Deck 22: A Larger World Opens

Question 1

The most spectacular of the early European sea voyages was undertaken by

A) Diaz, who was first to round Africa's treacherous Cape of Good Hope.
B) de Gama, who sailed to India and explored its rich coastline.
C) Cabral, who accidentally discovered Brazil and claimed it for the small empire of Portugal.
D) Vespucci, who was responsible for the naming of the Americas.
E) Magellan, who circumnavigated the globe.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

In the end, Portugal

A) expanded its empire into Japan and Australia.
B) was too poor to maintain its empire.
C) lost interest in extensive overseas commerce.
D) sank into civil war.
E) became one of the wealthiest European empires.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

According to the authors, what was probably the most impressive Spanish venture in exploration?

A) Columbus's discovery of the New World.
B) Hernán Cortés's subjugation of the Aztecs.
C) The exploration of Florida, California, and Arizona.
D) Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe.
E) Gaining control of all of Central America.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Muslims preferred to deal with this group, because they were not out to convert the world, but to make money.

A) Portuguese
B) Chinese
C) Dutch
D) English
E) Spanish

Question 5

Although relatively small by later standards, how did the slave trade from Africa first became profitable for the Portuguese?

A) By shipping the slaves to Brazil, which Portugal controlled.
B) By breeding new slave generations in the Americas.
C) By the sale of slaves to European noble families.
D) By large scale sales to the Muslims in the Arab countries.
E) By continuous shipment of slaves to the Caribbean islands.

Question 6

As Europeans came to have more contact with other parts of the world, they

A) became reinforced in the belief that they had a moral obligation to enlighten others.
B) began to look on foreigners as fascinating beings for study, but probably uncivilizable.
C) began to develop the concept of the "noble savage," with the accompanying idea that these peoples might be more moral than the Europeans themselves.
D) began to realize that their interest in the natural sciences was shared by most of the world's peoples.
E) became more curious about the rest of the world's peoples, but less interested in interacting with them.

Question 7

During the 1600s, what was the general trend in income levels for Europeans?

A) Everyone's income fell due to inflation.
B) Incomes tended to remain constant.
C) Income disappeared and barter took its place.
D) Most peoples incomes rose.
E) Wealth decreased except for the upper classes.

Question 8

In Brazil, the greatest number of slaves were originally imported for labor in the

A) silver mines.
B) sugarcane fields.
C) tobacco plantations.
D) trading stations.
E) rainforests.

Question 9

Exploration was facilitated by partnerships, which

A) guaranteed profits for all involved.
B) set up effective methods for dividing up the work to be done.
C) minimized risks to individual investors.
D) could afford to get involved with the slave trade.
E) established central locations for hiring captains and crews for the ships.

Question 10

What was the most typical nature of the Portuguese overseas land ventures?

A) They built well-organized military states.
B) They established communities.
C) They had factories that were fortified trading stations.
D) They built extensive slave camps.
E) They had a large assortment of fur-trading villages.

Question 11

France's colonial policies were more similar to those of which other country?

A) Holland
B) Portugal
C) Spain
D) Britain
E) India

Question 12

The Portuguese government was interested mainly in

A) gaining more territory than the Spanish.
B) gaining control of the Philippines.
C) becoming wealthy through trade in luxury items.
D) being more successful than the Spanish under the mercantile system.
E) finding the fabled cities of gold known as El Dorado.

Question 13

Virginia and the Carolinas were first established as

A) a refuge for honest debtors.
B) a haven for Quakers.
C) colonies for the rehabilitation of convicts.
D) tobacco-producing colonies.
E) real estate ventures.

Question 14

Europeans began to search in earnest for an alternate route to Eastern Asia after

A) they read the fabulous tales of Marco Polo.
B) they became aware of the spices available there.
C) the city of Constantinople was lost to them as a center of trade.
D) Muslim conquerors introduced them to Eastern wares.
E) the Mongol conquest disrupted their overland trade routes.

Question 15

The Spanish had to worry about which of the following in the Caribbean?

A) Revolts by Amerindians.
B) Piracy by other Europeans.
C) Slave revolts aboard Spanish ships.
D) The Catholic Church condemning their actions.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 16

Which of the following was true of the contact between Asia and Europe prior to exploration?

A) Europe obtained most of their luxury goods from Asia.
B) No travel paths existed between Europe and Asia.
C) Only Muslim groups had traveled to Asia.
D) Sea paths were never important before.
E) Europe had little need of Asian goods, they relied on African goods.

Question 17

During the 1600s, the English fought and won two wars against the Dutch; what was one of the major outcomes of those wars?

