Deck 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

Parietal membranes are attached to the surfaces of organs.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine systems.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The mouth is distal to the nose.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The digestive system filters wastes from the blood and maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.

Question 5

All forms of life use oxygen in respiration.

Question 6

In properly describing a patient's wound, the terms "right" and "left" apply to the patient's right and left.

Question 7

All materials, including those of the human body, are composed of chemicals.

Question 8

The traits that humans share with other organisms are called characteristics of life.

Question 9

The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.

Question 10

Homeostatic mechanisms act through positive feedback.

Question 11

The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture, and production of body heat.

Question 12

Heat helps determine the rate of metabolic reactions.

Question 13

The ears are lateral to the eyes.

Question 14

The structure of a body part is closely related to its function.

Question 15

Part of the liver may be found in the right lower quadrant.

Question 16

The human organism can be divided into an axial portion and appendicular portion.

Question 17

The absence of vital signs signifies death.

Question 18

The elbow is distal to the wrist.

Question 19

Heat is a form of energy.

Question 20

The integumentary system is superficial to the skeletal system.

Question 21

In a crisis, the heart beats faster and more forcefully, resulting in _________.

A) an increase in hydrostatic pressure
B) a decrease in hydrostatic pressure
C) no pressure changes

Question 22

The temperature in a room drops to 65^oF, causing the heater to turn on. The temperature change is an example of a(an) __________.

A) control system
B) effector
C) receptor
D) stimulus
E) response

Question 23

What term refers to the structures that provide information about the conditions of the internal environment?

A) Set points
B) Effectors
C) Receptors
D) Homeostasis
E) Metabolism

Question 24

What gas makes up approximately 1/5th of ordinary air and is used by cells to release energy from food substances?

A) Oxygen
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Hydrogen
D) Nitrogen
E) Helium

Question 25

Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism?

A) Shivering in response to a drop inbody temperature
B) Increasing body temperature during exercise
C) Decreasing body temperature during prolonged exposure to cold conditions
D) Dehydration from lack of water intake
E) Frostbite on exposure to cold

Question 26

Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms?

A) They are the primary means of maintaining homeostasis.
B) They stabilize conditions.
C) They causeunstable conditions, at least temporarily.
D) They maintain the internal environment.
E) They move conditions toward a setpoint.

Question 27

Which of the following is not a requirement to maintain the life of humans?

A) Water
B) Heat
C) Light
D) Pressure

Question 28

Which of the following processes are not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism?

A) Responsiveness
B) Movement
C) Reproduction
D) Metabolism
E) Assimilation

Question 29

Blood plasma is an example of what type of fluid?

A) Intracellular
B) Extracellular
C) Serous
D) Acidic

Question 30

What is/are the origin(s) of many of the terms in anatomy and physiology?

A) Greek and Latin
B) Spanish and Portuguese
C) French and German
D) Chinese and Japanese

Question 31

What is the definition of metabolism?

A) Any individual process in the body
B) All the structures in the body
C) All of the homeostatic setpoints in the body
D) All of the chemical reactions in the body
E) The collection of all of the organs in the body and their parts

Question 32

Which of the followingcauses conditions in the body to move away from the normal state?

A) Negative feedback
B) Homeostasis
C) Metabolism
D) Positive feedback
E) Setpoint

Question 33

Which of the following lists illustrates the idea of increasing levels of organization?

A) Molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
B) Tissues, cells, organs, molecules, organ systems
C) Organs, molecules, organ systems, cells, tissues
D) Cell, atom, tissue, molecule, macromolecule
E) Cell, molecule, tissue, atom, macromolecule

Question 34

What cavities are included in the axial portion of the body?

A) The cranial cavity only
B) The abdominopelvic and thoraciccavitiesonly
C) The cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity, and abdominopelvic cavity
D) The thoracic cavity only
E) The abdominopelvic cavity only

Question 35

What requirement of life is the most abundant chemical in the body and is the major component of extracellular fluid?

A) Water
B) Oxygen
C) Cell
D) Heat
E) Food

Question 36

At what level of organization is skin?

A) Tissue level
B) Cellular level
C) Organ level
D) System level
E) Chemical level

Question 37

Which of the following directly cause(s) the changes in the internal environment needed to maintain homeostasis?

A) Receptors
B) Effectors
C) Setpoint
D) Intracellular fluid
E) Positive feedback

Question 38

Which of the following is not considered one of the characteristics of life?

A) Excretion
B) Digestion
C) Respiration
D) Metabolism
E) Absorption

Question 39

What is the definition of homeostasis?

A) The changing external conditions
B) The maintenance of stable external conditions
C) The changing internal conditions
D) The maintenance of internal conditions

Question 40

The ability of an organism to sense changes in its body is an example of __________.

A) movement
B) respiration
C) responsiveness
D) excretion
E) absorption

Question 41

The passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids is an example of what life process?

A) Excretion
B) Absorption
C) Circulation
D) Growth

Question 42

The entire digestive tract is an example of which organizational level?

A) Organelle
B) Tissue
C) Organ
D) Organ system

Question 43

What organ system includes the kidneys?

A) Respiratory system
B) Digestive system
C) Endocrine system
D) Urinary system

Question 44

What life process is defined as the movement of substances through body fluids?

A) Responsiveness
B) Absorption
C) Circulation
D) Assimilation

Question 45

Rob is camping out when a cold front brings in freezing temperatures. Rob begins to shiver. In this scenario, shivering is an example of what part of the homeostatic mechanism?

