Deck 3: Alexander the Great and the Spread of Greek Civilization Ca350-30 Bc

Question 1

Discuss the diverse reactions of the Jews to Hellenistic rule.From what you know of the Hebrew religion, explain why elements of Hellenistic culture would be offensive to traditional Jews.

Answer 1

The positions of "liberal" Jews, or Hellenizers, and traditionalists should be simply stated.Look for mention of several results of the Maccabean revolt as discussed in the chapter.Various aspects of moral, tribal, religious, and dietary reasons should be considered.

Question 2

After eliminating or neutralizing Greek opposition to Macedonian control, Philip planned to

A)conquer the Persian Empire.
B)restore democracy in Athens.
C)retire.
D)attempt the conquest of Italy.
E)create a Greek Empire.

Answer 2

conquer the Persian Empire.

Question 3

The ancient biographer Plutarch regarded Alexander the Great as a very great philosopher for changing so many people's lives.Survey Alexander's life and impact on the ancient world.Assess Alexander's greatness.

Answer 3

Look for coherent accounts of Alexander's life and its consequences, illustrated by references to specific events and dates.The tone of the first part of the essay should be factual and nonjudgmental, and the opinions expressed in the second part must be supported with factual evidence.

Question 4

State the primary ideas of the Stoics, Epicureans, Cynics, and Skeptics.Summarize briefly their approaches to life.Are any similar ideas present in today's society? Give examples.

Question 5

Alexander's later career involved all of the following except

A)an ongoing military campaign.
B)a plan for succession.
C)increasing despotism.
D)fusion of different peoples.
E)creating a new power base independent of Macedonian nobility.

Question 6

Discuss the ways in which the situation of women was improved in Hellenistic society as opposed to the Classical Greek city states.Give examples to illustrate your point.

Question 7

Compare and contrast the Hebrew/Jewish tradition and Greek culture in the Hellenistic period.How compatible do the two seem?

Question 8

Discuss the achievements of Hellenistic scholars and writers, either literary or scientific.Give examples of their works.

Question 9

What victory sealed Philip's mastery of Greece

A)Granicus River
B)Issus
C)Marathon
D)Chaeronea
E)Arbela

Question 10

Compare Philip and his Macedon to their Greek neighbors.

Question 11

What military innovation was employed by Philip that enabled him to take over Greece?

A)improved siegecraft
B)equipping his soldiers with extra-long pikes
C)skillfully employed cavalry and phalanx together
D)All of the above
E)None of the above

Question 12

The new Hellenistic world included all of the following except

A)expanded trade and urbanization.
B)a durable political unity expressing a one-world vision.
C)extensive cultural and intellectual cross-pollination.
D)royal patronage of science and literary criticism.
E)replacement of Persian power in Egypt and western Asia.

Question 13

Philip of Macedon owed his success to

A)the gods
B)his well trained professional army
C)his advisers
D)The generalship of his son Alexander
E)All of the above

Question 14

In the Hellenistic world, the new definition of being Greek

A)ended all prejudice against non-Greeks.
B)expanded to include the Macedonians but not individuals of Egyptian or Persian origins.
C)meant sharing the same culture but not necessarily the same blood.
D)excluded all those who practiced non-Greek religions.
E)included all areas and people that Alexander had defeated.

Question 15

The Hellenistic World was founded by Alexander and

A)Philip.
B)Darius.
C)Ptolemy.
D)Seleucus.
E)Antigonus.

Question 16

Classical Greece and the Hellenistic world were two phases in the development of ancient Western civilization.Compare and contrast the two by examining their economic, social, political, religious, and cultural/intellectual aspects.

Question 17

Alexander's conquests were crucial for extending the Greek world

A)briefly as far east as present-day Pakistan and Afghanistan.
B)to include Egypt and the Levant until the Arab conquests of the seventh century A.D.
C)through the entire reach of the former Persian Empire.
D)because most of the Greek world had been a fringe power.
E)All of these

Question 18

Looking at the examples in the book, what were some of the key difference and similarities that could be found between Classical and Hellenistic artistic styles? Does Hellenistic art give us an idea of the perception and focus of the people at this time?

Question 19

Compare and contrast the Antigonid, Seleucid, and Ptolemaic kingdoms.What were some similarities and differences in the character of their governments and cultures? Which seemed to be the most stable? In which kingdom did culture and scholarship seem to flourish most?

Question 20

Which of the following does not describe the new world made by Alexander?

A)cosmopolitism outlook developed in the Hellenistic world.
B)Macedonians and Greeks replaced the old Persian power.
C)Greek influence spread as far east as Afghanistan and Pakistan.
D)New Greek colonies appeared both south and east.
E)Greek was no longer a major language of the area.

