Deck 1: An Overview of Immunology

Question 1

Characteristics of clonal selection include

A)antigen binding to a unique antigen receptor site.
B)activation of antigen-bound lymphocytes.
C)proliferation of antigen-bound lymphocytes.
D)All of the above.

Answer 1

All of the above.

Question 2

Preschool children who are vaccinated against specific microorganisms would be expected to develop ________________ immunity against those microorganisms.

A)natural active
B)artificial active
C)natural passive
D)artificial passive

Answer 2

artificial active

Question 3

The first line of defense against infection is

A)unbroken skin or mucous membranes.
B)phagocytosis.
C)antibody production.
D)antigen recognition.

Answer 3

unbroken skin or mucous membranes.

Question 4

A specific component of the adaptive immune system formed in response to antigenic stimulation is

A)complement.
B)immunoglobulin.
C)increased secretion of mucus.
D)enhanced phagocytosis.

Question 5

The innate immune system is

A)the most ancient form of host defense.
B)divided into two components, each with a different function.
C)mediated by germline-encoded receptors.
D)Both A and C.

Question 6

An early form of immunization was practiced by the

A)Romans.
B)Greeks.
C)Chinese.
D)Native Americans.

Question 7

Cell-mediated immunity is moderated by

A)B lymphocytes.
B)T lymphocytes.
C)monocytes-macrophages.
D)Both B and C.

Question 8

Another name for Toll-like receptors is

A)genome.
B)pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
C)pattern-recognition receptors.
D)complement.

Question 9

A specific function of the immune system is to

A)recognize self from nonself.
B)defend the body against nonself.
C)amplify specific functions.
D)Both A and B.

Question 10

The "father" of immunology is generally considered to be

A)Koch.
B)Pasteur.
C)Gram.
D)Salk.

Question 11

B lymphocytes respond to

A)antigens presented on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell.
B)antigens on microorganisms or other living cells.
C)native antigenic determinants of appropriate fit.
D)antigens floating in body fluids.

Question 12

T lymphocytes respond to

A)antigens presented on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell.
B)antigens on microorganisms or other living cells.
C)native antigenic determinants of appropriate fit.
D)antigens floating in body fluids.

Question 13

Cytokines

A)are produced by lymphocytes.
B)act on various elements of the immune system.
C)are molecular structures.
D)All of the above.

Question 14

Mechanisms of innate immunity

A)are activated immediately after infection.
B)quickly begin to control multiplication.
C)are organized around T and B lymphocytes.
D)Both A and B.

Question 15

If microorganisms penetrate the first line of defense, a second line of _______________ forms defense mechanisms that become operational.

A)cellular components
B)humoral components
C)secretions
D)Both A and B.

Question 16

An undesirable consequence of immunity is

A)natural resistance.
B)acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
C)an autoimmune disorder.
D)recovery from infectious disease.

Question 17

A child who contracts a contagious disease from an older sibling could develop __________________ immunity against the disease.

A)natural active
B)artificial active
C)natural passive
D)artificial passive

Question 18

Acquired immunity can result from

A)vaccination by injection of an antigen.
B)contracting a disease.
C)genetic inheritance.
D)Both A and B.

Question 19

Immunology is defined as the study of molecules, cells, organs, and systems.

Question 20

Artificial passive immunity is achieved by

A)vaccination.
B)contracting a disease.
C)infusion or injection of preformed specific antibody.
D)transfer in vivo.

Question 21

The immune system has distinctive characteristics, such as memory.

Question 22

Immunology is defined as the relationship among cells during embryonic development.

Question 23

The immune system has distinctive characteristics, such as specificity.

Question 24

The immune system has distinctive characteristics, such as immobility.

Question 25

The immune system has distinctive characteristics, such as noncooperation among different cells or cellular products.

Question 26

Immunology is defined as the desirable and undesirable consequences of immune interactions.

Question 27

Immunology is defined as the system responsible for the recognition and disposal of foreign (nonself) material.