Deck 1: A View of Life

Question 1

If a particular protein were being produced in excess of the cell's needs, then __________ mechanisms intervene to stop production.

A) metabolic
B) homeostatic
C) growth
D) respiratory
E) anabolic

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following stimuli most directly causes the Venus flytrap to catch an insect?

A) gravity
B) light
C) touch
D) scent
E) sound

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Biological growth involves an increase in:

A) the number of cells.
B) the size of individual cells.
C) the number of gene types in a cell.
D) both the number and size of cells.
E) both the number of cells and the number of gene types in a cell.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Homeostasis in living organisms involves processes that:

A) provide for unlimited growth.
B) allow unrestricted movement.
C) allow for adaptation to a harmful environment.
D) permit a response to stimuli from either the internal or external environment.
E) maintain a constant internal environment.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most basic level of chemical organization?

A) cell
B) molecule
C) atom
D) tissue
E) organism

Question 6

Cilia and flagella are most directly involved in:

A) metabolism.
B) movement.
C) maintaining homeostasis.
D) muscle contraction.
E) cell signaling.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living organisms?

A) adaptation to their environment
B) reproduction
C) response to stimuli
D) multicellularity
E) metabolism

Question 8

The cell theory states that all living organisms:

A) grow and develop.
B) respond to stimuli.
C) are composed of basic units called cells.
D) can move from one place to another in order to find food or to escape predators.
E) can form a population of organisms that is able to adapt to the environment.

Question 9

A prokaryotic cell differs from a eukaryotic cell in that a prokaryotic cell:

A) has a plasma membrane.
B) contains organelles.
C) has a nucleus.
D) has DNA.
E) is exemplified by bacteria.

Question 10

Organisms that are sessile as adults:

A) lack free-swimming larvae.
B) are exemplified by humans.
C) carry out amoeboid movement.
D) do not move from place to place.
E) lack cilia and flagella.

Question 11

When tissues organize they form:

A) an organ.
B) a nucleus.
C) an atom.
D) a cell.
E) an enzyme.

Question 12

Which one of the following is a characteristic of asexual, as opposed to sexual, reproduction?

A) fusion of egg and sperm
B) a cell splitting in half
C) genes contributed by two parents
D) high degree of genetic variation
E) formation of a fertilized egg

Question 13

In all organisms, hereditary information is encoded within __________ molecules.

A) DNA
B) RNA
C) protein
D) lipid
E) carbohydrate

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an adaptation of Burchell's zebras to their environment?

A) camouflage
B) a unique stomach
C) behavioral activities
D) stripes
E) asexual reproduction

Question 15

The science of life is:

A) taxonomy.
B) biology.
C) evolution.
D) ecology.
E) systematics.

Question 16

In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:

A) development.
B) metabolism.
C) adaptation.
D) genetics.
E) homeostasis.

Question 17

Reductionism refers to the method of investigating structures by:

A) studying the whole.
B) studying emergent properties.
C) reducing our knowledge about these structures.
D) studying the parts of the structures.
E) studying many structures together.

Question 18

Identify the three basic themes in biology: I.
The cellular composition of life
II)
The evolution of life
III)
The flow of energy through living systems
IV)
The mechanisms of disease
V)
The transmission of information

A) I, II, and III
B) II, III, and IV
C) III, IV, and V
D) I, IV, and V
E) II, III, and V

Question 19

If an organism is eukaryotic, then by definition it will:

A) be assigned to the domain Bacteria.
B) be assigned to the domain Archaea.
C) be unicellular.
D) possess gametangia.
E) possess a nucleus.

Question 20

One benefit of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that:

A) more offspring can be produced.
B) the offspring are all identical to the parents.
C) the interaction of the genes from both parents brings about genetic variation.
D) evolution will occur at a slower rate when there are two parents.
E) there is less variation from generation to generation.

Question 21

Which of the following is produced via the process of cellular respiration?

A) oxygen.
B) light.
C) food molecules.
D) sugars.
E) carbon dioxide.

Question 22

Information in living organisms can be transmitted by:

A) genes only.
B) hormones only.
C) neurotransmitters only.
D) genes and hormones but not neurotransmitters.
E) genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters.

Question 23

Which of the following terms includes the fewest species of organisms?

A) ecosystem
B) community
C) biosphere
D) population
E) class.

Question 24

What would be the ultimate effect on an ecosystem if decomposers were eliminated?

A) The consumers would have to eat twice as much.
B) The rate of photosynthesis would increase.
C) All life would eventually cease as nutrients would no longer be available.
D) Energy flow between producers and consumers would increase.
E) Producers would outgrow consumers due to the excess of carbon dioxide.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a term related to information transfer in living systems?

