Deck 29: Wilsonian Progressivism at Home and Abroad

Question 1

When Woodrow Wilson became president in 1912, the most serious shortcoming in the country's financial structure was that the

A) largest banks were too heavily concentrated in New York City.
B) Bank of the United States had been greatly weakened.
C) banking system was too tightly controlled by the federal government.
D) U.S. dollar was tied to gold.
E) currency was inelastic.

Answer 1

currency was inelastic.

Question 2

As governor of New Jersey, Woodrow Wilson established a record as a

A) mild conservative.
B) reactionary.
C) collaborator with the state's party bosses.
D) moderate liberal.
E) passionate progressive reformer.

Answer 2

passionate progressive reformer.

Question 3

Woodrow Wilson's attitude toward the masses can best be described as

A) warm and enthusiastic.
B) public fawning but private disdain.
C) loving them in general rather than as individuals.
D) aloof and indifferent.
E) cynically manipulative.

Answer 3

loving them in general rather than as individuals.

Question 4

In 1912, Woodrow Wilson ran for the presidency on a Democratic platform that included all of the following except a call for

A) antitrust legislation.
B) banking reform.
C) dollar diplomacy.
D) tariff reductions.
E) small enterprise.

Question 5

As a politician, Woodrow Wilson was

A) clever and agile.
B) a crowd-pleasing showman.
C) a man with the common touch.
D) always seeking common ground with his opponents.
E) inflexible and stubborn.

Question 6

The position Woodrow Wilson held just before he was elected President of the United States was

A) a Presbyterian minister.
B) Governor of New Jersey.
C) President of Princeton University.
D) Professor of Political Science.
E) United States Senator.

Question 7

Congress passed the Underwood Tariff because

A) farmers and workers demanded its passage.
B) President Wilson provided dramatic public leadership on its behalf.
C) inflation was pricing many consumers out of buying imported goods.
D) a deal was struck linking it to passage of the graduated income tax.
E) Wilson gained Western support for tariff reduction.

Question 8

When Jane Addams nominated Theodore Roosevelt for president at the 1912 Progressive Party convention, it

A) was an effective tactic to get women to vote for Roosevelt.
B) guaranteed Roosevelt's defeat by Woodrow Wilson.
C) symbolized the rising political status of women.
D) signaled that the Progressives were a radical party.
E) demonstrated his concern for international peace.

Question 9

Woodrow Wilson was most comfortable surrounded by

A) United States Senators and Congressmen.
B) Catholics.
C) political professionals.
D) journalists.
E) academic scholars.

Question 10

Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism

A) pinned its economic faith on competition.
B) opposed consolidation of trusts and labor unions.
C) favored the free functioning of unregulated markets.
D) supported a broad program of federal regulation and social welfare.
E) favored state rather than federal government activism.

Question 11

Woodrow Wilson's political philosophy included all of the following except

A) faith in the masses.
B) the necessity of bargaining and compromise in politics.
C) a belief that the president should provide leadership for Congress.
D) a belief that the president should appeal over the heads of legislators to the sovereign people.
E) a belief in bringing a strong sense of morality to politics.

Question 12

The 1912 presidential election was notable because it not only offered the voters a choice not merely of politics but

A) it gave the voters a clear choice of political and economic philosophies.
B) personalities were the only issue of the campaign.
C) it was the first time women had the right to vote.
D) the Democratic party had split.
E) the Socialists competed as a serious third party.

Question 13

The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 guaranteed public control of the American banking system through

A) control of the currency by the secretary of the treasury.
B) federal regulation of all banks with more than $10 million in deposits.
C) Congress's ability to impeach the Federal Reserve chairman elected by member banks.
D) regional banks whose directors had to be approved by the Senate.
E) a Federal Reserve Board appointed by the president.

Question 14

In 1913, Woodrow Wilson shattered longstanding precedent when he

A) appointed members of his cabinet without regard to their party affiliation.
B) appointed a black man to the Supreme Court.
C) endorsed woman suffrage.
D) personally delivered presidential addresses to Congress on behalf of his programs.
E) rode with his defeated predecessor to the inauguration.

Question 15

Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom

A) advocated extensive social-welfare programs.
B) advocated strong state government regulation of business.
C) favored free market entrepreneurship and breakup of large corporate combines.
D) supported health and safety regulation and minimum-wage laws.
E) stood firmly for the status quo.

