Deck 6: Empires in Early Modern Asia, 1650–1837

Question 1

Wang Duan's poem to her aunt symbolized

A)respect for an elder.
B)an attempt to be appointed to an important court position.
C)the deep emotional attachment that could exist between women.
D)Confucian respect for family members.
E)the need for women to marry into wealthy and prestigious families.

Answer 1

the deep emotional attachment that could exist between women.

Question 2

The Qing rulers used all of these methods to consolidate their power EXCEPT

A)encouraging intermarriage between Manchu and Chinese.
B)establishing Confucianism as the official state ideology.
C)bringing Chinese scholar-officials into the imperial bureaucracy.
D)keeping the examination system.
E)governing ministries with Chinese and Manchu officials.

Answer 2

encouraging intermarriage between Manchu and Chinese.

Question 3

At its largest territorial extent,Qing China included all the following areas EXCEPT

A)Manchuria.
B)Central Asia.
C)Tibet.
D)Taiwan.
E)Japan.

Answer 3

Japan.

Question 4

Why did the Manchu refuse to engage in footbinding for their daughters?

A)They resisted all aspects of ancient Chinese traditions.
B)They wanted their daughters to be considered desirable marriage partners.
C)Their wives resisted the practice.
D)They trained their daughters to honor their husbands and saw no need to bind their feet.
E)They needed their daughters to be able to ride horses and do physical labor.

Question 5

Which of these countries was not interested in imperialist expansion in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

A)England
B)Russia
C)Japan
D)China
E)Mughal India

Question 6

What may have contributed to the increased practice of footbinding in China?

A)The rise of Confucian beliefs about keeping women at home
B)The increasing fears about western influence in China
C)The rise of new ideas about marriage and gender
D)The declining number of female babies born
E)The increased roles of women working at home in textile production

Question 7

How did the Manchu deal with the steppe nomads?

A)The Manchu negotiated a peace with them.
B)The Manchu supported a rival to the Dalai Lama who gave China his loyalty.
C)China moved the steppe to Russian-controlled territory.
D)The Manchu ordered the slaughter of steppe women and children.
E)Qianlong sent a tribute mission to the Zunghars.

Question 8

Qianlong abdicated his throne because he

A)was in danger from court intrigues.
B)was captured by former Ming supporters.
C)was overthrown by his son.
D)wanted to spend the remainder of his years in a Buddhist temple.
E)did not want to exceed the reign of his grandfather Kangxi.

Question 9

Qing emperor Kangxi achieved

A)the suppression of the Japanese.
B)population stability.
C)increase in agricultural production.
D)portrayal of the emperor as a religious leader.
E)an export market in the Americas for Chinese peppers and other staples.

Question 10

Referring to Map 20.1,"The Qing Empire,1644?1783," all of these countries were principal tributary states EXCEPT

A)Japan
B)Nepal
C)Bhutan
D)Burma
E)Laos

Question 11

What was true of pre-Qing Manchu?

A)The Manchu came from a predominately agricultural society.
B)Chinese culture never impacted the Manchu.
C)The Chinese resisted any attempts to create relations with the Manchu.
D)As an ally of Russia, the Manchu were able to increase their military power.
E)Manchu power grew when Mongol and Chinese generals allied themselves with the Qing.

Question 12

What is an example of the Qing use of diplomacy to impose control?

A)They replaced Tibetan monks with Qing monks.
B)They relied on tribute missions.
C)They invited non-Han groups living on the margins of Chinese society to negotiate a peace treaty.
D)They denied conquered territories any form of political autonomy.
E)They used threat of violence as a diplomatic tool.

Question 13

When Chinese women married,they

A)invited their husbands to move to his wife's village.
B)immediately began to have children.
C)moved in with the husband's family and came under the authority of mothers-in-law.
D)began to engage in the intricate work of embroidering.
E)promised to give birth to sons, not daughters.

