Deck 5: Traffic: Policing In A Country On The Move

Question 1

Officers' discretion in traffic violations may consist of

A) making an arrest.
B) issuing a citation.
C) simply talking to a motorist.
D) all of the other choices.
E) none of the other choices.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which famous wanted person was arrested during a traffic stop?

A) D. B. Cooper
B) John Gotti
C) Timothy McVeigh
D) Al Capone

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Traffic direction and control takes place

A) at a crash scene.
B) during funerals.
C) when high-profile person(s) are in town.
D) all of the other choices.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Various programs designed to curb drunken driving have centered around

A) sobriety checkpoints.
B) vehicle forfeiture.
C) ignition interlocks.
D) all of the other choices.
E) none of the other choices.

Question 5

Factors that an officer should consider when faced with a foot pursuit situation include

A) the possibility that the suspect possesses martial arts skills.
B) the likelihood the suspect is under the influence of drugs.
C) where the suspect might be leading the pursuing officer to.
D) all of the other choices.
E) none of the other choices.

Question 6

ALPR stands for

A) automated license plate recognition.
B) automatic licensed person review.
C) automated law patrol relations.
D) annotated law provisions.

Question 7

Traffic calming measures include

A) eliminating parking on residential streets.
B) widening roads.
C) straightening out bends and curves in the road.
D) timing traffic signals for vehicles traveling the desired speed.
E) both eliminating parking on residential streets and widening roads.

Question 8

Traffic enforcement is the responsibility of

A) state police.
B) specialized traffic units.
C) seasoned officers.
D) all sworn officers.

Question 9

The mentality of habitual offenders who have lost their license for driving infractions is

A) "It is a right of mine to drive."
B) "I can't lose something I've already lost."
C) "I will not get caught again."
D) "Traffic offenses are minor and will not tarnish my record."

Question 10

Decoy patrol vehicles

A) have not been used by many jurisdictions.
B) have a negligible impact on reducing speeds.
C) have a temporary effect until motorists realize there is no officer on-scene to write citations.
D) decrease police visibility.
E) are not cost-effective.

Question 11

The nation's first mandatory seat belt law was passed in

A) California.
B) New York.
C) Hawaii.
D) Texas.
E) Nebraska.

Question 12

Police traffic services consist of

A) crash investigation.
B) traffic enforcement.
C) traffic direction and control.
D) all of the other choices.
E) none of the other choices.

Question 13

Bolton states that traffic enforcement

A) divides the public and law enforcement because the public believes traffic infractions are minor and should not be heavily enforced.
B) is often overlooked in many departments.
C) should be enforced only by state officers to eliminate the revenue-generating "speed traps."
D) is the most important task of a law enforcement agency to save lives and prevent injury.

Question 14

The purpose of a traffic stop is to

A) modify the driver's future driving behavior.
B) stop a violation of the law for public safety.
C) serve as a general deterrent to other drivers.
D) all of the other choices.
E) none of the other choices.

Question 15

Traffic enforcement is considered

A) reactive.
B) menial.
C) proactive.
D) "rookie" work.

Question 16

Implied consent laws are passed to curb

A) speeding.
B) underage driving.
C) drunken driving.
D) aggressive driving.
E) gas station drive-offs.

Question 17

The use of radar detectors

A) in commercial vehicles is banned in all states by the U.S. Department of Transportation.
B) in commercial vehicles gives law enforcement probable cause for traffic stops.
C) in cars is legal in all states except Virginia, Washington, DC, and U.S. military installations.
D) both in commercial vehicles is banned in all states by the U.S. Department of Transportation and in commercial vehicles gives law enforcement probable cause for traffic stops.

Question 18

When did cruising first begin to be a problem?

A) 1950-1960.
B) 1960-1970.
C) 1970-1980.
D) 1980-1990.

Question 19

Driving an automobile is considered by law to be a

A) personal right.
B) privilege.
C) civil liberty.
D) civil right.
E) sacred right.

Question 20

The International Association of Chiefs of Police and the National Safety Council suggest an enforcement index of _______________ is realistic for most cities.