A) genes
B) taxon
C) proteins
D) neurotransmitters
E) hormones

Question 26

To what group do I belong? I am neither prokaryotic nor photosynthetic, and I obtain nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into my environment.

A) Bacteria
B) protists
C) Fungi
D) Plantae
E) Animalia

Question 27

Autotrophs:

A) are exemplified by fungi.
B) are exemplified by animals.
C) cannot carry out cellular respiration.
D) depend on heterotrophs for food.
E) synthesize complex molecules from CO₂, water, and energy.

Question 28

You discover an organism that is eukaryotic, unicellular, and photosynthetic.Based on this evidence you correctly assign this organism to the:

A) Domain Bacteria.
B) protist group.
C) Kindgom Fungi.
D) Kingdom Plantae.
E) Domain Archaea.

Question 29

All of the members of the same species occupying the same area at the same time constitute:

A) an individual.
B) a population.
C) a community.
D) an ecosystem.
E) a biosphere.

Question 30

Using the Linnaean system of nomenclature, corn is named Zea mays.In this name, the specific epithet is:

A) Zea mays.
B) Zea.
C) mays.
D) Quercus.
E) corn.

Question 31

One of the conclusions drawn from Darwin's theory of evolution is that:

A) existing organisms can adapt to environmental changes.
B) genetic information can pass from organism to organism by means of DNA.
C) living organisms are composed of basic units called cells.
D) organisms living today descended with modifications from previously existing forms.
E) living organisms contain substances produced by cells.

Question 32

The units of hereditary information are:

A) biochemicals.
B) genes.
C) RNA.
D) proteins.
E) nucleotides.

Question 33

Which of the following is most directly associated with the theory of evolution?

A) Competition between members of a population for limited resources.
B) Production of large numbers of offspring.
C) Sexual reproduction producing variation in a population.
D) Mutations changing the gene pool.
E) Changing of populations over time.

Question 34

Similar families of organisms are next grouped together in the same:

A) class.
B) kingdom.
C) order.
D) phylum.
E) genus.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT true of hormones?

A) They are found in multicellular organisms.
B) They are chemical messengers.
C) They regulate development.
D) They are a type of gene.
E) They regulate growth.

Question 36

Which of the following statements is NOT part of Darwin's theory of natural selection?

A) There is some variation within a population.
B) Competition between populations increases variation.
C) Individuals with advantageous characteristics tend to survive.
D) Survivors pass their advantageous characteristics to their offspring.
E) Most species overproduce offspring.

Question 37

The domain Eukarya includes all of the following EXCEPT:

A) protozoa.
B) mushrooms.
C) bears.
D) mosses.
E) bacteria.

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT true of proteins?

A) They determine the structure and function of cells and tissues.
B) They function as receptors.
C) They function in recognition.
D) They are the code for molecules that are important for life processes.
E) They enable cells to communicate.

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a concept or term related to the flow of energy through living systems?

A) cellular respiration
B) consumers
C) decomposers
D) photosynthesis
E) sexual reproduction

Question 40

Which of the following represents the pattern of energy flow within an ecosystem?

A) producers $\rightarrow$ consumers $\rightarrow$ decomposers
B) decomposers $\rightarrow$ producers $\rightarrow$ consumers
C) consumers $\rightarrow$ producers $\rightarrow$ decomposers
D) decomposers $\rightarrow$ consumers $\rightarrow$ producers
E) producers $\rightarrow$ decomposers $\rightarrow$ consumers

Question 41

In the deductive approach to scientific thought processes, we begin with __________ and make __________ based on that information.

A) premises; observations
B) observations; premises
C) observations; conclusions
D) observations; inductions
E) premises; conclusions

Question 42

A hypothesis is:

A) a tentative explanation.
B) a systematic thought process.
C) an observation.
D) a placebo.
E) a conclusion.

Question 43

Which statement concerning systems biology is FALSE?

A) It involves the reductionist approach.
B) It involves the analysis of large amounts of data.
C) It focuses on the functioning of biological systems.
D) It focuses on individual components rather than the whole.
E) It is also called integrative biology.

Question 44

Which of the following statements represents a good hypothesis?

A) Shoofly pie tastes good.
B) The swimming speed of Artemia increases at higher temperatures.
C) There is life after death.
D) Hemophilia is also known as "bleeder's disease."
E) Since sparrows, robins, hawks, and pigeons are all birds and have wings, all birds have wings.

Question 45

A sampling error could occur from:

A) a malfunctioning calculator.
B) very few individuals in the control group.
C) a poorly designed hypothesis.
D) the scientist knowing which individuals were in the experimental group.
E) having both an experimental and a control group.