Question 16

The 1912 election revealed runaway political support for the broad philosophy of

A) socialism.
B) progressivism.
C) conservatism.
D) laissez-faire capitalism.
E) feminism.

Question 17

The Sixteenth Amendment provided for

A) a personal income tax.
B) direct election of senators.
C) prohibition.
D) woman suffrage.
E) abolition of child labor.

Question 18

In 1912 Woodrow Wilson became the first ____ elected to the presidency since the Civil War.

A) person born in the South
B) Democrat
C) college graduate
D) non-Civil War veteran
E) Presbyterian.

Question 19

Match each 1912 presidential candidate below with his political party.

A) A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
B) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C) A-4, B-3, C-2, D-l
D) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
E) A-2, B-4, C-3, D-l

Question 20

Congress passed the Underwood Tariff Bill in 1913 in order to

A) lower tariff rates.
B) raise tariff rates.
C) produce more revenue from the tariff.
D) help selected small businesses to grow.
E) provide tariff protection for American farmers as well as manufacturers.

Question 21

President Woodrow Wilson refused to intervene in the affairs of Mexico until

A) American business investors demanded protection.
B) Venustiano Carranza became president of Mexico.
C) American sailors were arrested in Tampico, Mexico.
D) William Randolph Hearst's newspaper chain began a campaign for involvement.
E) Pancho Villa conducted a violent raid into New Mexico.

Question 22

Woodrow Wilson's approach to American foreign policy could best be described as

A) imperialist.
B) moralistic.
C) realistic.
D) balance-of-power.
E) isolationist.

Question 23

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act

A) outlawed interlocking corporate directorates.
B) declared that labor was not "a commodity or an article of commerce."
C) prohibited businesses from engaging in price discrimination.
D) legalized labor strikes and peaceful picketing.
E) all of these

Question 24

Woodrow Wilson displayed the limits of his progressivism by

A) opposing workingmen's compensation.
B) opposing legislation to restrict child labor.
C) insisting that women should have a limited role in public affairs.
D) refusing to appoint Jews to the Supreme Court.
E) promoting further segregation of African Americans.

Question 25

The first Jew to sit on the United States Supreme Court, appointed by Woodrow Wilson, was

A) Felix Frankfurter.
B) Arsene Pujo.
C) Abraham Cahan.
D) Louis D. Brandeis.
E) Bernard Baruch.

Question 26

Which of the following American passenger liners was sunk by German submarines?

A) Lusitania
B) Arabic
C) Sussex
D) Titanic
E) None of these was an American ship.

Question 27

The Progressive "Bull Moose" party died when

A) Theodore Roosevelt refused to run as the party's presidential candidate in 1916.
B) the Progressives united with the Socialist party.
C) the United States entered World War I.
D) the Republican candidate, Charles Evans Hughes, advocated the same programs as Roosevelt.
E) Woodrow Wilson won over most Bull Moose voters.

Question 28

In the Sussex pledge, Germany promised

A) not to sink passenger ships.
B) to maintain the territorial integrity of France.
C) to halt its naval blockade of Britain.
D) to halt all submarine warfare.
E) not to sink passenger ships without warning.

Question 29

Woodrow Wilson's administration refused to extend formal diplomatic recognition to the government in Mexico headed by

A) Porfirio Diaz.
B) Venustiano Carranza.
C) Pancho Villa.
D) Victoriano Huerta.
E) Vicente Fox.

Question 30

Because of the benefits that it conferred on labor, Samuel Gompers called the ____ "labor's Magna Carta."

A) Federal Reserve Act
B) Underwood Tariff Act
C) Clayton Anti-Trust Act
D) Sixteenth Amendment
E) Workmen's Compensation Act

Question 31

The Federal Reserve Act gave the U.S. government the authority to

A) expand or contract the amount of money in circulation.
B) close weak banks.
C) borrow from private banks.
D) print paper currency.
E) take the United States off the gold standard.

Question 32

From 1914 to 1916, trade between the United States and the European Allies

A) was seriously disrupted by German submarine attacks.
B) violated international neutrality laws.
C) was required by law to be carried only on British ships.
D) made America eager to enter World War I.
E) pulled the American economy into an economic boom.

Question 33

The British government effectively encouraged American sympathy with their cause in the war by

A) prohibiting American trade and travel to Germany.
B) promising support for American policies if Britain won.
C) spreading anti-German propaganda and censoring war stories harmful to Britain.
D) making sure that American visitors could travel safely to Britain.
E) emphasizing that this was a war against the principle of monarchy.

