Deck 6: Somatoform and Dissociative Disorders

Question 1

When a person has pseudo-neurological symptoms almost exclusively, his/her somatoform disorder is identified as

A)conversion disorder.
B)pseudosomatic.
C)psychosomatic disorder.
D)conversion conclusion.

Answer 1

conversion disorder.

Question 2

Somatic symptom disorders can involve excessive the consequences of various physical symptoms.

A)transformation of
B)trauma with
C)preoccupation with
D)compensation for

Answer 2

preoccupation with

Question 3

People with conversion disorder experience motor or sensory problems that a neurological or medical disorder.

A)cause
B)exacerbate
C)suggest
D)predispose

Answer 3

suggest

Question 4

Medically unexplained symptoms, not part of another mental disorder, are referred to as

A)dysfunctional somatization.
B)presenting somatization.
C)functional somatization.
D)psychosomatic somatization.

Question 5

Psychodynamic theorists used to believe that that an adult severely neglected as a child may

A)relate to others with difficulty.
B)seek attention through constant physical complaints.
C)channel distress into desiring medically unexplained sensorimotor symptoms.
D)a psychodynamic theorist would view all of these as possibilities if an adult were a severely neglected child.

Question 6

A person with a somatic symptom disorder experiences

A)physical symptoms with a physical cause.
B)psychological symptoms with a physical cause.
C)psychological symptoms without a physical cause.
D)physical symptoms without a physical cause.

Question 7

In the Gisela case from your text, Gisela expressed fear that

A)something was really wrong with her.
B)she was crazy.
C)people would misunderstand her.
D)she would have an unusual diagnosis.

Question 8

People with extreme somatization may have a(n)

A)dissociative identity disorder.
B)somatic symptom disorder.
C)uncertain prognosis.
D)psychophysical trauma.

Question 9

Sally has been complaining about extreme and continual back pain and dizziness with loss of balance, but no physical causes have been discovered with elaborate medical testing.If she has no physical cause of these problems, she most likely has a

A)somatization syndrome.
B)dissociative disorder.
C)hysterical disorder.
D)somatoform disorder.

Question 10

Ricardo complains of a lot of stomach pain.It turns out that he does have an ulcer, and his doctor suspects the ulcer has been brought on by his high-stress job.Ricardo has a(n) disorder.

A)somatic symptom
B)psychosomatic
C)conversion
D)factitious

Question 11

Physical symptoms associated with somatization disorder are often quite , and a person usually seeks treatment from different places over several years.

A)severe
B)vague
C)personal
D)recreational

Question 12

Mara seeks medical attention because her lack of a sex drive is causing strife in her relationship.Her doctor does an assessment and determines that Mara has depression.Mara's lack of sex drive is an example of

A)functional somatization.
B)presenting somatization.
C)phantom pain.
D)malingering.

Question 13

The distinction between functional and presenting somatization is that

A)functional designates major dysfunction, presenting does not.
B)functional is not part of another mental disorder and presenting is.
C)they acknowledge severity from lesser to greater.
D)one is organic and the other is psychological.

Question 14

A tendency to communicate distress through physical symptoms and to pursue medical help for the symptoms is

A)somatoform.
B)dissociative.
C)somatization.
D)dissociation.

Question 15

Historically, somatoform and dissociative disorders were seen as , but now they are considered disorders.

A)unrelated; related
B)dissimilar; similar
C)related; distinct
D)less serious; more serious

Question 16

Which symptom of somatic symptom disorder tends to be most severe?

A)General aches and pain
B)Lack of sex drive
C)Nausea and vomiting
D)Paralysis

Question 17

When someone has many different physical symptoms before the age of 30, typically seeks multiple treatments, suffers impairment, and has negative medical testing, he/she could be diagnosed with

A)somatopsychosis.
B)somatic symptom disorder.
C)attentional need disorder.
D)dissociative hysteria.

Question 18

People with somatic symptom disorder most commonly complain of

A)pain in an area of the body difficult to assess.
B)burning sensations in an area of the body difficult to assess.
C)pain in an area of the body easy to assess.
D)tenderness in an area of the body easy to assess.

Question 19

Bolton is under a great deal of pressure at work to produce a grant proposal.He develops paralysis in his hands from the wrist down through the fingers that prevents him from typing and writing the proposal.Bolton doesn't rush to seek medical attention, but when his wife insists, the physician finds no medical explanation for the paralysis after extensive testing.The physician may diagnose Bolton with

A)somatic symptom disorder.
B)illness anxiety disorder.
C)factitious disorder.
D)conversion disorder.

Question 20

Symptoms that are experienced by those with somatic symptom disorder are

A)fake or acted.
B)distorted for sympathy.
C)real physical symptoms.
D)body mind reactions.