Question 46

Figure 1-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Sequence B in Figure 1-1 represents:

A) a hypothesis.
B) a conclusion.
C) a blind group.
D) the experimental group.
E) the control group.

Question 47

Using the characteristics that define life, compare and contrast a plant, a bacterium, and a salt crystal.

Question 48

In the experimental evaluation of a new drug, a placebo serves the purpose of:

A) preventing errors in recording of the data.
B) removing the bias of the physician in charge of the experiment.
C) removing the potential psychological bias of the patient in the study.
D) preventing sampling errors from compromising the results of the experiment.
E) increasing the sample size.

Question 49

If we wanted to examine the effect of a fertilizer on the size of zucchini produced, we would need to establish both experimental and control groups.The control group for this experiment would be defined by the following conditions:

A) soil, fertilizer, water, sun, and no zucchini seeds.
B) soil, fertilizer, water, sun, and zucchini seeds.
C) soil, water, sun, and no zucchini seeds.
D) soil, water, sun, and zucchini seeds.
E) soil, water, and sun.

Question 50

If you observe a cell that contains organelles, then that cell is most likely a prokaryote.
__________________

Question 51

A good hypothesis:

A) can be proven to be true.
B) is falsifiable.
C) can only be tested once.
D) is a statement of fact.
E) represents important conclusions.

Question 52

Explain the importance of information transfer in living systems, and include three specific examples.

Question 53

Which statement concerning a scientific theory is FALSE?

A) It may suggest practical applications.
B) It predicts new facts.
C) It is based on a number of hypotheses.
D) It is unchangeable.
E) It is supported by many observations.

Question 54

The ultimate source of genetic variation within a population is:

A) mutations in DNA.
B) adaptation of a species to environmental changes.
C) homeostatic mechanisms that compensate for environmental changes.
D) a sensory system that can detect an environmental change.
E) a system of locomotion that allows an organism to escape environmental changes.

Question 55

In Darwin's theory of evolution, adaptation involves changes in:

A) genes.
B) individuals.
C) populations.
D) communities.
E) ecosystems.

Question 56

In an experiment, the control group:

A) disproves the theory.
B) proves the hypothesis.
C) proves the prediction.
D) does not contain the variable being tested.
E) is similar to the test group in all aspects including the variable being tested.

Question 57

Identify two adaptations in different living organisms and use natural selection to explain how each may have logically evolved.

Question 58

The organism in the accompanying figure can be classified as:

A) a bird.
B) a reptile.
C) a prokaryote.
D) a protista.
E) a mammal.

Question 59

Figure 1-1
Use the figure to answer the corresponding question(s).
Sequence A in Figure 1-1 represents:

A) a hypothesis.
B) the experimental group.
C) the control group.
D) a sampling error.
E) a deduction.

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT a concept or term related to evolution?

A) adaptation
B) genetic mutation
C) cellular respiration
D) gene pool
E) natural selection

Question 61

Similar orders are placed in the same class.
__________________

Question 62

The term development refers to all the changes that occur during the life cycle of an organism.__________________

Question 63

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
changes occuring during the life of an organism

Question 64

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
in Darwin's theory, this involves changes in populations not individuals

Question 65

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
a balanced internal environment

Question 66

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
capturing energy from food molecules

Question 67

Match the group of organisms with the correct phrase or example:
a.protists
d.bacteria
b.plants
e.animals
c.fungi
prokaryotes

Question 68

The scientific name for coffee is Coffea arabica.From this information you know that the species name is arabica.
__________________

Question 69

Match the group of organisms with the correct phrase or example:
a.protists
d.bacteria
b.plants
e.animals
c.fungi
algae

Question 70

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
a characteristic that enhances survival

Question 71

MATCHING
Match the term with its the phrase that best describes it.
a.sessile
d.adaptation
b.cellular respiration
e.homeostasis
c.development
immobile

Question 72

The two domains of prokaryotes are Bacteria and Fungi.
__________________

Question 73

A falsifiable hypothesis cannot be tested.
__________________

Question 74

Match the group of organisms with the correct phrase or example:
a.protists
d.bacteria
b.plants
e.animals
c.fungi
oak trees

Question 75

Systems biology is also called integrative biology.
__________________

Question 76

When an organism reproduces asexually, it produces offspring that are genetically variable.
__________________

Question 77

Match the group of organisms with the correct phrase or example:
a.protists
d.bacteria
b.plants
e.animals
c.fungi
humans

Question 78

Match the group of organisms with the correct phrase or example:
a.protists
d.bacteria
b.plants
e.animals
c.fungi
molds

Question 79

When you use deductive reasoning you draw conclusions from specific observations.
__________________

Question 80

When you change your view of reality you are making a paradigm shift.
__________________