cerebrum into two hemispheres.
B) division of the cerebellum into two hemispheres.
C) decussation of the pyramids in the medulla.
D) need for contra-lateral control of body function.
E) brainstem being below the midbrain.

Question 17

The part of the brain that connects the medulla to the midbrain is the

A) cerebral peduncle.
B) pons.
C) cerebellum.
D) thalamus.
E) hypothalamus.

Question 18

What do the cavities of the neural tube become in the adult brain?

A) subarachnoid space
B) ventricles
C) auricles
D) coelom

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning the brainstem is true?

A) The brainstem consists of the medulla, pons, and cerebellum.
B) The brainstem is responsible for higher level thinking skills.
C) Damage to the brainstem is usually fatal.
D) All twelve cranial nerves enter or exit from the brainstem.
E) The brainstem is a relay for sensory input.

Question 20

The central nervous system develops from a flat mass of tissue called the neural

A) groove.
B) tube.
C) plate.
D) crest.
E) fold.

Question 21

The inferior colliculi

A) are an integral part of the cerebrum.
B) are involved with auditory pathways in the CNS.
C) interconnect directly with the eye.
D) are a major CNS motor neurotransmitter group.
E) are located in the pons.

Question 22

Which of the following activities would stimulate the reticular formation?

A) a warm bath
B) a clock radio coming on in the morning
C) a long lecture in a darkened auditorium
D) eating a big meal
E) getting a back rub

Question 23

What is the role of the red nuclei?

A) responding to loud noises and bright lights
B) part of the auditory pathways in the CNS
C) carries sensory information to the brain
D) unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities

Question 24

The reticular formation

A) is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the cerebellum.
B) coordinates fine motor movements.
C) is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the brain stem.
D) is responsible for pain interpretation.
E) is composed of nuclei scattered throughout the cerebrum.

Question 25

The sleep/wake cycle is influenced by the

A) basal nuclei.
B) reticular formation.
C) vermis.
D) thalamic nuclei.
E) cerebellum.

Question 26

The superior colliculi receive input from the

A) eyes, skin, cerebrum and inferior colliculi.
B) inferior colliculi, pyramids, skin and red nucleus.
C) skin, ears, pyramids and cerebellum.
D) cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus and inferior colliculi.
E) nose, tongue and inner ear.

Question 27

What part of the midbrain carries sensory tracts from the spinal cord?

A) tectum
B) cerebral peduncles
C) tegmentum
D) red nucleus

Question 28

When you walk up behind someone and tap their right shoulder, they will reflexively

A) raise their arms.
B) hit you.
C) turn their head toward the left.
D) sneeze.
E) turn their head toward the right.

Question 29

The nuclei of cranial nerves III, IV, and V are located in the

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) midbrain.
D) diencephalon.
E) cerebellum.

Question 30

A lesion in the cerebral peduncles might affect

A) hearing.
B) movement.
C) sight.
D) heart rate.
E) taste.

Question 31

The white matter of the cerebellum forms a branching network known as the

A) folia.
B) superior peduncle.
C) arbor vitae.
D) tentorium cerebelli.
E) vermis.

Question 32

Which two portions of the brain are involved in controlling respiration?

A) pons, hypothalamus
B) cerebrum, hypothalamus
C) pons, medulla oblongata
D) medulla oblongata, cerebral peduncles
E) pons, thalamus

Question 33

The cerebellum communicates with other parts of the CNS by means of nerve tracts called the

A) vermis.
B) flocculonodular pathways.
C) cerebellar peduncles.
D) arbor vitae.
E) folia.

Question 34

During an autopsy the brainstem was separated from the rest of the brain by a cut between the

A) medulla and pons.
B) pons and midbrain.
C) midbrain and diencephalon.
D) thalamus and cerebrum.
E) medulla and the spinal cord.

Question 35

Damage to pontine nuclei might affect

A) vision.
B) talking.
C) blood pressure.
D) respiration.
E) heart rate.

Question 36

The superior and inferior colliculi are located in which of the following portions of the midbrain?

A) tegmentum (floor)
B) cerebral peduncles
C) substantia nigra
D) red nucleus
E) tectum (roof)

Question 37

The substantia nigra interconnects with the

A) basal nuclei.
B) tegmentum.
C) red nuclei.
D) reticular nuclei.
E) tectum.

Question 38

Which area of the brain contains areas that initiates REM sleep?

A) medulla oblongata
B) pons
C) thalamus
D) midbrain
E) diencephalon

Question 39

The portion of the cerebellum that is involved in balance and eye movements is the

A) vermis.
B) flocculonodular lobe.
C) cerebellar peduncles.
D) arbor vitae.
E) lateral hemisphere.