Question 21

The Macedonian soldier who saved Alexander at the battle of Granicus River was

A)Mithridates
B)Rhoesaces
C)Darius
D)Clitus
E)Xenophon

Question 22

Archimedes

A)is considered to be the greatest Greek mathematician.
B)calculated the approximate value of pi.
C)invented an irrigation device known as Archimedes' screw.
D)considered ordinary things as ignoble and vulgar.
E)All of these

Question 23

Like the ancient pharaohs, the Ptolemaic rulers of Egypt

A)built pyramids.
B)were able to prevent regional discontent.
C)lacked the wealth and glory of past pharaohs.
D)worshiped cats.
E)intervened in the economy with great success.

Question 24

During and after the life of Alexander, Greek immigrants were

A)prohibited from moving into new areas due to fear of local rebellions.
B)joined by Jews in migrating into Egypt.
C)discouraged because of strange new laws.
D)discouraged from immigrating because of language problems.
E)unable to acquire citizenship status in the new areas.

Question 25

Which geographic region was controlled by the Antigonid dynasty?

A)Anatolia
B)Macedon
C)Egypt
D)Judea
E)Bactria

Question 26

History claims that Alexander had been greatly influenced by the Persian culture.Which of the following supports this statement?

A)He replaced Persian officials with Macedonian army officers.
B)He prohibited Greeks from marrying Persians.
C)He created a Macedonian power base with Persian nobility influence.
D)He married a Persian woman.
E)He prohibited the Persian language from being used in court and in official papers.

Question 27

All of the following describe the Museum at Alexandria except it

A)housed the largest collection of Greek writings in the world.
B)reflected the growth of the Hellenistic reading and writing public.
C)was Alexandria's most important scholarly and scientific center.
D)was restrained by the religion of the Egyptians.
E)allowed king's engineers to keep up with new technology of the time.

Question 28

The New Comedy of Menander

A)imitated the Old Comedy of Aristophanes.
B)focused on public life and politics.
C)was raucous and ribald.
D)dealt in a restrained manner with private life.
E)was a staged criticism of the local leaders and the government.

Question 29

The wealthiest, most sophisticated, and longest-lasting Hellenistic kingdom was

A)the Seleucid Empire.
B)the Antigonid kingdom.
C)Ptolemaic Egypt.
D)Pergamum.
E)Athens.

Question 30

The location of Bactria is in modern

A)Iraq
B)Judea
C)Anatolia
D)India
E)Afghanistan

Question 31

The city of Pergamum was all of the following except

A)a center of Stoic-influenced scholarship.
B)the intellectual and artistic capital of Greek Asia.
C)the capital of the new Celtic kingdom in Anatolia.
D)famous for its sculptors and monumental buildings.
E)ruled by the Attalid kings who created a kingdom independent of the Selecuids.

Question 32

The typical Alexandrian literary figure was apt to be a

A)critic.
B)novelist.
C)dramatist.
D)essayist.
E)playwright.

Question 33

All of the following are true of Hellenistic science except that

A)it produced some practical technological benefits.
B)it remained indistinguishable from philosophy.
C)state patronage fostered it.
D)contacts between Greek and non-Greek learning stimulated it.
E)the study of science tended to shift to the west.

Question 34

Hellenistic art displayed all except

A)lively domestic scenes.
B)emphasis on extreme emotion.
C)always covered the forms of women.
D)great senses of movement
E)emphasis on tenderness in domestic life.

Question 35

What was a singular cultural achievement of the Ptolemaic dynasty?

A)The Pergamum Altar
B)The Library and Museum of Alexandria
C)The Second Temple in Jerusalem
D)The Laocoon
E)Tangara Figures

Question 36

"The people we call Hellenes are those that have the same culture as us, not the same blood" was spoken by

A)Alexander
B)Isocrates
C)Cleopatra
D)Philip
E)Ptolemy

Question 37

The idylls of Theocritus were

A)studies of courtly life.
B)histories of the Ptolemaic dynasty.
C)the first known pastoral poems.
D)very influential on the Western literary imagination.
E)the first to attempt to write in verse.

Question 38

One feature of the Hellenistic economy was

A)an economic boom, especially in Egypt.
B)a seventy-five-year depression.
C)a lack of coinage compared with the previous period.
D)the concentration of trade and commerce in Greece.
E)making Athens the central trade center in the Mediterranean.

Question 39

Who said, "The world is a great city, [and] has one constitution and one law"?

A)Philo
B)Menander
C)Alexander
D)Antiochus IV Epiphanes
E)Judas Maccabeus

Question 40

The Indian kingdoms conquered by Alexander

A)remained under Greek rule.
B)preserved no evidence of Greek occupation.
C)were able to convert Greece to Buddhism.
D)were conquered by Greek Bactrians.
E)were eventually retaken by the Persians.

Question 41

Hellenistic technology produced

A)a scientific revolution.
B)an industrial revolution.
C)mechanical toys.
D)labor saving machines.
E)an agricultural revolution.

Question 42

Epicureans believed in all of the following except

A)the atomic theory of a mechanistic universe.
B)no life after death and the irrelevance of the gods.
C)the avoidance of pain and the pursuit of intellectual/spiritual pleasure.
D)the unreliability of the sense and the impossibility of true knowledge.
E)friendship and fraternity.

