Deck 14: Treating Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Psychodynamic therapy involves:

A)the use of drugs and medical procedures
B)considering the past experiences of the person who is in treatment
C)behavior modification techniques
D)an attempt to challenge the patient's current thinking patterns

Answer 1

considering the past experiences of the person who is in treatment

Question 2

Which type of therapy is correctly matched with the general treatment approach it exemplifies

A)cognitive-behavioral therapy - social approach
B)electroconvulsive therapy - biomedical approach
C)psychoanalysis - biomedical approach
D)community outreach - psychological approach

Answer 2

electroconvulsive therapy - biomedical approach

Question 3

Which of the following approaches might be used in psychoanalysis

A)Dream analysis
B)Free association
C)Consideration of past experiences
D)All of the above might be used in psychoanalysis.

Answer 3

All of the above might be used in psychoanalysis.

Question 4

Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapy

A)Psychoanalysis is related to psychodynamic therapy.
B)Psychodynamic therapy and psychoanalysis are opposing forms of treatment.
C)Psychoanalysis is a synonym for psychodynamic therapy.
D)Psychodynamic therapy is just one form of psychoanalysis.

Question 5

Cognitive-behavioral therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A)A social-cultural approach
B)A biomedical approach
C)A psychological approach
D)A Freudian approach

Question 6

Peyton is completing an interview with a psychotherapist; she also has an appointment to see a physician. Peyton is best described as undergoing:

A)treatment
B)empirical evaluation
C)outcome analysis
D)assessment

Question 7

Which of the following professionals has an MD

A)a psychiatrist
B)a clinical psychologist
C)a psychiatric nurse
D)a social worker

Question 8

Which alternative best expresses the relationship between psychotherapy and psychoanalysis

A)Psychotherapy is one type of psychoanalysis.
B)Psychoanalysis is the most common type of psychotherapy.
C)Psychotherapy is the same thing as psychoanalysis.
D)Psychoanalysis is one type of psychotherapy.

Question 9

Electroconvulsive therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A)A social-cultural approach
B)A biomedical approach
C)A psychological approach
D)A Freudian approach

Question 10

Which therapist is correctly labeled with the treatment approach she seems to reflect

A)Dr.Coates primarily prescribes psychotropic drugs-biomedical
B)Dr.Donnelly encourages the development of more realistic thought processes in his clients-psychological
C)Dr.Pugliese tries to shape new, more adaptive behaviors in his clients-social
D)Only A and B are correctly matched

Question 11

In psychodynamic theory, the firewalls and encryptions that make it

A)resistance processes
B)neurotic impulses
C)defense mechanisms
D)transference complexes

Question 12

Dr. Chu has a Ph.D. in clinical psychology. Dr. DeSouza is a psychiatrist with an M.D. Mr. Faraday has an RN. Ms. Ebrahim has a Master's degree in social work, an M.S.W. Which of these individuals might provide psychological therapy

A)Dr.Chu only
B)Dr.DeSouza only
C)Dr.Chu and Dr.DeSouza
D)Any of these individuals might provide psychotherapy.

Question 13

Dr. Berger is conducting a scientific study comparing clients receiving cognitive-behavioral therapy to those receiving psychodynamic therapy. Dr. Berger is undertaking a(n) _________ study.

A)outcome
B)assessment
C)effectiveness
D)diagnostic

Question 14

Family therapy is which type of approach to treatment

A)A social-cultural approach
B)A biomedical approach
C)A psychological approach
D)A Freudian approach

Question 15

After telling his psychoanalyst about his relationship with his ex-wife for a few minutes, Jerome suddenly becomes upset and changes the subject. Jerome is exhibiting:

A)resistance
B)transference
C)a latent conflict
D)the Oedipus complex

Question 16

Which alternative best captures the typical sequence of steps in psychological treatment, from first to last

A)treatment $\rightarrow$ diagnosis $\rightarrow$ assessment
B)diagnosis $\rightarrow$ treatment $\rightarrow$ assessment
C)assessment $\rightarrow$ diagnosis $\rightarrow$ treatment
D)assessment $\rightarrow$ treatment $\rightarrow$ diagnosis

Question 17

Dr. Andersen attempts to bring about personal growth by using communication to develop insight. Dr. Bradley attempts to improve psychological functioning through the use of medication. Dr. Andersen practices _________; Dr. Bradley, ___________.