Question 40

A bird hits the windshield of your car, and you reflexively duck and close your eyes. Which of the following is responsible for this action?

A) medulla
B) superior colliculi
C) reticular formation
D) thalamus
E) cerebellum

Question 41

A person with a lesion in the brain exhibited the following manifestations: normal tension in skeletal muscle, disturbed fine motor control, exhibited tremors when reaching for objects. What part of the brain is most likely damaged?

A) the prefrontal lobe
B) the frontal lobe
C) the basal ganglia
D) the pyramids
E) the cerebellum

Question 42

Injury to the thalamus would

A) cause us to stop breathing.
B) affect body temperature regulation.
C) affect pH regulation.
D) prevent puberty.
E) affect sensory projection to the cerebral cortex.

Question 43

The stalk that connects the hypothalamus to the hypophysis (or pituitary gland) is the

A) corpus callosum.
B) infundibulum.
C) insula.
D) intermediate mass.
E) arbor vitae.

Question 44

Smooth, flowing movements are the result of fine motor coordination in the

A) anterior vermis.
B) cerebellar peduncles.
C) lateral cerebellar hemispheres.
D) flocculonodular lobe.
E) arbor vitae.

Question 45

Anna has an eating disorder along with intense thirst and wildly varying body temperatures, which means she may have a dysfunction of the

A) pons.
B) medulla.
C) thalamus.
D) hypothalamus.
E) brainstem.

Question 46

Which of the following is mismatched?

A) lateral geniculate nucleus - visual impulses
B) medial geniculate nucleus - auditory impulses
C) ventral posterior nucleus - sensory impulses
D) dorsal tier of nuclei - taste impulses
E) ventral lateral nuclei - motor functions

Question 47

Thirteen year-old Austin exhibits retarded growth, reduced metabolism, lack of normal reproductive gland development, inability to regulate water intake or water elimination from the body, and an uncontrolled appetite. What part of Austin's brain is most likely involved?

A) reticular formation
B) primary sensory cortex
C) medulla oblongata
D) thalamus
E) hypothalamus

Question 48

Afferent fibers terminating in the hypothalamus provide input from the

A) visceral organs.
B) taste receptors of the tongue.
C) limbic system.
D) the prefrontal cortex of the cerebrum.
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 49

Which of the following is false?

A) The thalamus projects sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
B) The subthalamic nuclei are associated with the basal nuclei.
C) The thalamus controls many endocrine functions.
D) The pineal body may play a role in controlling the onset of puberty.
E) The third ventricle separates the two large portions of the thalamus.

Question 50

Most sensory input that ascends through the spinal cord and brainstem projects to the

A) pineal gland.
B) hypothalamus.
C) thalamus.
D) mammillary bodies.
E) subthalamus.

Question 51

The habenular nuclei and pineal body are both found in the

A) thalamus.
B) epithalamus.
C) hypothalamus.
D) subthalamus.
E) hyperthalamus.

Question 52

The interthalamic adhesion connects the two portions of the

A) thalamus.
B) epithalamus.
C) hypothalamus.
D) subthalamus.
E) corpus callosum.

Question 53

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

A) initiates voluntary movements
B) involved in psychosomatic illnesses
C) control of balance
D) unconscious swinging of the arms while walking
E) perception of sensation

Question 54

Which of the following feelings is NOT related to hypothalamic function?

A) fear of the unknown
B) sexual pleasure
C) feeling satiated after a meal
D) feeling rested after flying to England
E) road rage

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cerebellum?

A) coordinate control of voluntary movements
B) help in the maintenance of muscle tone
C) control the heart rate
D) control skeletal muscles to maintain balance
E) control of posture, locomotion, and fine motor coordination.

Question 56

The mammillary bodies

A) influence breast milk production.
B) produce reproductive hormones.
C) are involved in emotional responses to odors.
D) are found in the thalamus.
E) influence the onset of puberty.

Question 57

Ridges of the cerebellar cortex are called

A) arbor vitae.
B) cerebellar peduncles.
C) the vermis.
D) folia.

Question 58

Arrange the following in order from the diencephalon downward. (1) spinal cord
(2) midbrain
(3) medulla
(4) pons

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 2, 4, 3, 1
C) 3, 2, 4, 1
D) 4, 2, 3, 1
E) 4, 1, 3, 2

Question 59

Which of the following brain areas serves as the major control center of the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system?

