Deck 12: Probation, Parole, and Reentry

Question 1

Describe significant court cases that have had an impact on the practice of probation and parole.

Answer 1

The following are the three important court cases that have an impact on the performance of probation and parole :
S.N vs., C.F (2006):
Police officers might carry out a warrantless explore of person who is subject to a parole search condition, even when there is no suspicion of criminal offense and even when the only reason for the investigate is that the individual is on parole.
G.F vs., W.S (1987):
Police officials will conduct investigation on a probationer's home without the requirement for a probable cause or search warrant.
M.S vs., M.P (1984):
A probationer's incriminating report to a probation official can be used as evidence in opposition to him or her if the probationers do not purposely claim a right against self-incrimination.

Question 2

What do probation and parole officers do? What role do probation officers play in the sentencing of convicted offenders?

Answer 2

The following are the duties of parole and probation officer :
Presentence investigation :
Study the offender's background to offer the sentencing judge with essentials required to make a reasonable sentencing verdict.
Intake procedure:
Intake procedure will engage a dispute settlement procedure, during which the probation official works with the defendant and the victim to verify the complaint before sentencing. Intake duties inclined to be more general for juvenile offender than they are for adults, but all official will ultimately have to recommend to the judge the best sentencing alternative for a certain case.
Diagnosis and requirements assessment :
The psychological inventory of the parole or probation client may be done either with formal written tests administrated by certified psychologists or through informal arrangement, which usually depends on the observational skillfulness of the officer.
Need assessment extend past the psychological obligation of the client to a cataloging of the service essential for a successful experience of probation or parole.
Client supervision :
Client supervision of sentenced probationers is the most dynamic stage of the parole or probation procedure, concerning months of periodic meeting between the officer and the client and on enduring estimation of the success of the probation or parole endeavor in each case.
Parole and probation officials face the requirement to stabilize two conflicting set of duties which are as follows:
• One of which is to offer quasi social work services
• The other of which is to control custodial tasks

Question 3

What are intermediate sanctions? How do they differ from more traditional forms of sentencing? What advantages do they offer?

Answer 3

Intermediate sanction :
Intermediate sanction is a phrase used in the rule enacted by the U.S. internal revenue service that is appropriate to nonprofit companies who are occupied in transactions that inure the advantage of an ineligible person within the firm.
Intermediate sanction includes the utilization of split sentencing, society service, intensive supervision, shock parole or probation or home incarceration in lieu of other traditional sanctions such as fine and imprisonment.
The following are the distinct benefits of intermediate sanction:
• Intermediate sanctions are not expensive to manage per offender than imprisonment.
• They are communally cost efficient as they keep the offender in the society, avoiding both the breakup of the family and the stigmatization that accompanies imprisonment.
• They offer elasticity in terms of resources, place of service, and times of involvement.

Question 4

How are probation and parole changing? What does the future hold for them?

Question 5

What is probation? How did it develop? What purpose does it serve?

Question 6

What significance does the contemporary concept of prisoner reentry hold for today's corrections administrators? For society? How do the terms reentry and parole differ?

Question 7

What is parole? How do probation and parole differ? How are they alike?

Question 8

What corrections philosophy originally supported the idea of indeterminate sentencing and parole? Does that philosophy still have merit today? Why or why not?

Question 9

List and explain the advantages and disadvantages of probation and parole.

Question 10

Do you believe, as some do, that traditional parole has been a failure? Explain.