Deck 13: The Victimization of Juveniles

Question 1

The Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974 mandated:

A)Delinquency prevention
B)Child protective services
C)Children's advocacy centers
D)None of the above

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In 2015, the NCVS estimates the personal violent crime victimization rate for youths ages 12 to 14 as ______.

A)10
B)42
C)61
D)79

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is not a type of bullying behavior?

A)Verbal
B)Social
C)Cyberbullying
D)All of the above are types

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to the text, which juvenile lifestyle factor(s) contribute to victimization?

A)Presence at school
B)Perceived vulnerability
C)Knowledge and opportunities for offending via interaction
D)All of the above

Question 5

Which criminological theory most closely parallels writing on lifestyles as a contributing factor to victimization?

A)Subcultural
B)Routine activities
C)Differential association
D)None of the above

Question 6

The most common form of child maltreatment is:

A)Neglect
B)Physical abuse
C)Sexual abuse
D)Psychological abuse

Question 7

The idea that victims cause their own victimization is known as:

A)Lifestyle explanation
B)Victim precipitation
C)Routine activities
D)Anomie

Question 8

One of the major sources of information on the extent of abuse and neglect is:

A)American Humane Society
B)NCVS
C)Child Protective Services
D)Administration on Children

Question 9

Victimization rates are calculated per __________ youths at risk.

A)100
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)100,000

Question 10

The idea that childhood abuse leads to later deviant behavior by the victim is:

A)Self-fulfilling prophecy
B)Cycle of violence
C)Lifestyle theory
D)Operant conditioning

Question 11

The most common form of bullying at school is:

A)Rumors
B)Threats of harm
C)Being insulted
D)Exclusion from events

Question 12

Which of the following types of victimization occurs most frequently at school?

A)Theft
B)Violence
C)Serious violence
D)None of the above

Question 13

In 2010-11, _________ homicides occurred on school property in the United States.

A)34
B)29
C)19
D)11

Question 14

Child maltreatment includes all but which of the following?

A)Physical abuse
B)Cyberbullying
C)Abandonment
D)Emotional abuse

Question 15

The most well-known source of victimization data is the:

A)UCR
B)FBI
C)NCVS
D)CASA

Question 16

_____________ theories emphasize individual defects or psychological conditions as the cause of child maltreatment.

A)Lifestyle
B)Intra-individual
C)Rational choice
D)Exchange

Question 17

Data on victimization at school show:

A)Much greater victimization among minority youths
B)Similar victimization across racial/ethnic groups
C)Older youths are more victimized
D)Great increases in homicides at school

Question 18

Stress is a major explanatory factor in _______ theories of child maltreatment.

A)Inter-individual
B)Intra-individual
C)Sociocultural
D)Social learning

Question 19

In 2015, roughly _____ percent of youths avoid school, school activities, or places at school due to fear of attack or harm.

A)5
B)10
C)20
D)30

Question 20

Which of the following is not a type of explanation for child maltreatment (abuse and neglect)?

A)Inter-individual theories
B)Intra-individual theories
C)Sociocultural explanations
D)Social learning approaches

Question 21

Most youths are victimized by lower class males.

Question 22

Children always know when they are the victim of child abuse.

Question 23

Courts that are devoted to the issues involved in divorce, child support, and related matters are called _______ courts.

A)Juvenile
B)Family
C)Domestic relations
D)None of the above

Question 24

Approximately 60% of all youths aged 15-17 are victims of a personal crime in a single year.

Question 25

As high-profile school shootings (e.g., Columbine) indicate, school homicides increased dramatically between 1992 and 2001.

Question 26

Child abuse and neglect are easy to measure accurately.One simply needs to examine the official statistics of child welfare agencies to obtain accurate data.

Question 27

Victimization surveys have been in use for about 100 years.

Question 28

Bullying at school is a proven cause of most school homicides.

Question 29

School victimization rates are quite similar for whites and blacks.

Question 30

Most cases of child abuse involve neglect.

Question 31

In 2014, there were over 700,000 documented cases of child abuse or neglect in the United States.

Question 32

The umbrella organization that brings together law enforcement, child protection services, educators, and others to provide coordinated responses to maltreated children is:

A)Area Offices on Children
B)Children's Advocacy Centers
C)U.S.Administration on Children
D)SAMSHA

Question 33

Almost 20% of youths report being the victim of cyberbullying.

Question 34

The most common form of bullying at school is physical threats.

Question 35

Younger African-American youths are more often victims of violent crimes than white youths.

Question 36

School theft victimization rates are quite similar for males and females.

Question 37

Many states include substance abuse in the definition of child abuse or neglect.

Question 38

Youths spend over 1/3 of their waking hours at school.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT an outcome of CASA involvement?

A)Longer time in foster care
B)More case services
C)Greater family reunification
D)Less involvement with juvenile justice

Question 40

Volunteers who try to help protect juveniles in juvenile court are called:

A)Juvenile court volunteers
B)Court-appointed special advocates
C)Juvenile protectors
D)Mentors

Question 41

Sociocultural explanations of child maltreatment rest on the assumption that an individual has learned to be abusive by observing past abusive behavior.

Question 42

The cycle of violence refers to moving from minor crimes to substance abuse to violence.

Question 43

Joining a gang is an effective method for addressing victimization.

Question 44

Routine activities theory claims that an individual's behavior plays a role in their chances of victimization.

Question 45

The idea of gathering a child's testimony outside the courtroom is known as in chambers testimony.

Question 46

A guardian ad litem works on behalf of the family in court.

Question 47

Initially, it seemed that much of the writing about victim-precipitation was actually writing about victim-blaming.

Question 48

Approximately 148,000 youths were removed from their homes in 2015 due to investigations of child abuse and neglect.

Question 49

A small, insignificant number of youths fear victimization.

Question 50

Many juvenile courts are actually family courts.

Question 51

Perhaps the most common reaction to victimization is avoidance.