Question 43

The Septuagint was

A)a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.
B)a collection of Hebrew poems.
C)the Christian New Testament.
D)a Stoic text.
E)created to lure Jews away from their faith.

Question 44

The cult of Isis included all of the following except

A)a feminine, maternal quality.
B)the promise of a blessed afterlife.
C)the identification of the Egyptian god Serapis with the Greek god Pluto.
D)the Last Judgment.
E)being associated with being the patron of healing and sailing.

Question 45

The circumference of the earth was accurately calculated

A)only in the twentieth century.
B)by Eratosthenes of Cyrene.
C)in fifth-century B.C.Athens.
D)by Assyrian mathematicians.
E)by using simple calculations in physics.

Question 46

All of the following contributed to the progress of Hellenistic medicine except

A)the invention of the stethoscope.
B)recognition of the brain as the center of the nervous system.
C)the rational approach of the Greeks.
D)dissection of human bodies, living and dead.
E)in Alexandria, there were no traditional, religious, or cultural laws to restrain research.

Question 47

The Stoic founder Zeno considered the universe and human behavior to be guided by

A)the gods of Olympus.
B)atoms.
C)chance.
D)divine reason.
E)passion.

Question 48

The Maccabee uprising was the result of all except

A)The looting of the temple treasury.
B)Dedication of the Temple to Zeus
C)Forced deportation of the Jews
D)Outlawing the Sabbath
E)A prohibition on circumcision.

Question 49

The skeptics were characterized by

A)belief in the impossibility of knowing truth.
B)their practicality.
C)dogmatic conclusions.
D)belief in the importance of the Sense world.
E)love of politics.

Question 50

Which of the following images was not used by Cleopatra to symbolize her new power base?

A)Bronze coins show her with a Hellenic hair style matching the Hellenistic styles.
B)She wears a diadem on her neck, commonly worn by Hellenistic royalty.
C)Her profiles are made to have many of the features of her father and past king.
D)Symbols of Hellenistic royalty often are used on the backside of coins.
E)She is shown wearing the double crown of Egyptian pharaohs.

Question 51

Aristarchus was the first to conceive of what type of scientific system

A)Circulatory
B)Geocentric
C)Heliocentric
D)Calendrical
E)Hydraulic

Question 52

Euclid is famous for

A)having no influence in later times.
B)being wrong about the sun going around the earth.
C)creating a system of geometry that greatly influenced later civilizations.
D)discovering the principle of leverage.
E)translating Muslim science into Greek.

Question 53

Which emperor persecuted the Jews in Judea

A)Alexander the Great
B)Cyrus the Great
C)Antiochus IV Epiphanes
D)Ptolemy
E)Philip of Macedon

Question 54

The goal of the Cynics seems to have been

A)world revolution.
B)independence from social, moral, and cultural norms.
C)civic virtue.
D)mysticism.
E)to enjoy a life of material wealth.

Question 55

The position of women in the Hellenistic Age was

A)worse than in earlier times.
B)about the same as in Classical Greece.
C)considerably improved.
D)indistinguishable from that of men.
E)equal to that of Spartan women.

Question 56

The cult of Serapis included all of the following except

A)A devotion to Osiris
B)A devotion to Apis
C)A cult redolent of Pluto
D)The practice of syncretism
E)All of the above

Question 57

Which of the following does not apply to Hellenistic philosophy?

A)It primarily appealed to the elite.
B)Its central task was the preservation of Classical philosophy.
C)Philosophers focused most on ethics, the best way to lead one's life.
D)The essence of the good life seemed to be peace of mind.
E)Less attention was placed the political sector of society.

Question 58

The growing popularity of mystery religions, especially among the masses

A)indicated a decline in traditional Olympian polytheism.
B)was another example of the cultural fusion of Hellenistic times.
C)showed a thirst for ethical guidance, release from worries, and reassurance about death.
D)offered a philosophical relief.
E)All of these

Question 59

Stoicism included all of the following except

A)belief in an absolute standard of good based on philosophy.
B)trusting the evidence of the senses.
C)rejection of public life.
D)a cosmopolitan outlook.
E)a pursuit for wisdom.

Question 60

The effects of Greek culture on Judaism included

A)the development of an apocalyptic literature.
B)a revival of traditionalism.
C)a greater emphasis on individual study and prayer.
D)a variety of responses to the Greeks by the Jews.
E)All of these

Question 61

Hellenistic Greeks boasted of having created one unified world.

Question 62

The greatest Seleucid city was Antioch

Question 63

In 336 B.C.Philip was murdered by a disgruntled General

Question 64

The wealthiest and longest lasting Hellenistic kingdom was the Antigonids.

Question 65

The Jewish Hasmonean Family led the guerrilla revolt against the Hellenizing laws in 167 B.C.

Question 66

The greatest Hellenistic Athenian writer was Aristophanes.

Question 67

During Hellenistic times the primary center of commerce was Athens.

Question 68

The agricultural innovation to raise water, referred to as the water snail, was invented by Aristarchus.

Question 69

Stoics believed that the best life was spent in the pursuit of wisdom.