Question 14

What part of Manchu culture was imposed on the Chinese?

A)Manchu language
B)Queue
C)Manchu Buddhism
D)Assimilation through forced marriages between noble families
E)Hunting, camping, and horsemanship

Question 15

Which of these statements about Roy is true?

A)Roy recognized the value of religious rites such as suti.
B)Roy passionately defended all aspects of Hinduism.
C)Roy was born in China.
D)Roy became a leader of the Bengal Renaissance.
E)The Mughal emperor stripped Roy of his title as Raja.

Question 16

Qianlong ruled Qing China for

A)only two years.
B)five years.
C)twenty-five years.
D)sixty years.
E)less than six months.

Question 17

The presence of the British East India Company in India represented a tremendous new phase in history because it challenged which great land-based empire?

A)Ming
B)Safavid
C)Ottoman
D)Mughal
E)Byzantine

Question 18

The accomplishments of the Qing emperor Yongzheng included

A)sponsorship of an 800,000-page encyclopedia.
B)use of the military to enforce Qing tax laws.
C)promotion of religion in the government.
D)a decrease in taxes.
E)the reallocation of taxation more heavily toward the gentry.

Question 19

Why did Rammohun Roy want to see an English-language college established in Calcutta?

A)He feared imprisonment if he did not support the efforts of the British.
B)He associated English with science, inquiry, and liberty.
C)He hoped to win favor with leading British intellectuals.
D)He thought it would placate the British so they would leave other local traditions intact.
E)He sought a position as leader of the new college.

Question 20

Why did Rammohun Roy seek to reform Hinduism?

A)He thought it had devolved into superstition rather than religion.
B)He said that if it did not become more tolerant, he would have to convert to Buddhism.
C)He believed many Hindus had lost touch with the faith, and he thought fresh ideas would bring them back.
D)He was influenced by the values of eastern religions.
E)His father was a leading advocate of reform.

Question 21

What was China's attitude toward Europeans?

A)The Qing looked upon oceanic trade with great suspicion.
B)The Qing equated European traders with intellectuals and scholars.
C)The Qing granted Europeans diplomatic equality.
D)The Qing openly received emissaries from European nations.
E)The Qing allowed European traders to deal at several pre-assigned port cities.

Question 22

Which territory instigated Russia's conflict with the Ottoman empire?

A)Poland
B)Serbia
C)Caucasus Mountains
D)Crimean peninsula
E)Greece

Question 23

All of these people were part of the Indian cotton trade loop EXCEPT

A)European consumers who wanted the comfort and cheapness of Indian cotton.
B)southeastern merchants who used the silver from European sales to help expand textiles in India.
C)moneylenders who made cash advances to weavers.
D)lower-caste women who were contracted to spin cotton yarn.
E)opium farmers who began to engage in and overtake the Indian cotton trade.

Question 24

What was true regarding Yemelyan Pugachev?

A)He was the legitimate tsar of Russia.
B)As a nobleman, he led a rebellion against landlords.
C)Educated in Europe, he took reforms issues to Catherine.
D)He led a serf rebellion that took the Russian army several years to put down.
E)After escaping to England, he became a leader in the abolition of Russian serfdom.

Question 25

Russian expansion involved

A)the defeat of the Danes in 1721.
B)a victory over Prussia.
C)taking the Mediterranean from Muslim rulers.
D)spreading into the Caucasus Mountains.
E)control of the Baltic Sea.

Question 26

What was true of the Qing's approach to its tributary societies?

A)The Qing wanted to assert cultural superiority over its tributaries. .
B)The Qing required that all documents be produced in a single language.
C)The Qing wanted Manchu emperors to see themselves as Chinese emperors rather than Manchu.
D)The Qing maps included Chinese labels for Chinese provinces and Manchu labels for non-Chinese areas.
E)China was seen as completely separate from the Manchu empire.

Question 27

What was true about the end Qianlong's reign?