A)psychotherapy; psychoanalysis
B)psychotherapy; biomedical therapy
C)psychoanalysis; biotherapy
D)psychotherapy; gene therapy

Question 18

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of resistance

A)The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B)An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C)The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D)The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 19

Which type of psychotherapy places the greatest emphasis on early childhood and internal emotions and drives

A)psychodynamic therapy
B)cognitive therapy
C)humanistic therapy
D)eclectic therapy

Question 20

Rachel's therapist is encouraging her to gain insight into inner conflicts of which she is only dimly conscious. Rachel is undergoing:

A)psychodynamic therapy
B)psychoanalysis
C)psychotherapy
D)A, B, or C

Question 21

Martina is becoming interested in behavioral therapy. To help her learn more about it, she might want to read the classic works of:

A)Freud and the neo-Freudians
B)Maslow and Rogers
C)Skinner and Watson
D)Charles Darwin

Question 22

Which of the following procedures are used in aversion therapy

A)The client reconsiders his or her past experiences.
B)Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking stimulus is paired with relaxation.
C)An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D)Computer-generated, lifelike images are often used

Question 23

A hierarchy of fears may be used in:

A)cognitive therapy
B)systematic desensitization
C)flooding
D)humanistic therapy

Question 24

In one application of aversive conditioning, alcohol is paired with a drug that induces vomiting. Which of the following alternatives CORRECTLY applies classical conditioning terminology to this situation

A)Alcohol becomes a CS associated with vomiting.
B)Alcohol is a US for vomiting.
C)The drug with which alcohol is paired is a US.
D)both A and C

Question 25

Which of the following procedures are used in systematic desensitization

A)The object of the phobia is removed from the situation.
B)The client is helped to identify incorrect or distorted beliefs.
C)The client images the feared object while trying to relax.
D)The client reconsiders his or her past experiences.

Question 26

Which of the following terms most nearly captures the essence of unconditional positive regard

A)approving
B)accepting
C)probing
D)challenging

Question 27

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of free association

A)The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B)An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C)The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D)The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 28

A client with social anxiety watches a film in which an individual greets strangers in a crowded room, makes small talk, and smiles pleasantly. The individual in the film appears to gain pleasure from these activities. The behavior therapy technique used in this scenario is:

A)exposure therapy
B)flooding
C)observational learning
D)aversion therapy

Question 29

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of a defense mechanism

A)The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B)An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C)The methods used by the patient to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D)The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 30

Recall the terminology of classical conditioning. In systematic desensitization, relaxation is best seen as a:

A)CS
B)CR
C)US
D)UR

Question 31

Person-centered therapy is a specific type of ________ therapy. It is associated with _________.

A)psychodynamic; Aaron Beck
B)psychodynamic; Carl Rogers
C)humanistic; Aaron Beck
D)humanistic; Carl Rogers

Question 32

According to a behavior therapist, how might psychological disorders be treated most effectively

A)The client should learn new behaviors.
B)Maladaptive thought patterns should be challenged or changed.
C)Unconscious conflicts should be brought to light.
D)Neurotransmitter irregularities should be rectified through drugs.

Question 33

In psychodynamic therapy, what is transference

A)the transfer of a learned response from one task to another similar task
B)the transfer of irrational cognitions to the self
C)the transfer of strong feelings about parents or authority figures to a psychoanalyst
D)a behavioral technique invented to facilitate the transfer of learned behaviors from the session to the outside world

Question 34

Which of the following defines the psychoanalytic concept of insight

A)The therapist listens while the client talks about whatever comes to mind
B)An understanding by the client of the unconscious causes of his or her symptoms
C)The patient's attempts to avoid the painful feelings in his or her unconscious
D)The redirection of the feelings in an important relationship by the client toward the therapist

Question 35

Which behavior therapy technique is CORRECTLY matched to its description

A)aversion therapy-The client is confronted with the object of his or her phobia.
B)systematic desensitization-Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking stimulus is paired with relaxation.
C)exposure therapy-An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D)flooding - Computer-generated, lifelike images are used in a desensitization program.