Question 21

The deliberate production of physical or psychological symptoms is characteristic of

A)pain disorder.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)anxiety disorder.
D)factitious disorder.

Question 22

The mean prevalence rate of hypochondrias/illness anxiety disorder in the general population is reportedly about

A)12%.
B)27%.
C)4.8%.
D)2.5%.

Question 23

Adam's parents take him to the doctor because he has been emitting some strange behaviors lately--falling to the ground, twitching, appearing to lose consciousness.The doctor does some testing and finds no electrical disruptions in Adam's brain, but is persuaded that Adam is not faking.Adam's physician indicates that this behavior is

A)an illness anxiety disorder.
B)malingering.
C)autosuggestibility.
D)a pseudoseizure.

Question 24

Malingering of false symptoms is aimed at

A)external motivation such as avoidance or exploitation.
B)keeping one's status level elevated.
C)excusing away imperfections by rationalization.
D)hanging around looking like you are up to no good.

Question 25

After extensive negative medical testing, Woody is still convinced that he has a brain tumor clouding his vision that may lead to his demise.He may be suffering from

A)catastrophizing disorder.
B)illness anxiety disorder.
C)somatodistinctive disorder.
D)hysterical disorders.

Question 26

People with unexplained medical symptoms, such as those with chronic fatigue syndrome, often face blame or dismissal from others who attribute their symptoms to emotional problems.This may result in

A)depression.
B)pain disorder.
C)stigmatization.
D)depersonalization.

Question 27

What is a key difference between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder?

A)People with somatic symptom disorder complain about their symptoms in vague terms
B)People with illness anxiety disorder have few thoughts about having an illness
C)People with somatic symptom disorder rarely visit medical doctors
D)People with illness anxiety disorder must not display autosuggestibility as part of the disorder

Question 28

Because psychological conditions are greatly stigmatized in non-Western countries, there is more emphasis on physical symptoms or increased tendency toward

A)somatization in these cultures.
B)multiple disorder diagnosis.
C)less recognition of actual causation.
D)minimizing symptom reporting.

Question 29

Larry has been reporting false symptoms, both physical and psychological.On occasion, he will induce nausea intentionally by ingesting raw eggs and vinegar.This behavior is consistent with

A)somatization sympathy seeking.
B)an illness wish.
C)factitious disorder.
D)self-depreciation and malingering.

Question 30

Biological risk factors for somatic symptom disorders are

A)both genetic and brain-related.
B)primarily genetic.
C)hormonal.
D)neurotransmitter-related.

Question 31

When people undergo limb amputation, and still report pain in that limb, a condition known as may exist.

A)body pain disorder
B)phantom pain
C)hypochondriasis
D)psychosomatic pain disorder

Question 32

Jason is preoccupied with having some serious disease that may explain general body changes.He may receive a diagnosis of

A)illness anxiety disorder.
B)body dysmorphic disorder.
C)conversion disorder.
D)somatic symptom disorder.

Question 33

Lara's son is constantly ill.While she is by her son's bedside in the hospital, one of the nurses observes Lara injecting her son with a solution that is causing his illness.Lara may have

A)Munchauesen syndrome.
B)Munchauesen syndrome by proxy.
C)malingering.
D)malingering by proxy.

Question 34

Which disorder has the highest prevalence rate?

A)Somatic symptom disorder
B)Illness anxiety disorder
C)Conversion disorder
D)All of these disorders have similar prevalence rates

Question 35

The prevalence of illness anxiety disorder for medical inpatient populations is its prevalence for the general population; the prevalence of somatic symptom disorder for medical inpatient populations is its prevalence for the general population.

A)equal to; higher than
B)higher than; equal to
C)equal to; equal to
D)higher than; higher than

Question 36

Researchers have found that somatic symptom disorders cluster among

A)male family members.
B)female family members.
C)neighborhoods.
D)cultures.

Question 37

Across cultures, the most commonly reported somatic symptoms are

A)muscle cramps and headaches.
B)gastrointestinal and strange skin sensations.
C)convulsions and twitches.
D)joint pain and tremors.

Question 38

Jamahle has an overactive amygdala, which may increase his risk for developing a somatic symptom disorder.What type of risk factor is this?

A)Brain change
B)Genetic
C)Cognitive
D)Cultural

Question 39

Somatic symptoms appear to be related to

A)free will, low motivation, and craving for attention.
B)delusions, older age, and vivid imagination.
C)impulsivity, overreaction, and lower IQ.
D)being female, lower education, and physical disability.

Question 40

Which of the following is TRUE regarding conversion disorder?