A) The English became complacent because they thought they were invincible.
B) The English became the world's leading naval power for several centuries.
C) The Dutch turned to their Indian allies to keep their supremacy.
D) The Dutch recovered and felt unstoppable in any endeavor.
E) The English became the owners of the profitable port of Havana.

Question 18

Which European explorers led exploration of the western Atlantic?

A) Vikings.
B) Portuguese.
C) Spanish.
D) Dutch.
E) English.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT true regarding the Dutch during the Age of Exploration?

A) A chief reason for their success was the Dutch East India Company.
B) They were more interested in setting up colonies than trade.
C) The Dutch used naval power against native groups.
D) The Dutch were a small nation both in size and population.
E) They eventually took over the spice trade from the Portuguese in Southeast Asia.

Question 20

Which of the following caused the most death among Amerindians?

A) smallpox
B) the cannon
C) Spanish mines
D) malaria
E) scurvy

Question 21

____________________ was common among the weakest aboard slave ships.

Question 22

Which group of Europeans reaped the greatest benefit from the gold/silver-induced inflation?

A) Some landlords.
B) The merchants.
C) All artisans.
D) The peasants.
E) The clergy.

Question 23

Unique among Europeans, the ____________________ had no desire to convert the natives to Christianity.

Question 24

____________________ was the dominant economic philosophy during the Age of Discovery.

Question 25

What did the Arab slave traders and Europeans have in common regarding their views of sub-Saharan Africans?

A) They viewed Africans as inferior to other peoples.
B) They wanted to introduce Africans to the nature of God.
C) They wanted to get the Africans to invest in mercantilism.
D) The Arabs and Europeans universally deplored the inhumanity of slavery.
E) They thought African slavery was a positive good.

Question 26

What was the affect on local African societies as the slave trade grew?

A) The slave system brought Africans together in solidarity against the Europeans.
B) Some members of the African societies accommodated the commerce in human beings.
C) The Africans adopted a system of intermarriage with Arabs and Europeans.
D) The Africans began to copy the plantation system in their societies.
E) The Europeans convinced the Africans to adopt the concepts of mercantilism.

Question 27

Many of the early ideas of racism were ____ in nature.

A) political
B) economic
C) scientific
D) religious
E) Both A and C.

Question 28

Fifteenth and sixteenth century voyages of exploration were facilitated mainly by

A) European curiosity about other peoples.
B) the determination to obtain more farming land for a growing population.
C) the individual explorers' hopes of enrichment.
D) the discovery that the Earth was in fact a sphere without "ends."
E) new technology.

Question 29

As serfs in Europe began to gain their freedom, landlords

A) went bankrupt after years of profligate spending.
B) imported workers from neighboring countries.
C) threw their farmer serfs off the land.
D) left the land and became merchants and bankers.
E) continued to try to force their workers to remain on the land.

Question 30

A chief ingredient of Dutch success in carving out an overseas empire was the ____________________ Company.

Question 31

Which country suffered the worst from inflation due to Spain's importation of large amounts of gold and silver?

A) Holland.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Spain.
E) Portugal.

Question 32

The three most common epidemic diseases that caused a high death rate among Amerindians were____________________.

Question 33

The most significant food crop arriving in Europe as a consequence of the Columbian Exchange was

A) the potato.
B) the tomato.
C) maize.
D) squash.
E) sugarcane.

Question 34

What was the primary aim of mercantilism as practiced by the Europeans?

A) To secure financial rewards for the entrepreneurs.
B) To allow the impoverished a chance to rise in society.
C) To bring maximum income to the royal throne.
D) To secure a favorable balance of foreign trade.
E) To develop a wide range of products for export.

Question 35

The first slaves from Africa were introduced to Europe through ____________________ hands.

Question 36

The coming of Europeans seems to have had the most catastrophic impact on

A) Africans.
B) Amerindians.
C) Eskimos.
D) Muslims.
E) Asians.

Question 37

After two wars in the mid-1600s, the ____________________ replaced the Dutch as the leading naval power.

Question 38

Describe the background for European exploration and trade expansion.Discuss the roles of Prince Henry and early Portuguese discoverers.

Question 39

Individuals whose ancestry included both Amerindians and whites were labeled ____________________.

Question 40

Indian silver and gold enabled ____________________ to become Europe's strongest superpower in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Question 41

Discuss and elaborate on the impact of discovery and colonialism on European society.

Question 42

Compare and contrast the colonial endeavors of the Dutch, British, and French.Which was most successful? Which least? Why was this so?

Question 43

Compare the early Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires.Why did Spain's efforts prove to be the more substantial?

Question 44

Describe the Columbian Exchange in detail.Identify key elements that you believe to be of special significance.

Question 45

Explain and discuss the positive and negative aspects of the European discovery and conquest in the Americas.