A)As he aged, the power of the eunuchs increased, along with petty rivalries at court.
B)His deforestation program proved highly successful.
C)Agricultural technology had advanced to serve the increasing population.
D)The Manchu continued to maintain its legitimacy within China. .
E)Chinese peasants thrived.

Question 28

Referring to the reading,"World History in Today's World: The Train to Tibet," what do critics say about the train to Tibet?

A)They worry about Tibetan cultural superiority.
B)They fear that mineral extraction will upset the environmental balance of the region.
C)They are angry that the jobs created by this project will go to outsiders rather than Tibetans.
D)They believe control of the train and related economic endeavors belongs to the Chinese central government.
E)They are concerned that the Dalia Lama will lose power.

Question 29

The reign of Catherine the Great of Russia was noted for

A)increased power for serfs.
B)the introduction of Western architecture.
C)consolidation of power in the throne.
D)importing fashion and art from the East.
E)political reform.

Question 30

What was the experience of Sikhs during the Aurangzeb administration?

A)The Sikhs demanded for a separate and independent state.
B)Aurangzeb captured the Sikh leader and beheaded him.
C)Aurangzeb prohibited prayers on Fridays.
D)Aurangzeb issued a government decree that Hindus must extend religious toleration to Sikhs.
E)The Sikh formed an alliance with Tibet.

Question 31

Russian control of Siberian fur areas was associated with

A)the use of Cossack mercenary soldiers.
B)major financing by banking houses in Europe.
C)the importation of African slaves.
D)war with the United States over Alaska.
E)Russian expansion into Chinese territory.

Question 32

What was the result of commercial wealth for Aurangzeb?

A)Aurangzeb used the money to build up the military and challenge regional leaders for their wealth.
B)The central government of the Mughals was turned into a dictatorial dynasty.
C)Islam became the national religion of India.
D)Mughal armies expanded outside Indian borders.
E)Local and regional leaders used the wealth to build armies to challenge the centralized government.

Question 33

Frustrated by the structure of Chinese trade,the British government sent ____ to negotiate an exchange of ambassadors.

A)the Macartney  Mission
B)the Nerschink Mission
C)Lord Cornwallis
D)Qianlong Mission
E)the Tributary Mission

Question 34

The principal source of revenue for the Mughal empire was

A)foreign trade.
B)taxes on peasant agriculture.
C)foreign expansion.
D)tributes from defeated kingdoms.
E)taxes on large estates.

Question 35

The foundation for European territorial imperialism in Asia often began with

A)policymakers.
B)military successes.
C)control of the opium trade.
D)company employees who asserted greater local autonomy.
E)the need to suppress local uprisings and damaging rebel attacks.

Question 36

During the reign of Aurangzeb,the most important source of wealth of the Mughal empire was

A)slaves.
B)agriculture, trade, and industry.
C)gold and mineral deposits.
D)territorial expansion.
E)exploration.

Question 37

What was the relationship between China and Russia?

A)The Manchu treated the Russians on equal terms.
B)Conflicts between the two countries were frequent and extremely violent.
C)Steppe nomads allied with Russia and became a danger to China.
D)The two countries could not agree on terms for a trade treaty.
E)The Manchu treated the Russians as an inferior race.

Question 38

Seaborne European empires in Asia were originally geared toward

A)territorial control.
B)commercial profit.
C)exploration.
D)scientific research.
E)expansion of Christianity.

Question 39

With the death of Aurangzeb,India ultimately fell to

A)Iran.
B)England.
C)Afghanistan.
D)the Marathas.
E)regional leaders.

Question 40

Iranian ruler Nader Shah invaded ____ in 1739,hoping to seize control of the country.

A)China
B)Japan
C)Egypt
D)India
E)Russia

Question 41

What undermined Roy's vision of social improvement in India by fusing Hindu,Christian,and Islamic beliefs?