A)Pseudoseizures are a possible symptom of conversion disorder.
B)Conversion disorder refers to worry about having a severe illness.
C)Those with conversion disorder must not show la belle indifference.
D)Symptoms in a conversion disorder are not real but rather faked by a person.

Question 41

Some theorists believe that somatic symptom disorders result from changes in

A)perception.
B)control.
C)attention.
D)all of these may affect somatic symptom disorder development.

Question 42

Two problem areas in somatic symptom disorder causation are

A)erratic breathing and chest pain.
B)sensory misperception and overattending to minor body changes.
C)delusions of stroke or heart attack.
D)inappropriate focus and obsessive fantasy.

Question 43

Genetics likely play a(n) role in explaining somatic symptom disorders.

A)large
B)moderate
C)limited
D)unrelated

Question 44

Sylvia enjoys and appreciates the attention and sympathy she receives when she complains of pain and discomfort. As a somatic symptom disorder risk factor, this would be considered an example of

A)cognitive support.
B)reinforcement.
C)obligation deviation.
D)self-indulgence.

Question 45

Some individuals who live in a part of the world plagued by warfare and massacre might tend to show somatic symptoms such as blindness as an adaptive way to signal to others that they are not a threat.This type of explanation for a conversion disorder's occurrence is considered in nature.

A)cognitive
B)evolutionary
C)biological
D)behavioral

Question 46

Some people may find it easier to concentrate on minor bodily changes than a major life stressor such as

A)marital conflict.
B)financial troubles.
C)academic failure.
D)all of these are major life stressors.

Question 47

Biological evidence suggests that people with somatic symptom disorders have brain changes that lead to

A)distractibility.
B)tendency to acclimate to continuous stimuli.
C)enhanced cognitive functioning.
D)all of these are associated with somatic symptom disorders.

Question 48

The unconscious use of physical symptoms to reduce psychological distress would be an example of

A)primary gain.
B)secondary gain.
C)tertiary gain.
D)psychosomatic gain.

Question 49

Changes that occur in the may help explain why many somatic complaints tend to be on the left side of the body.

A)thalamus
B)midbrain
C)left hemisphere
D)right hemisphere

Question 50

In people with somatic symptom disorders, there is a disruption occurring in communications between the and the ____.

A)brain; body
B)head; biology
C)limbs; brain
D)nervous system; endocrine system

Question 51

Receiving social reinforcement for somatic complaints may be referred to as

A)primary gain.
B)tertiary gain.
C)secondary gain.
D)psychosomatic gain.

Question 52

Cognitive factors related to somatic symptom disorders include

A)over concern for minor symptoms and faking illness.
B)psychological attribution such as stress.
C)illness attributions and somatosensory awareness.
D)physiological numbness and insensitivity.

Question 53

In people with somatic symptom disorder, decreased blood flow may occur in areas of the and other areas of the brain that are related to loss of sensory and motor functions as seen in conversion disorder.

A)prefrontal cortex
B)hypothalamus
C)occipital lobe
D)hindbrain

Question 54

Youths with somatic symptom disorder are often , and their parents are of socioeconomic status and education level.

A)male; upper
B)female; upper
C)male; lower
D)female; lower

Question 55

Environmental risk factors are likely to affect people with somatoform disorders, especially those preoccupied with

A)sexuality.
B)social status.
C)disease.
D)academic standing.

Question 56

Neuroimaging evidence indicates the possibility of related to somatic symptom disorders.

A)neurotransmitter disruptions
B)ventricle enlargement with tissue atrophy
C)blood-flow changes in certain brain areas
D)multiple small tremors

Question 57

Stressful life events relate closely to the of conversion disorder symptoms.

A)type
B)formation
C)exacerbation
D)severity

Question 58

Ronda has a somatic symptom disorder.She complains constantly of headaches, but no medical explanation can be found.In fact, Ronda's head does not actually hurt, but she interprets any sensation in her head as a headache and sign of a serious medical problem.This is an example of the role of in causing a somatic symptom disorder.Some people with somatoform disorder misinterpret sensory experiences as real and dangerous symptoms of a serious medical problem.

A)misperception
B)conceptualization
C)overcontrol
D)inattention

Question 59

Key aspects of the brain that are related to somatic symptom disorders include all of the following EXCEPT the

A)amygdala and limbic system.
B)hypothalamus and cingulate.
C)prefrontal and somatosensory cortices.
D)medulla and pons.

Question 60

Illness behavior is a key concept of somatic symptom disorders.Which of the following is NOT a type of illness behavior as described in the textbook?