A) hypothalamus
B) midbrain
C) pons
D) thalamus
E) brainstem

Question 60

The "thermostat" or nucleus that monitors blood temperature is located in the

A) hypothalamus.
B) midbrain.
C) pons.
D) thalamus.
E) brainstem.

Question 61

Which of the following basal nuclei is located in the cerebrum?

A) subthalamic nucleus
B) red nucleus
C) caudate nucleus
D) substantia nigra
E) habenular nuclei

Question 62

The lateral fissure separates the _____ from the rest of the cerebrum.

A) frontal lobe
B) parietal lobe
C) occipital lobe
D) temporal lobe
E) cerebellum

Question 63

Which of the following activities is NOT associated with the cerebrum?

A) interpreting smell and taste
B) controlling the autonomic nervous system
C) initiating voluntary movements
D) making moral judgments
E) writing poetry

Question 64

What type of white fibers connect areas of the cerebral cortex in the same hemisphere?

A) basal fibers
B) commissural fibers
C) projection fibers
D) association fibers

Question 65

The primary somatic sensory or general sensory area is located in

A) the postcentral gyrus.
B) the precentral gyrus.
C) the prefrontal gyrus.
D) Wernicke's gyrus.
E) the prefrontal cortex.

Question 66

The pineal body

A) connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
B) modifies mood.
C) causes hot and cold flashes.
D) appears to play a role in controlling the onset of puberty.
E) plays a role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 67

Lesions of the basal nuclei could cause

A) loss of memory.
B) uncontrolled rage.
C) fluent but circular speech.
D) a slight shaking of the hands or head.
E) loss of smell.

Question 68

The cerebral medulla

A) has the same function as the medulla oblongata.
B) is the gray matter on the cerebrum's surface.
C) consists of many nerve tracts of white matter beneath the cerebral cortex.
D) is another name for the basal nuclei.
E) is the outer layer of the cerebrum.

Question 69

The gray matter on the outer surface of the cerebrum is called the

A) cortex.
B) pia mater.
C) reticular formation.
D) arbor vitae.
E) cerebral medulla.

Question 70

If an animal has had its cerebrum removed, it cannot

A) see.
B) live.
C) breathe.
D) regulate body temperature.
E) regulate heart rate.

Question 71

What is the large C-shaped mass of white matter that consists of nerve fibers that connect the two cerebral hemispheres?

A) corpus callosum
B) infundibulum
C) intermediate mass
D) vermis
E) gyrus

Question 72

The corpus callosum

A) consists of a broad band of gray matter.
B) is found at the base of the transverse fissure.
C) is a band of commissural fibers that connects the right cerebral hemisphere to the left cerebral hemisphere.
D) connects the frontal lobe to the occipital lobe.
E) connects the frontal lobe to the parietal lobe.

Question 73

Which of the following is not a lobe of the cerebrum?

A) parietal
B) frontal
C) occipital
D) sphenoidal
E) temporal

Question 74

During brain surgery, the superior portion of the postcentral gyrus of a patient is stimulated. What do you expect the patient to do?

A) Flex his fingers.
B) Talk to the surgeon.
C) Smile.
D) Feel pressure on his toes.
E) Move his hand.

Question 75

The central sulcus separates the

A) two parietal lobes.
B) frontal and parietal lobes.
C) occipital and temporal lobes.
D) temporal and frontal lobes.
E) parietal and occipital lobes.

Question 76

Projection fibers will connect

A) the cerebrum to other parts of the brain and the spinal cord.
B) one cerebral hemisphere to the other hemisphere.
C) parts of the same hemisphere.
D) motor and sensory areas of the cerebral cortex.

Question 77

Tracts of white matter that connect the right and left hemispheres are composed of

A) decussation fibers.
B) association fibers.
C) commissural fibers.
D) projection fibers.
E) pyramidal fibers.

Question 78

Association fibers connect

A) the cerebrum with the spinal cord.
B) one cerebral hemisphere to another.
C) areas of the cerebral cortex within the same hemisphere.
D) areas of the cerebral cortex with areas of the midbrain.
E) areas of the cerebral cortex with areas of the spinal cord.

Question 79

The cerebral gyri increase

A) memory assimilation time.
B) the surface area of the cortex.
C) the size of the thalamic nuclei.
D) speech ability.
E) volume of the brain.

Question 80

The corpus striatum is composed of the

A) subthalamic and red nuclei.
B) lentiform and caudate nuclei.
C) caudate nucleus and substantia nigra.
D) substantia nigra and hippocampus.
E) subthalamic nuclei and pineal body.