A) Control system
B) Effector
C) Receptor
D) Stimulus
E) Response

Question 46

Observing how bones of the arm differ in shape from bones of the leg is a study in __________.

A) anatomy
B) physiology
C) cytology
D) histology

Question 47

Water, or H ₂O, is an example of which level of organization?

A) Atom
B) Molecule
C) Macromolecule
D) Cell

Question 48

Which organ(s) is/are found inthe pelvic cavity?

A) Urinary bladder
B) Kidneys
C) Liver
D) Spleen
E) Gallbladder

Question 49

Determining the effects of a hormone on digestive activity is an example of a study in __________.

A) anatomy
B) physiology
C) cytology
D) histology

Question 50

What term refers to a body part being above another body part?

A) Anterior
B) Posterior
C) Superior
D) Inferior
E) Distal

Question 51

What is anatomical position?

A) The body standing erect with the face forward
B) The body standing erect with face turned to the side
C) The body lying on the back with the face looking upward
D) The body lying on the back with the face turned to the side
E) The body standing erect with the upper limbs reaching over the head

Question 52

Name two types of cavities found in the head.

A) Paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity
B) Oral cavity and mediastinum
C) Cranial cavity and vertebral canal
D) Middle ear cavities and pleural cavities

Question 53

The compartment called the mediastinum separates the __________.

A) thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
B) thoracic cavity into right and left parts
C) thoracic cavity from the pelvic cavity
D) abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity
E) abdominal cavity into right and left parts

Question 54

Sweating caused by hot weather is an example of what characteristic of life?

A) Respiration
B) Responsiveness
C) Absorption
D) Circulation

Question 55

What life process is defined as the removal of wastes?

A) Excretion
B) Absorption
C) Circulation
D) Movement

Question 56

Squinting and blinking the eyes in bright sunlight is an example of what characteristic of life?

A) Responsiveness
B) Reproduction
C) Respiration
D) Absorption

Question 57

What is the name of the membrane on the surface of the lung?

A) Visceral pleura
B) Parietal pleura
C) Visceral pericardium
D) Parietal pericardium
E) Visceral peritoneum

Question 58

What plane separates the body into left and right portions?

A) Frontal plane
B) Transverse plane
C) Coronal plane
D) Sagittal plane
E) Horizontal plane

Question 59

Which of the following has the highest organizational level of complexity?

A) Respiratory system
B) Chemistry
C) Heart
D) Cells
E) Tissues

Question 60

The stomach is an example of which organizational level?

A) Molecule
B) Organ system
C) Tissue
D) Organ

Question 61

What term refers to the region in front of the elbow?

A) Brachial
B) Popliteal
C) Antecubital
D) Cubital

Question 62

What abdominopelvic quadrant contains the spleen?

A) Left upper quadrant
B) Left lower quadrant
C) Right upper quadrant
D) Right lower quadrant

Question 63

The pancreas releases hormones. It also releases enzymes needed to break down food. Because of this dual role, the pancreas could be considered part of what two organ systems?

A) Nervous and digestive systems
B) Cardiovascular and lymphatic systems
C) Endocrine and digestive systems
D) Urinary and endocrine systems
E) Lymphatic and integumentary systems

Question 64

The urinary bladder is located in which abdominopelvicregion?

A) Epigastric region
B) Umbilical region
C) Pubic region
D) Left inguinal region
E) Right hypochondriac region

Question 65

The branch of science that deals with the structure of human body parts is called ______________.

Question 66

What organ is part of the lymphatic system?

A) Spleen
B) Liver
C) Brain
D) Thyroid gland

Question 67

What abdominopelvic quadrant contains the appendix?

A) Left upper quadrant
B) Left lower quadrant
C) Right upper quadrant
D) Right lower quadrant

Question 68

The right eye and right lung are __________.

A) ipsilateral
B) bilateral
C) contralateral
D) proximal

Question 69

The femoral region is ________ to the popliteal region.

A) distal
B) medial
C) proximal
D) lateral

Question 70

An MRI of the head that shows both eyes and the nose within the same image would be showing the __________ plane.

A) frontal
B) sagittal
C) transverse
D) median

Question 71

Bell's palsy results in the lack of stimulation to facial muscles, so they do not contact. Bell's palsy is associated with what organ system?

A) Nervous system
B) Endocrine system
C) Skeletal system
D) Integumentary system

Question 72

What organ is found in the thoracic cavity?

A) Brain
B) Lung
C) Liver
D) Spleen

Question 73

What abdominopelvic quadrant contains the gallbladder?

A) Left upper quadrant
B) Left lower quadrant
C) Right upper quadrant
D) Right lower quadrant

Question 74

The method for testing a hypothesis, then rejecting or accepting it based on the results of experiments or observations, is called the __________.

Question 75

When considering humans, what terms have the same meanings as the terms anterior and posterior?

A) Superior and inferior
B) Superficial and deep
C) Ventral and dorsal
D) Medial and lateral

Question 76

The branch of science that deals with the function of human body parts is called ______________.

Question 77

Which is a physiological description rather than an anatomical one?

A) The heart muscle is involuntarily and fatigue-resistant.
B) The skin is composed of an epithelial layer over a connective tissue layer.
C) The quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscles are located in the thigh.
D) The aorta is a large vessel connected to the heart.

Question 78

What structure separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?

A) Diaphragm
B) Liver
C) Mediastinum
D) Small intestine

Question 79

What shape would a transverse section of a banana resemble?

A) Circle
B) Triangle
C) Oval
D) Parabola

Question 80

The __________ region is superior and lateral to the umbilical region.

A) lumbar
B) epigastric
C) inguinal
D) hypochondriac