Deck 4: Quantitative Research: Descriptive and Correlational Designs

Question 1

When writing a survey question, it is important to use double-barreled questions.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

If ice-cream sales and temperature both increase during the summer months, there is a ___________correlation between these two variables.

A) Positive
B) Negative

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The level of significance is the probability that a relationship between variables might be due to chance or measurement error.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which of the following is the type of statistics used to draw conclusions about the relationship between variables?

A) Descriptive statistics
B) Inferential statistics

Question 5

The statistic used to measure the association between two nominal variables is:

A) Correlation
B) Chi-square

Question 6

Likert scales are 7-point scales.

Question 7

The burden of proof is highest for which of the following claims regarding the relationship between two variables?

A) Correlation
B) Causation
C) Prediction

Question 8

What conclusion could you draw from the (hypothetical) data in the following correlation matrix? ** P<.001
*p<)05

A) Higher levels of extroversion are associated with greater career success, but lower marital satisfaction.
B) Lower levels of extroversion are associated with greater career success, and higher marital satisfaction
C) There is no significant relationship between extroversion and marital satisfaction
D) There is no significant relationship between extroversion and either career success or marital satisfaction.

Question 9

The level of significance required in most circumstances to conclude that a relationship is "statistically significant" is:

A) p < .05
B) p > .05
C) r = .25
D) r > .001
E) None of the above

Question 10

Researchers hypothesized that the new "Shake Weight" would yield a more effective workout than traditional barbell weight training. They found that using the "Shake Weight" for 6 minutes a day, three times a week, resulted in the greater improvement in strength than engaging in a 40-minute barbell regimen three times a week. They acknowledged, however, that they might have a Type I error. What does this mean?

A) The surprising effectiveness of the Shake Weight is probably due to chance or measurement error
B) The researchers thought the weight workouts were the same, when the Shake Weight was in reality more effective.

Question 11

When developing a response scale, one should strive to make the response alternatives symmetrical in phrasing.

Question 12

Violent crime and temperature both increase during the summer months. From this relationship we can conclude that:
a. Violent crime and temperature are positively correlated
b. Violent crime and temperature are negatively correlated
c. High temperatures cause violent crime
d. None of the above