Deck 33: Sensory Perception

Question 1

The major function of a receptor is to

A) control the autonomic functions of the body.
B) stabilize the internal environment to achieve homeostasis.
C) produce responses to the various stimuli the body receives.
D) give organisms or cells awareness of and sensitivity to their environment.
E) do none of these.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A diminishing response by receptors to a constant stimulus is

A) perception.
B) neural transduction.
C) sensory adaptation.
D) referred pain.
E) characteristic of all receptors.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following is(are) true regarding whale sensory systems?

A) Like fishes, they use lateral line systems for navigation.
B) Their jaws pick up sound vibrations in the water and transmit them to their middle ears.
C) They collect sound waves using external ears.
D) All whales have auditory canals leading to their middle ears.
E) All of these are true.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The above figure shows areas of referred pain that indicate an internal organ is damaged.Which letter corresponds to heart damage?

A) A
B) B
C) C
D) D
E) none of these

Question 5

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
A taste bud is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) A and B.
E) none of these; they are olfactory receptors.

Question 6

Sensory pathways of smell and taste

A) begin with chemoreceptors.
B) end up in the cerebral cortex.
C) reach the limbic system.
D) are integrated with stored memories.
E) include all of these.

Question 7

"Perception" differs from "sensation" when referring to a stimulus in

A) the type of receptor stimulated.
B) understanding the significance of the stimulus.
C) the number of receptors that depolarize.
D) feeling exactly what is happening at the site.
E) responding to the stimulus.

Question 8

The somatic senses include all EXCEPT which one of the following sensations?

A) balance
B) pain near the body surface
C) temperature
D) touch
E) pressure

Question 9

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
Eyes are

A) chemoreceptors.
B) mechanoreceptors.
C) photoreceptors.
D) nociceptors.
E) none of these.

Question 10

Which of the following explains why the owl has its head almost upside down?

A) Photoreceptors are concentrated near the bottom of the eye.
B) Photoreceptors are concentrated near the top of the eye.
C) Loud music from a passing car caused damage to the sense of balance.
D) It is trying to remove water from its ear after a hard rain.
E) None of these are an accurate explanation.

Question 11

Whales use sound to

A) communicate.
B) locate food.
C) map out their surroundings.
D) communicate and map out their surroundings.
E) do all of these.

Question 12

The primary somatosensory cortex

A) maps the distribution of somatic receptors on the body.
B) consists of white matter.
C) contains interneurons.
D) devotes the largest region to body parts with the greatest sensory acuity.
E) includes all EXCEPT "consists of white matter."

Question 13

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
Insects have

A) simple eyes.
B) ocelli.
C) ciliary eyes.
D) compound eyes.
E) "camera" eyes.

Question 14

The pain produced in an internal organ may be perceived as occurring somewhere else.This phenomenon is called

A) mixed nerve messages.
B) referred pain.
C) phantom pain.
D) psychosomatic pain.
E) hypochondria.

Question 15

Pheromones

A) are social signals.
B) are detected by the vomeronasal organ in reptiles and most mammals.
C) may serve as sex attractants.
D) are not detected or responded to by humans.
E) include all EXCEPT "are not detected or responded to by humans."

Question 16

A stretch receptor is classified as a

A) chemoreceptor.
B) mechanoreceptor.
C) photoreceptor.
D) thermoreceptor.
E) all of these.

Question 17

The layer of the eye where photoreceptors are located is the

A) lens.
B) cornea.
C) pupil.
D) iris.
E) retina.

Question 18

The adjustable ring of contractile and connective tissues that controls the amount of light entering the eye is the

A) lens.
B) cornea.
C) pupil.
D) iris.
E) retina.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of sensation?

A) Some sensory receptors are activated only by chemicals.
B) Nerve impulses mediating each of the senses are essentially the same.
C) Sensory neuron activity follows the all-or-none law.
D) All organisms use the same sense organs to perceive their environments.
E) All sensory receptors convert stimulus energy into action potentials.

Question 20

The Pacinian corpuscle is used in detecting

A) sound.
B) pressure.
C) chemicals.
D) sight.
E) chemical differences.

Question 21

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
eardrum

Question 22

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
cochlea

Question 23

The utricle and saccule

A) each contain an organ of dynamic equilibrium.
B) detect rotation of the head.
C) detect how the head is oriented relative to the ground.
D) are semicircular canals.
E) organs use the auditory nerve to send information to the brain.

Question 24

Which of the following is false regarding the properties of sound?

A) The amplitude of a sound corresponds to loudness.
B) The frequency of a sound is the number of wave cycles per second.
C) Every ten-decibel increase in loudness represents a tenfold increase in intensity.
D) A soft sound has a greater amplitude than a loud sound.
E) A high note and a low note with the same amplitude are equally loud.

Question 25

The dark middle layer of the eye that prevents the scattering of light is the

A) fovea.
B) retina.
C) sclera.
D) choroid.
E) cornea.

Question 26

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
The sclera is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) E.

Question 27

The oval window is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) D.
D) E.
E) F.