A)Resting in bed
B)Seeing a physician
C)Practicing la belle indifference
D)Taking medication

Question 61

With regard to somatic symptom disorder outcomes, as with all mental disorders,

A)it is completely random as to how a person responds.
B)the more severe the symptoms, the more difficult the treatment.
C)the more subtle the symptoms, the more elusive the cause.
D)the more comorbidity, the better.

Question 62

When a person is encouraged to re-examine inaccurate statements to challenge troubling thoughts, the therapy method being used is

A)instant-driven realism.
B)mentor-based reeducation.
C)cognitive therapy.
D)behavioral-cognitive therapy.

Question 63

Interview questions given to someone like Gisela with a possible somatic symptom disorder should involve a detailed history of and problems.

A)physical; psychological
B)psychological; psychosocial
C)psychosomatic; academic
D)medical; nonmedical

Question 64

Limiting the number of times a person can monitor physical symptoms, check some perceived flaw, groom themselves, or engage in some other access behavior is known as

A)response prevention.
B)cognitive assessment.
C)contingency conversion.
D)psychosomatic revision.

Question 65

Typical assessment techniques for somatic symptom disorder should include

A)psychoanalysis.
B)interviews, questionnaires, and personality assessment.
C)expert testimony, projective tests, and physical exam.
D)direct and indirect questioning and functional analysis.

Question 66

Researchers who prefer to include a personality assessment as part of their screening for a somatic symptom disorder should consider using the

A)International Diagnostic Checklist.
B)Screening for Somatoform Disorders (SOMS).
C)Myers-Briggs.
D)MMPI.

Question 67

Exposure, response prevention, and cognitive therapy helped of people with illness anxiety disorder show meaningful improvement.

A)10%
B)25%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 68

When contingency management is used to modify the reinforcement of an individual, we are performing

A)behavior therapy.
B)cognitive therapy.
C)cognitive-behavioral therapy.
D)institutionalization.

Question 69

Approximately of people with illness anxiety disorders continue to show symtpoms over a long period.

A)50-70%
B)10-30%
C)25-50%
D)5-10%

Question 70

Regarding the prevention of somatic symptom disorders,

A)there are no recommendations available.
B)relating somatic symptom disorders to other disorders has been successful.
C)widespread institutionalization is common.
D)identifying and addressing risk factors early on is important.

Question 71

Which of the following is NOT a screening instrument for possible somatic symptom disorders?

A)Screening for Somatoform Disorders
B)Cognitions about Body and Health Questionnaire
C)Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behavior
D)Wechsler Conversion Disorder Scale

Question 72

The most common medications for treating persons with somatic symptom disorder has been

A)selective serotonergic reuptake inhibitors.
B)tricyclics.
C)antipsychotics.
D)MAO inhibitors.

Question 73

Strategies to prevent the development of somatic symptom disorders may include

A)educating children and parents about dangerous and nondangerous physical symptoms.
B)attending to serious but not common bodily changes.
C)helping youths cope with traumatic events and related mental disorders.
D)all of these are strategies to prevent somatic symptom disorder development.

Question 74

A cognitive therapist would help a client with illness anxiety disorder

A)discuss evidence for and against the disease belief.
B)ruminate as a way of overcoming the disorder.
C)understand with 100% certainty that he or she is not ill.
D)learn to suppress thoughts about diseases.

Question 75

A severe factitious disorder in which a person causes symptoms and claims he has a physical or mental disorder is

A)malingering.
B)somatoform.
C)Munchhausen syndrome.
D)psychosomatic illness.

Question 76

Educating children and parents about dangerous and nondangerous physical symptoms, attending to serious but not common bodily changes, helping youths cope with traumatic events and related mental disorders, ensuring adequate and competent healthcare, and practicing anxiety management are designed to help prevent

A)anxiety disorders.
B)somatic symptom disorders.
C)schizophrenia.
D)dissociative disorders.

Question 77

Upon suspicion of a somatic symptom disorder, one should

A)consult a psychologist.
B)seek a full medical and psychological examination.
C)hide any problems due to stigma.
D)rely on a trusted, uneducated friend.

Question 78

Much work remains regarding somatic symptom disorder medications because most drug studies in this area have not included

A)experimental groups.
B)cross-cultural participants.
C)control groups.
D)medical diagnosis.

Question 79

Somatic symptom disorders can be quite distressing and often greatly interfere with one's ability to accomplish

A)complex undertakings.
B)simple tasks.
C)academic achievement.
D)job satisfaction.

Question 80

Paul is assessing someone with a somatic symptom disorder.He has a list of questions he asks, and he needs to ask them in a particular order to align to the protocol for it.Paul asks questions about early experiences as well as more recent ones, and all answers are rated on a scale.Paul is using which assessment method?

A)Structured interview
B)Questionnaire
C)Personality assessment
D)Unstructured interview