A)A rapidly improving economy
B)Battles between Christians and Hindus
C)Resistance by British officials to such efforts
D)Roy's failing health
E)Increased resentment by Hindus of the intrusion of European beliefs

Question 42

After the sixteenth century,Japan was marked by

A)a degree of isolationism.
B)its status as a tributary of any nation.
C)refusal to become an empire-building nation.
D)independence from any foreign power.
E)its own distinctive political, economic, and cultural systems.

Question 43

To the Japanese,____ was a reference to all western knowledge and a sign of ____.

A)Christianity; cultural intrusion
B)Dutch learning; cultural intrusion
C)Mughal fashion; progress
D)Christian missionaries; European imposition
E)Dutch learning; worldly sophistication

Question 44

The India Act of 1784

A)legalized slavery in India.
B)made India a territory of Britain.
C)restored the Mughal throne.
D)claimed that the inhabitant of any area would benefit by being under English rule.
E)made all Indian Christians citizens of the British empire.

Question 45

What was expected of a samurai warrior?

A)To become an artist in peace time
B)To offer total loyalty to their daimyo lords
C)To resist Confucian treatises
D)To protect women and children first
E)To worshiping the shoguns as their masters

Question 46

Besides the increase in agricultural production,what other sector helped to stimulate economic growth in Japan?

A)Increased trade with the Americas
B)A new tax system based on surveys of land and population
C)A shift away from mining to fishing and lumber
D)A tax system based exclusively on agricultural output
E)Growth of the military

Question 47

The Japanese Seclusion Edicts outlawed

A)European immigration.
B)trade with China and Korea.
C)the books on European science and philosophy.
D)Christianity.
E)exportation of Japanese goods to China.

Question 48

After the insecurity of the sixteenth century,what contributed to increased food production in Japan?

A)Improvements in irrigation
B)Enforcement of its existing system
C)A shift from cities to countryside
D)A decrease in the coinage of silver.
E)Planting corn and wheat, introduced from the Americas

Question 49

To counter trends,he found in opposition to Confucian tradition,the shogun Yoshimune issued edicts emphasizing the

A)importance of loyalty to the emperor.
B)value of self-sufficient farming to the nation.
C)need for frugality and avoidance of unnecessary consumption.
D)need for merchant classes to increase their power and influence.
E)sanctity of the family.

Question 50

Parliament attacked the actions of Clive and Dupleix and compared them to

A)slave cruelty in Virginia and the Carolinas.
B)the crusades.
C)the Spanish slaughter of the Incas in Peru.
D)slave ships.
E)the slave societies of Brazil.

Question 51

What was true of the massive famine of 1769?

A)The famine was caused by monsoon rains.
B)The East India Company fed its own employees but not the Bengalis.
C)Parliament blamed the Indians for causing the famine.
D)Women and children were the last fed and therefore suffered greater levels of starvation.
E)The famine lasted only six months.

Question 52

By 1710,one major problem facing Japan was

A)economic loss of trade.
B)rise in the power of the samurai.
C)ecological.
D)European demand for an open trade policy.
E)religious turmoil between Christianity and Shintoism.

Question 53

The challenges facing Japan after 1710 involved all of these problems EXCEPT

A)overpopulation.
B)increased danger of flooding.
C)insufficient food production.
D)deforestation.
E)war with Vietnam.

Question 54

What is the best example of legal pluralism?

A)The British used British-style jury trials in all legal proceedings.
B)Indian litigants could only pursue their cases in British courts with British judges.
C)The British hired Muslims and Hindu legal experts to explain the English legal system to Indians.
D)Indian litigants could have their cases tried in local or British courts, with their own legal customs applied.
E)Indians could not serve on juries or act as judges.

Question 55

Which statement about Japan is FALSE?

A)Japan opted out of the empire-building game for centuries.
B)Japan ultimately faced conflict with the Russians over islands north of Japan.
C)Many Japanese scholars saw Buddhism as focusing on empty, abstract thoughts.
D)Knowledge of and ability to read Dutch was viewed as a sign of sophistication by the Japanese.
E)Bibles were the only foreign texts allowed in Japan.

