Deck 10: Victims of Rapes and Other Sexual Assaults

Question 1

Aggravated assault results in serious injuries or involves attacks or threats of harm with a deadly weapon.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Almost 45% of victims say the individual who robbed them was a complete stranger.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Profiles are developed to show changes that occur over extended periods of time.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Sharp increases in crime rates over several consecutive years are commonly known as crime waves.

Question 5

Lower-income people fall into a low-risk group of murder, while affluent people are in a higher-risk group.

Question 6

The highest murder rates occur in Northern Europe and East Asia.

Question 7

The likelihood of experiencing a crime in the course of one's lifetime is known as one's "cumulative risk."

Question 8

Most murders can be characterized as young adults slaying other relatively young persons.

Question 9

Incidence rates measure the number of new victims per 1,000 or per 100,000 persons annually and thereby reveal the risks that average people face.

Question 10

A key determinant of the murder rate in any country is the proportion of the population made up of young women.

Question 11

Robbery always results in serious wounds or involves attacks with a deadly weapon.

Question 12

Robbery is thought to be a big-city problem, and this is confirmed by the data.

Question 13

During 2012, 90 people were killed and 118 were injured in mass shootings.

Question 14

The murder rate varies substantially by geographic location.

Question 15

Aggravated or felonious assaults outnumber the other serious interpersonal crimes of violence (murders, rapes, and robberies) monitored by the UCR every year.

Question 16

Lifetime likelihoods are estimates of the differential risks of victimization over a lifetime.

Question 17

A continuous drop in the lethality of assaults since 1960 can be primarily attributed to advances in emergency medicine.

Question 18

The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) keeps records of the annual number of aggravated assaults, while the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) does not.

Question 19

The Investigative Assistance for Violent Crimes Act of 2013 authorizes the U.S.Department of Justice to look into attempted mass killings in public places.

Question 20

In order for a theft to be considered a robbery, the offender must be in possession of a weapon.

Question 21

Which of the following groups experiences robbery at a higher rate than any other demographic group?

A) Affluent elderly women
B) White middle-aged men
C) Single white males
D) Young black men

Question 22

In lone-offender/single-victim killings solved in 2016, which of the following percentage of black victims were killed by black offenders?

A) 72%
B) 83%
C) 91%
D) 99%

Question 23

Among the largest United States cities, which one had the distinction of being the homicide capital of the U.S.in 2016?

A) Boston
B) Detroit
C) St.Louis
D) New York

Question 24

Which of the following is true about robberies in the United States between 1973 and 2016?

A) The rate of robberies rose dramatically.
B) The rate of robberies fell dramatically.
C) Conflicting definitions of "robbery" make it impossible to define trends.
D) There was virtually no change in the rate of robberies.

Question 25

Which of the following sources published data on international victimization rates publicly in the past but no longer does?

A) The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Control's surveys of its member law enforcement agencies
B) The European Union's annual European Sourcebook of Crime and Criminal Justice Statistics
C) The International Police Organization (Interpol)'s public postings of information on crimes
D) The International Crime Victim Survey, which generated statistics for most European countries

Question 26

In the United States, which of the following are the peak years of risk for being a victim of homicide?

A) The teenage years
B) The early 20s
C) The early 30s
D) The late 50s

Question 27

Which of the following kinds of risks indicate the comparative odds of an unwanted event happening to members of various social demographic groups?

A) Potential
B) Differential
C) Referential
D) Cumulative

Question 28

Which of the following rates provides the number of new victims per 1,000?

A) Nonincidence rate
B) Prevalence rate
C) Incidence rate
D) All of these rates are correct.

Question 29

Which of the following is addressed by a victim-centered analysis of homicide?

A) Groups of people victimized most often
B) How the victim was killed
C) Whether the victim provoked the murder
D) All of these variables are correct.

Question 30

From 1993 to 2016, how did differences in victimization rates for robbery relate to economic status?

A) Increased slightly
B) Increased dramatically
C) No changes at all
D) Narrowed considerably

Question 31

In the United States, about how many individuals out of every 1,000 over the age of 11 were robbed in 2013?