Question 36

Which of the following procedures are used in cognitive therapy

A)The client is confronted with the object of his or her phobia.
B)The client is helped to identify incorrect or distorted beliefs.
C)An unpleasant stimulus is paired with an undesirable behavior of the client.
D)Computer-generated, lifelike images are often used.

Question 37

In person-centered therapy, the therapist:

A)explores the client's sexual history
B)uses reinforcement and punishment to modify the client's actions
C)silently writes notes on a small pad
D)attempts to provide unconditional positive regard

Question 38

Which of the following is true about the technique of flooding

A)In flooding the client is exposed to his or her fear all at once
B)Flooding uses a hierarchy of fears approach
C)Flooding uses systematic desensitization
D)Flooding uses relaxation training

Question 39

According to humanistic therapists, psychological disorders are primarily caused by

A)limits and expectations imposed by others
B)unconscious conflicts and early experiences
C)irrational thought patterns
D)faulty learning

Question 40

How does modern psychodynamic therapy differ from classic psychoanalysis

A)Modern psychodynamic therapy is generally longer term than is classic psychoanalysis.
B)In modern psychodynamic therapy, the psychoanalysis takes a less directive role than was the case in the past.
C)The goals of today's psychodynamic therapy are more specific than in the past.
D)A, B, and C

Question 41

Characteristics of cognitive treatment approaches include each of the following EXCEPT:

A)They are relatively brief.
B)They focus on concrete problems.
C)They involve an active therapist.
D)They are loosely structured.

Question 42

The concept of the therapeutic alliance is central to psychoanalysis.

Question 43

Which of the following approaches to psychotherapy is correctly matched with a potential strength

A)behavioral therapy - recognizes that people have rich inner lives
B)psychoanalytic therapy - offers a precise, objective approach to the symptoms of specific disorders
C)humanistic therapy - has resulted in effective drug treatments for many psychological disorders
D)cognitive therapy - focuses on thoughts, not just behaviors

Question 44

Which approach to therapy emphasizes the challenging of irrational, unrealistic beliefs

A)psychoanalysis
B)rational-emotive behavior therapy
C)dialectical behavior therapy
D)systematic desensitization

Question 45

Cognitive-behavior therapy aims directly at the underlying causes of psychological problems.

Question 46

The terms psychotherapy and psychoanalysis mean the same thing.

Question 47

Bryan is feeling angry with his therapist; Bryan's anger reflects his feelings toward his father when he was a young boy in the throes of the Oedipal conflict. This example illustrates __________.

Question 48

Ellis is to rational emotive therapy as Beck is to cognitive therapy.

Question 49

Dr. Sawyer is genuine and empathetic toward each of her clients; she strives to create an atmosphere of unconditional positive regard. Dr. Sawyer is attempting to create a(n) ________ with each client.

Question 50

Dialectical behavioral therapy is often used to treat which of the following disorders

A)Anti-social personality disorder
B)Phobic disorder
C)Bipolar personality disorder
D)Schizophrenia

Question 51

"Some people are perfect! Why can't I be perfect Why is everything I do wrong" A ________ therapist might encourage a client to change such irrational thoughts.

A)rational emotive
B)behavioral
C)humanistic
D)psychodynamic

Question 52

Rational-emotive therapy is associated with ________; cognitive therapy, with ______.

A)Beck; Ellis
B)Beck; Rogers
C)Ellis; Rogers
D)Ellis; Beck

Question 53

The course of treatment is shorter in today's psychodynamic therapy than in traditional psychoanalysis.

Question 54

Adrienne is describing a dream to her therapist. The events she recounts constitute the _______ content of her dream.

Question 55

Psychoanalysis is based on Freudian and neo-Freudian principles.

Question 56

Imagine a study in which brain activity is recorded before and after a 12-week course of dialectical behavioral therapy among patients with borderline personality disorder. The recordings are compared to brain recordings taken from individuals without the disorder. Which of the following alternatives labels the borderline patients and the brain recordings with respect to the experimental method

A)experimental group; dependent variable
B)experimental group; independent variable
C)experimental group; outcome variable
D)control group; dependent variable

Question 57

Person-centered therapists communicate not only that they are caring and nonjudgmental, but also that they are __________; that is, they should reflect an accurate perception of the client's emotional experience.