A) less than 1:3
B) approximately 1:10
C) between 1:20 and 1:25
D) between 1:200 and 1:250
E) greater than 1:300

Question 21

The U.S.Department of Transportation (DOT)estimates that __________ __________ tons of regulated hazardous materials move annually in America.

A) 4 million
B) 40 million
C) 400 million
D) 4 billion

Question 22

One argument against the ban of the use of cell phones while driving is

A) then emergency vehicles should have the radios removed as well.
B) in today's society we need the cell phones to communicate.
C) even radios should be removed from vehicles because they are also a distraction.
D) we as Americans are granted free speech.

Question 23

Red-light cameras are not suggested as a proactive traffic enforcement because of the high cost associated with the system.

Question 24

More officer time is spent on traffic patrol than any other police activity.

Question 25

All 50 states currently have a Move Over law.

Question 26

Prohibitions against tailgating are difficult to enforce.

Question 27

The national BAC standard for drunk driving is __________ percent.

A) 0.01
B) 0.05
C) 0.08
D) 0.10
E) 0.15

Question 28

One of the most prevalent traffic violations is

A) failure to use seat belts.
B) speeding.
C) DWI/DUI.
D) aggressive driving.

Question 29

An officer's public duty to arrest impaired drivers was a principle established in

A) Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz.
B) City of Indianapolis v. Edmond.
C) Brown v. City of Oneonta.
D) Carleton v. Town of Framingham.
E) Pennsylvania v. Mimms.

Question 30

Officers are commonly frustrated by how prosecutors treat DWI cases.

Question 31

Whren v.United States held that the validity and constitutionality of a stop depends on whether police officers ______________ made the stop.

A) would have
B) could have
C) should have
D) all of the other choices
E) none of the other choices

Question 32

Road rage is a traffic violation; aggressive driving is a criminal offense.

Question 33

The Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of sobriety checkpoints was

A) Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz.
B) City of Indianapolis v. Edmond.
C) Brown v. City of Oneonta.
D) Carleton v. Town of Framingham.
E) Pennsylvania v. Mimms.

Question 34

At a crash scene,when police,firefighters,and emergency medical services (EMS)personnel converge,

A) the police often feel that the fire truck is just in the way and demand it be moved because it is blocking traffic.
B) the police should realize that the equipment officers may need is already on the fire truck.
C) the police should realize that the truck provides good traffic control, protecting the crash scene and those responding to it.
D) the police often feel the fire truck is in the way and demand it be moved because it is blocking traffic, but the police should realize that equipment the police may need is already on the fire truck.
E) all of the other choices.

Question 35

In _______________,the Supreme Court held that compulsive,stationary roadblocks are akin to seizures.

A) Brower v. County of Inyo
B) Michigan Department of State Police v. Sitz.
C) City of Indianapolis v. Edmond.
D) Pennsylvania v. Muniz
E) Scott v. Harris

Question 36

When people are in a hurry,they are more likely to run stop signs and red lights.

Question 37

Strategies that may reduce street racing include using undercover officers and videotaping the racing activities.

Question 38

Studies have shown the number-one complaint to law enforcement is speeding in residential areas.

Question 39

The first state to pass racial profiling legislation was

A) California.
B) Alabama.
C) Minnesota.
D) Pennsylvania.
E) Connecticut.

Question 40

Decoy patrols are a long-term,effective way to reduce traffic violations.

Question 41

The Supreme Court has ruled that sobriety checkpoints are constitutional.

Question 42

Drug checkpoints,like sobriety checkpoints,have been ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court.

Question 43

Research has found that "black boxes" or Event Data Recorders (EDR)are of little assistance in accident reconstruction.

Question 44

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
assault with a motor vehicle or other dangerous weapon by the operator or passenger(s)of one motor vehicle on the operator or passenger(s)of another motor vehicle that is caused by an incident that occurred on the roadway

Question 45

Research has shown that most alcohol-impaired drivers never get arrested.

Question 46

A __________ domestic is essentially a domestic situation that occurs in a moving motor vehicle.

