Deck 12: Emotion

Question 1

The approach-withdrawal model attempts to explain
A.Arousal and valence
B.Positive versus negative emotions
C.Basic actions taken in responding adaptively to the environment
D.How each individual emotion corresponds to a different brain region

Answer 1

Basic actions taken in responding adaptively to the environment

Question 2

Research suggests that the path to the amygdala that is important for quick, instinctive emotional response is from the:
A.Anterior thalamus to the amygdala
B.Neocortex to the amygdala
C.Amygdala to the cortex
D.Hippocampus to the amygdala

Answer 2

Anteriorthalamus to the amygdala

Question 3

Situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive reappraisal, and response modulation are all strategies involved in
A.Reinforcement contingency
B.Reversal learning
C.Emotion regulation
D.Fight-or-flight response

Answer 3

Emotion regulation

Question 4

Reversal learning is:
A.The ability to change behavior when contingencies change
B.Cognitive inflexibility
C.The degree to which a reward or punishment is associated with a particular stimulus or action
D.Impaired after damage to the insula

Question 5

Emotional experiences often include bodily changes.This response depends upon the:

A)Autonomic nervous system
B)HPA axis
C)Sympathetic nervous system
D)HYPERLINK "https.//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system" \o "Central nervous system" All of the above

Question 6

Damage to the amygdala typically results in:

A)Inability to acquire fear conditioning
B)Inability to experience feelings of fear or anxiety
C)Inability to distinguish the identities of faces
D)All of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is not associated with insula activity:

A)Moral and physical disgust
B)Gustatory and olfactory aversion
C)Recognizing guilt in others
D)Levator labii activation

Question 8

Cortisol is an important hormone involved in the flight or fight response and is released by the _______________________:

A)Pituitary gland
B)Hypothalamus
C)Adrenal cortex
D)Locus coeruleus

Question 9

Many studies have shown the importance of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in emotion regulation.Which of the following findings is true:

A)Stimulation of DLPFC inhibited the processing of negative stimuli
B)Stimulation of DLPFC increased the salience of emotional stimuli
C)Stimulation of the DLPFC decreased retrieval abilities of emotional events
D)Stimulation of the DLPFC improved appraisal strategies as indexed by physiological measures

Question 10

The insula is:
A.Another name for the insular cortex
B.Found inside a fissure of the brain called the HYPERLINK "http.//www.neuroscientificallychallenged.com/glossary/lateral-sulcus" \t "_blank" lateral sulcus
C.Involved in our self-awareness
D.All of the above.

Question 11

The nucleus accumbens is:
A.Activated when deprivation is experienced
B.A cluster of cells in the hindbrain
C.Activated when an unexpected reward is received
D.One of the brain areas where electrical stimulation is least rewarding

Question 12

According to the valence-arousal model of emotion, sadness would be described as the following:

A)high arousal and negative valence
B)low arousal and negative valence
C)high arousal and positive valence
D)low arousal and positive valence

Question 13

Recognizing and producing facial expressions of emotion primarily involves:
A.The right hemisphere
B.The left hemisphere
C.The hypothalamus
D.The amygdala

Question 14

Which part of the brain is important for early detection of emotional information and rapid response to that information?
A.Hypothalamus
B.Amygdala
C.Adrenal glands
D.Uncus

Question 15

Propositional prosody communicates:
A.Semantic information
B.Emotional context
C.Sarcasm and superiority
D.Comprehension

Question 16

Psychic blindness is:
A.The mind is visualizing, but a person's eyes are not working.
B.Ability to process the sensory properties of objects but not understand the affective properties of those objects.
C.Ability to understand the affective properties of those objects, but not process the sensory properties of objects.
D.Inability to understand the mental states of other people.

Question 17

The cingulate cortex is involved in:
A.Motor control, cognition, and emotion
B.Visual perception of emotion
C.Facial expressions of emotion
D.Production of prosody

Question 18

The cerebral cortex is crucial for the emotional function:
A.Deciding whether a particular behavior is likely to lead to a positive or negative outcome
B.Inferring the feelings of others based on facial expression
C.Using the correct tone of voice to convey to others how we are feeling
D.All of the above

Question 19

Interoception is the ability to:
A.Resolve conflict between competing or distracting information
B.Perceive the internal state of the body
C.Regulate autonomic function
D.Integrate emotion with decision-making

Question 20

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is associated with many kinds of emotional and cognitive processing.Which of the following is not true regarding the OFC:

A)It's related to feelings of regret
B)Damage to the OFC results in IQ impairments
C)It tracks the value of external rewards
D)It is important for adaptive decision making

Question 21

People who are more optimistic show greater left frontal activation than right frontal activation.This supports which of the following models of emotion:

A)Valence-arousal model
B)Emotion regulation model
C)Approach-withdrawal model
D)Categorical model

Question 22

The approach-withdrawal model of emotion is supported by the following patterns of specific neurotransmitter systems in the frontal lobes and basal ganglia:

A)People who learn more from rewards showed more leftward dopamine D₂ receptor binding
B)People who learn more from rewards showed more rightward dopamine D₂ receptor binding
C)People who are more avoidance motivated showed more leftward dopamine D₂ receptor binding
D)People who are more approach motivated showed less asymmetries in dopamine D₂ receptor binding