Question 58

A goal of dialectical behavioral therapy is to

A)get the patient to help out with his or her own treatment
B)change only behaviors, not cognitions
C)expand the psychodynamic approach to concentrate on sexual experiences
D)increase transference

Question 59

Dialectical behavioral therapy is an example of an eclectic approach to treatment.

Question 60

Cathy visits a behavior therapist for help with her alcohol abuse. To treat Cathy's problem, the therapist might use _________ conditioning.

Question 61

Ida has bipolar disorder. Most likely, she would be prescribed:

A)an antidepressant
B)an antipsychochotic
C)Lithium
D)An SSRI

Question 62

The original antidepressants were the _____________; today's antidepressants are the _____________.

A)tricylics; MAOIs and SSRIs
B)MAOIs; tricylics
C)SSRIs; tricyclics and MAOIs
D)tricyclics and MAOIs; SSRIs

Question 63

Tricyclic drugs, MAO inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are examples of which class of drugs

A)antipsychotics
B)mood stabilizers
C)antianxiety drugs
D)antidepressants

Question 64

Which of the following is not among the neurotransmitters that your text states are influenced by the various antidepressant drugs

A)endorphins
B)norepinephrine
C)serotonin
D)dopamine

Question 65

Many therapists integrate multiple approaches to treat an individual's problems; that is, they use a(n) _________ approach.

Question 66

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly matched with its class

A)Zyprexa - antipsychotic
B)Ritalin - antidepressant
C)Xanax - mood stabilizer
D)Effexor - psychostimulant

Question 67

Regarding the action of antipsychotics on schizophrenia, ________ is to positive symptoms as ________ is to negative symptoms.

A)GABA; dopamine
B)serotonin; dopamine
C)dopamine; serotonin
D)dopamine; GABA

Question 68

As compared to the tricyclics or the MAOIs, SSRIs:

A)have fewer side effects
B)are prescribed more frequently
C)have been around longer
D)both A and B

Question 69

Exposure treatments are based on _________, the process by which a conditioned response eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is presented in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus.

Question 70

Benzodiazepines work by influencing the neurotransmitter:

A)dopamine
B)GABA
C)serotonin
D)norepinephrine

Question 71

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly matched with the disorder it is intended to treat

A)Valium - depression
B)Adderall - anxiety disorders
C)Lithobid - bipolar disorder
D)Risperdal - ADHD

Question 72

The first major antipsychotic drug to be introduced was _________; it was used to treat _________.

A)lithium; bipolar disorder
B)lithium; schizophrenia
C)chlorpromazine; bipolar disorder
D)chlorpromazine; schizophrenia

Question 73

Psychostimulants are often prescribed to treat ADHD. How does the effect of psychostimulants on the activity level of ADHD patients vary with the size of the dose

A)Psychostimulants decrease the activity level of these patients regardless of the size of the dose.
B)Psychostimulants increase the activity level of these patients regardless of the size of the dose.
C)Small doses of psychostimulants have no effect on the activity level of these patients.Large doses decrease it.
D)Small doses of psychostimulants decrease the activity level of these patients.Large doses increase it.

Question 74

According to your text, which form of psychotherapy is often used in conjunction with the prescription of psychostimulants in the treatment of ADHD

A)systematic desensitization
B)psychodynamic therapy
C)humanistic therapy
D)cognitive-behavioral therapy

Question 75

Ellis' ________ therapy is aimed at challenging the flaws in a client's thinking.

Question 76

Psychostimulants are often prescribed to treat ADHD. How long does one dose of such medication usually last

A)1-2 hrs.
B)3-4 hrs.
C)4-12 hrs.
D)12-18 hrs.

Question 77

Prozac is an example of which kind of antidepressant drug

A)SSRI
B)MAO inhibitor
C)antipsychotic
D)tricyclic

Question 78

Which brand of psychoactive drug is correctly described

A)Adderall - effective at reducing hyperactivity and inattention
B)Depakene - among the most frequently prescribed antidepressants
C)Zoloft - helps reduce the mood swings in bipolar disorder
D)Cloarzil - facilitate the action of the neurotransmitter GABA

Question 79

Which of the following is NOT one of the side effects of psychostimulants

A)irritability
B)sleep disturbances
C)increased appetite
D)weight loss

Question 80

Dr. Rhodes is trying to help a client think differently, in more realistic and less anxiety-provoking ways. Dr. Rhodes is practicing _________ therapy.