Question 47

Even in minor crashes,or so-called fender benders,thorough investigations are always required.

Question 48

___________ radar has the sole purpose of triggering a motorist's radar detection unit in an effort to get drivers to slow down.

Question 49

The leading cause of death for children ages 3 to 14 in the United States is motor vehicle crashes.

Question 50

Few of the physical symptoms of intoxication are similar to those produced by medical conditions such as diabetes,epilepsy,or concussion.

Question 51

______________ ______________ describes road and environmental design changes that make it more difficult for a vehicle to speed.

Question 52

In Brown v.City of Oneonta,the court held that where law enforcement officials possess only a physical description of a criminal suspect consisting primarily of the suspect's race and gender,and where they do not have evidence of other discriminatory intent,they cannot act on the basis of that description,for doing so would violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Question 53

A _____________ stop,also called a ___________ motive stop,is one in which an officer stops a vehicle not only for a traffic violation but also because the driver looks suspicious.

Question 54

One chemical test for DUI measures a person's ___________________________________ _________________________________ (BAC).

Question 55

MADD stands for _________________________________________________________ _______________________________.

Question 56

Traffic enforcement of transporting hazardous materials is often overlooked.

Question 57

In those states having a law against drunk driving,the decision to arrest a drunk driver remains a discretionary one for police officers.

Question 58

To warn and protect motorists is a functional area that police traffic services includes.

Question 59

When in pursuit of a suspect,law enforcement officers should only be concerned with their obligation to enforce laws and arrest perpetrators.

Question 60

If officers write a simple report and issue a citation for DWI/DUI,prosecution can be difficult.

Question 61

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
experts specially trained to recognize individuals under the influence of drugs

Question 62

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
considered so serious a distraction that it has become the subject of litigation.

Question 63

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
part of a planned allocation of police personnel and equipment guided by a study of the kinds of violations and road conditions that contribute to collisions

Question 64

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
the weight of alcohol in grams per milliliter of blood

Question 65

Discuss the controversy surrounding police pursuits and the two juxtaposing positions in this debate.In addition,list specific issues that must be addressed in a pursuit policy and illustrate a basic pursuit continuum.

Question 66

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
law that states those who request and receive driver's licenses must agree to take tests to determine their ability to drive

Question 67

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
case that determined compulsive,stationary roadblocks are akin to seizures

Question 68

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
the leading case on Fifth and Sixth Amendment issues in videotaping drivers under the influence

Question 69

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
case that established that police officers may order the driver of a vehicle to exit the vehicle during a stop for a traffic violation

Question 70

Discuss the strategies being used to deter DUI.Note which strategies you believe are effective and which fall short of their goal,and elaborate on your reasoning.

Question 71

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
an active attempt by a law enforcement officer on duty in a patrol car to apprehend one or more occupants of a moving motor vehicle,providing the driver of such vehicle is aware of the attempt and is resisting apprehension

Question 72

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
the use of discretionary authority by law enforcement officers in encounters with minority motorists,typically within the context of a traffic stop,that results in the disparate treatment of minorities

Question 73

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
tailgating,making unsafe lane changes,driving too fast for conditions,weaving in and out of traffic,and ignoring traffic control devices

Question 74

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
a persistent lawbreaker

Question 75

Explain the difference between aggressive driving and road rage.When does law enforcement become involved?

Question 76

List and discuss the issues associated with racial profiling.Is there any circumstance where racial profiling is accepted? Explain.

Question 77

Discuss Pennsylvania v.Mimms and Pennsylvania v.Muniz.

Question 78

MATCHING
Each item may be matched only once. Select the best match.a.aggressive driving
h.pursuit
b.BAC
i.racial profiling
c.DRE/DRT
j.road rage
d.enforcement index
k.scofflaw
e.cell phone
l.selective enforcement
f.Pennsylvania v. Mimms
m.implied consent
g.Pennsylvania v. Muniz
n.Brower v. County of Inyo
a figure based on the ratio of tickets issued for hazardous driving violations to the number of fatal and personal injury crashes