Question 34

Woodrow Wilson's early efforts to conduct a non-imperialistic foreign policy were first undermined when he

A) sought support from jingoist publisher William Randolph Hearst.
B) prohibited other great powers from using the Panama Canal.
C) sent American marines to Haiti.
D) revoked promises to grant independence to the Philippines.
E) dispatched American forces to protect U.S. missionaries in China.

Question 35

President Wilson insisted that he would hold ____ to "strict accountability" for ____.

A) Britain; repaying the loans made to it by American bankers
B) Britain; the disruption of American trade with the European continent
C) Germany; starting the war
D) Germany; fair treatment of civilians in Belgium
E) Germany; the loss of American ships and lives to submarine warfare

Question 36

With the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the great majority of Americans

A) earnestly hoped to stay out of the war.
B) favored entering the war in support of the Allies.
C) resented British anti-German propaganda.
D) had close cultural, linguistic, and economic ties with the Central Powers.
E) wanted the United States to negotiate an end to the conflict.

Question 37

The major international deployment of American troops in Woodrow Wilson's first term came in

A) Nicaragua.
B) France.
C) Cuba.
D) Mexico.
E) Germany.

Question 38

As World War I began in Europe, Germany and Austria-Hungary were allied in the ____, while Russia, Britain, and France were in the ____.

A) Central Powers; Holy Alliance
B) Central Powers; North Atlantic Treaty Organization
C) Allies; Central Powers
D) Axis Alliance; Allies
E) Central Powers; Allies

Question 39

German submarines began sinking unarmed and unresisting merchant and passenger ships without warning

A) when the United States entered the war.
B) in retaliation for the British naval blockade of Germany.
C) in an effort to keep the United States out of the war.
D) because international law now allowed this new style of warfare.
E) in a last-ditch effort to win the war.

Question 40

Woodrow Wilson won re-election in 1916 by gaining strong support from

A) the East Coast.
B) the Midwest and West.
C) the business community.
D) prowar members of both parties.
E) Theodore Roosevelt.

Question 41

In the 1912 presidential election,

A) the incumbent president finished third in the balloting.
B) one party won both the presidency and control of Congress.
C) the winning candidate attracted less than a majority of the popular vote.
D) the candidate of a new third party won the election.
E) the Socialist party candidate finished third.

Question 42

Unlike Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson tended to

A) be an effective public speaker.
B) lack the common touch.
C) find it difficult to compromise.
D) believe that the president should defer to congressional leadership.
E) be uninterested in ideas.

Question 43

The flood of progressive legislation during Wilson's first term included laws to

A) provide disability assistance to civil-service workers.
B) establish the eight-hour day for interstate railroad workers.
C) end discrimination against black employees of the federal government.
D) provide credit and low-interest loans to farmers.
E) prohibit false advertising and adulteration of consumer products.

Question 44

Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism platform in the 1912 presidential election advocated

A) an active role for the federal government in economic and social affairs.
B) federal regulatory agencies to control the trusts.
C) woman suffrage.
D) social-welfare programs like minimum-wage laws and social insurance.
E) consolidation of large trusts and labor unions.

Question 45

President Wilson's attack on monopolistic business combinations led to the

A) Jones Act.
B) Federal Trade Commission Act.
C) Clayton Act.
D) Adamson Act.
E) Federal Reserve Act.

Question 46

The new Federal Reserve System guaranteed public control of the American monetary and banking system by

A) requiring that all banks be regulated by the federal government.
B) enabling the Federal Reserve Board to print paper money and control the money supply.
C) making the Federal Reserve Board members presidential appointees.
D) making regional Federal Reserve banks subject to state banking regulation.
E) requiring the Secretary of the Treasury to have his signature on all paper money.

Question 47

Upon becoming president, Woodrow Wilson launched an attack on the "triple wall of privilege," which included

A) high tariffs.
B) racial discrimination.
C) powerful trusts.
D) uncontrolled private banking practices.
E) exclusive social clubs.

Question 48

Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom platform in the 1912 presidential election advocated

A) an active role for government in economic and social affairs.
B) dissolution of trusts and other forms of business monopoly.
C) racial integration.
D) social-welfare programs.
E) support for small business entrepreneurs.