A) 2
B) 20
C) 200
D) 39

Question 32

The UCR's Supplementary Homicide Reports (SHR) does NOT include information about which of the following?

A) How the victim was killed
B) What the victim's age, sex, and race were
C) Whether the offender was convicted or not
D) Whether the victim knew the offender or not

Question 33

Approximately which of the following percentage of robbery victims were wounded in 2016?

A) 25%
B) 40%
C) 15%
D) 50%

Question 34

Which of the following is recognizable within a victimization rate when one category suffers significantly more than another?

A) Correction
B) Pattern
C) Correlation
D) Profile

Question 35

SHR statistics indicate which of the following victim demographics as a crucial determinant for the risk of being murdered?

A) Age
B) Sex
C) Race
D) Socioeconomic status

Question 36

Which of the following provide an estimate of the number of people per 1000 who have ever experienced some event?

A) Prevalence rates
B) Incidence rates
C) Cumulative rates
D) Differential rates

Question 37

Killings arising from clashes between rival juvenile gangs accounted for nearly which of the following percentage of all murders in the United States during 2015?

A) 9%
B) 19%
C) 25%
D) 30%

Question 38

When murder rates in various countries are analyzed, higher rates tend to be associated with which of the following?

A) The treatment of women.
B) Great economic inequality.
C) The average age of the population.
D) The country's climate.

Question 39

Robbers may hurt their victims for a number of reasons.Which of the following is true?

A) They are seeking to intimidate the victim.
B) They are showing off to accomplices.
C) They experience a loss of self-control.
D) They may do so for any of these reasons.

Question 40

How is family income correlated with risks of being robbed?

A) Positively
B) Negatively
C) Inconsistently
D) Not correlated

Question 41

Discuss the prevalence of burglaries in general and residential burglaries in particular, including their psychological impact and recent statistics and their interpretation.Summarize the overall trend in burglaries from the 1970s-1980s to 2016, including statistics.

Question 42

Data from the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program and the US Bureau of Justice Statistics' National Crime Victimization Surveys (NCVS) confirm long-held suspicions that certain groups of people are much more likely to be victimized.Characterize the groups that are more likely to be a victim of murder, aggravated assault, and robbery.

Question 43

Statistics project that roughly three out of every four people will probably be assaulted at least once in their lifetime.However, this prediction may seem less alarming when we consider which of the following?

A) It includes failed attempts to inflict physical injury.
B) It does not include unfulfilled threats of bodily harm.
C) It refers to serious injuries rather than minor scuffles.
D) It does not apply to violent assaults within families.

Question 44

Which of the following are typically the most attractive dwellings for burglars?

A) Apartments
B) Single-family homes
C) Condominiums
D) Multi-family homes

Question 45

Contrast annual victimization rates with lifetime likelihoods and explain how this contrast affects perceptions, both of individual risk and of crime as a social problem.Also, distinguish between prevalence rates and lifetime likelihoods.What is one variable that can affect the accuracy of lifetime likelihood projections?

Question 46

If you wanted to calculate a projection of your lifetime likelihood of experiencing a crime, which of the following would you be estimating?

A) Incidence rates
B) Prevalence rates
C) Cumulative risks
D) Differential risks

Question 47

What is the projected estimate for future robberies in the US population? How is this broken down by number of times a victim will be robbed? What are the differential risks by sex and race? Provide percentages and a general interpretation.

Question 48

Which of the following is true about the crime of motor vehicle theft?

A) It does not include attempted vehicle thefts.
B) It is a more common crime than larceny.
C) It is a more common crime than burglaries.
D) It is commoner than serious violent crimes.

Question 49

Research has projected cumulative risks of over 70% for one burglary or break-in attempt per home.This statistic is better informed by considering which of the following?

A) These were based on relatively low burglary rates in the 1990s and 2000s.
B) These were based on relatively high burglary rates in the 1970s and 1980s.
C) These were based on crimes over a lifetime of 60 years starting at age 12.
D) These were based on crimes against individuals, not against households.

Question 50

Motor vehicle thefts impact nearly 5 out of 1,000 households in the United States, according to the NCVS.Some people consider this a "happy crime" with no losers.Why do they think this? Are they correct?