Question 56

Chinese cultural influences on Japan included all the following EXCEPT

A)Shintoism.
B)clothing.
C)writing.
D)Buddhism.
E)Confucianism.

Question 57

What was one of the ways the British established their supremacy over South Asia?

A)The threat of Maratha armies to a company factory in Bombay
B)The assassination of the military governor
C)The refusal to form alliances with Indians
D)The defeat of the Maratha on the field of battle
E)The lack of concern for the overall political instability in India

Question 58

What created a truly national Japanese economy?

A)Involvement in the Indian Ocean trade network
B)Profits from expansion
C)Involvement in the Atlantic trade system
D)A self-sufficient economy
E)An increase in coinage

Question 59

Which of these factors did NOT contribute to the land-based empire of the Mughals becoming part of the sea-based empire of the British?

A)Robert Clive took over local Indian politics as a result of the Battle of Plassey.
B)Officials of the British East India Company redirected the wealth of north India to their own accounts.
C)The use of the British navy to bombard Indian fortifications destroyed the Mughal military.
D)The British Parliament intervened to regulate the administration of the British East India Company.
E)The British government became embroiled in the political and military affairs of India.

Question 60

The Tokugawa shogunate's territorial expansion involved control of

A)Vietnam.
B)western Korea.
C)the Philippines.
D)Hokkaido.
E)the northwestern coast of China.

Question 61

By 1750,the reforms of the Yoshimune government

A)advanced Japan to become a major economic power in the East.
B)prevented unrest in the countryside.
C)allowed the use of unpaid labor, which helped farmers produce for the urban market.
D)allowed Japan's economy to do no more than struggle to stand still.
E)passed reforms that allowed for greater access to water and forest products by farmers.

Question 62

Please define the following key terms
Zunghars

Question 63

Believing that the merchant class was responsible for many of Japan's problems,Yoshimune

A)removed all government controls on businesses.
B)encouraged entrepreneurial activities.
C)created reforms that actually hurt larger businesses.
D)created policies that actually hurt innovation.
E)created policies that established a more regulated, monopolistic, and less inventive economic atmosphere.

Question 64

Please define the following key terms
Qing

Question 65

Please define the following key terms
Qianlong

Question 66

Please define the following key terms
Taiwan

Question 67

Please define the following key terms
Dalai Lama

Question 68

Which reform by Yoshimune was NOT successful?

A)Controls on interest rates
B)Cultivation of sugar and ginseng
C)Increased attention to products from the sea that provided food and fertilizer
D)Involvement of the government in commerce
E)Finding plants that would grow in marginal areas to increase food supplies

Question 69

Please define the following key terms
Qing dynasty

Question 70

Please define the following key terms
queue

Question 71

Please define the following key terms
Emperor Kangxi

Question 72

In an attempt to reform and stabilize Japan,the shogun Yoshimune proclaimed through edicts that the problems facing Japan were based on

A)Christianity.
B)moral failures.
C)samurai loyalty to their daimyo.
D)contact with the Chinese.
E)new ideas coming into Japan by way of foreign books.

Question 73

Please define the following key terms
"Men plow,women weave"

Question 74

Please define the following key terms
banners

Question 75

Please define the following key terms
Dragon Throne

Question 76

Please define the following key terms
female infanticide

Question 77

Please define the following key terms
Yangzi River Valley

Question 78

Please define the following key terms
Manchu

Question 79

Japan's policies of seclusion and isolationism were

A)challenged by a Chinese attempt to take control over islands north of Japan.
B)altered by the influence of Jesuit missionaries.
C)intensified after the death of Yoshimune.
D)altered by Japan's own imperial ambitions.
E)replaced by the rising power of the daimyo.

Question 80

Please define the following key terms
footbinding