Question 28

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
The structure that adjusts the amount of incoming light is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) E.

Question 29

Action potentials generated in rod and cone cells are processed and integrated by ____ cells.

A) bipolar
B) ganglion
C) lateral geniculate nucleus
D) visual cortex
E) all of these

Question 30

Rhodopsin

A) is a pigment.
B) is found in rods.
C) absorbs photons of blue-to-green light.
D) is concentrated at the edges of the retina.
E) includes all of these descriptions.

Question 31

Nearsightedness is caused by

A) eye structure that focuses an image in front of the retina.
B) uneven curvature of the cornea.
C) uneven curvature of the lens.
D) eye structure that focuses an image posterior to the retina.
E) all of these.

Question 32

The tectorial and basilar membranes are located within

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) E.
E) another unlabeled region of this figure.

Question 33

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
amplitude

Question 34

The letter "B" in the above figure represents

A) cortex.
B) cornea.
C) fovea.
D) blood vessels.
E) optic nerve.

Question 35

The utricle and saccule are functional parts of the

A) eye.
B) Pacinian corpuscle.
C) vestibular apparatus.
D) nasal epithelium.
E) vomeronasal organ.

Question 36

Use the figure above to answer the following questions.
Bones that amplify sound reaching the eardrum are indicated by

A) A and B.
B) A, B, and C.
C) B and C.
D) C and D.
E) none of these.

Question 37

The organ of Corti

A) functions in the awareness of motion and the sense of equilibrium.
B) controls the sense of depth perception.
C) converts sound vibrations into impulses that enable hearing.
D) secretes cerebrospinal fluid.
E) detects light energy.

Question 38

Which of the following is false regarding age-related macular degeneration?

A) It results in progressive destruction of photoreceptors in the fovea and surrounding region.
B) It clouds the center of the visual field.
C) It has no genetic basis.
D) Smoking, high blood pressure, and obesity increase its risk.
E) It cannot be cured, but its progression can be slowed.

Question 39

Accommodation involves the ability to

A) change the sensitivity of the rods and cones by means of neurotransmitters.
B) change the curvature of the cornea.
C) change the thickness of the lens by contracting or relaxing certain muscles.
D) adapt to large changes in light intensity.
E) do all of these.

Question 40

Equilibrium is sensed by

A) chemoreceptors.
B) mechanoreceptors.
C) photoreceptors.
D) thermoreceptors.
E) none of these.

Question 41

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
oval window

Question 42

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
hammer

Question 43

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of energy listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermal
d.light
Olfactory receptors detect this kind of energy.

Question 44

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of energy listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermal
d.light
Receptors on the tongue detect variation in this kind of energy.

Question 45

Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.retina
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure forms the transparent front of the eye.

Question 46

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of energy listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermal
d.light
The warmth you feel from a campfire is a result of detecting this kind of energy.

Question 47

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
retina

Question 48

Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.retina
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure primarily acts to focus light waves.

Question 49

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of energy listed below.
a.chemical
b.mechanical
c.thermal
d.light
Ears detect this kind of energy.

Question 50

__________ sense and respond to water concentration.

Question 51

Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.retina
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure acts to maintain the shape of the eye and to transmit light to other structures.

Question 52

Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.retina
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure contains rods and cones in vertebrates.

Question 53

Continued stimulation of a receptor may lead to a diminished response and is called __________.

Question 54

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pitch

Question 55

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
pheromone

Question 56

__________ respond to mechanical energy such as touch.

Question 57

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
round window

Question 58

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
iris

Question 59

Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the five eye structures listed below.
a.cornea
b.lens
c.retina
d.ommatidium
e.vitreous body
This structure is found in the compound eyes of insects but not in the eyes of vertebrates.

Question 60

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
a.dissipates excess vibrational energy to the middle ear
b.contains the organ of Corti
c.separates the outer and middle ears
d.membrane-covered gateway to inner ear
e.consists of tissue containing rods and cones
f.bone in middle ear
g.peak height and valley depth of sound waves are its basis
h.maintain balance and position; detect acceleration
i.depends on the number of wave cycles per second
j.
a substance that elicits a response in members of the same species
k.regulates size of pupil and amount of incoming light
semicircular canals

Question 61

Why is color blindness more common in males?

Question 62

__________ sensations arise from receptors near organs in body cavities.

Question 63

Light enters the eye's interior through the __________, an adjustable opening in the center of the muscular, doughnut-shaped iris.

Question 64

The __________ is a system of fluid-filled sacs and canals in the inner ear.

Question 65

What would be the danger in lacking nociceptors?

Question 66

__________ line human nasal passages.

Question 67

The cochlea is a coiled structure with fluid-filled ducts that holds the mechanoreceptors responsible for hearing in its __________.

Question 68

An individual reports to the doctor that they are experiencing pain in their left arm.What would the doctor think may be wrong?

Question 69

People tend to crave sweet and salty foods, but dislike bitter foods.What is the evolutionary explanation for this?

Question 70

Insects have a __________, with many individual units.

Question 71

The __________ sensations arise from sensory receptors located in skin, or near muscles or joints.